tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-66579134485359836092024-03-17T05:01:55.350-07:00Those Pre-Pro Whiskey Men!Jack Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01499431800088809848noreply@blogger.comBlogger1129125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6657913448535983609.post-81601085564163588582024-03-13T04:50:00.000-07:002024-03-13T04:50:00.315-07:00Three American Authors & Their Saloons<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"> </span><b style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><i>Foreword:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i></b><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> The importance of alcohol to American literature has been the subject of numerous books and articles down through the years.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>This post is devoted to three famous authors who have saloons associated with their names. I am struck by the fact that the three saloonkeepers were all immigrants of German heritage.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>There may be a hint in the welcoming environments that<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>commonly have characterized German-owned drinking establishments.</i></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9IUhBrQB62ndHvuC15IFA9LlyeCWiHBpSklwojJziNKaOGhpFlVTs40qt_4NXof5VDDPmvM12s6Y-Q-1GxPqyI_uS_rzIc72U6t8RieK9qe9jHTHWAUjnWa0FS_O4-4fYBu_ecwKfiP7haI7_2_655v2Ba0G67SCiV9ImKKckhaeteUhyphenhyphenlCw7EilYg_lL/s640/1.%20Twain.jpg-%20L.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; font-family: arial; font-size: large; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="639" data-original-width="640" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9IUhBrQB62ndHvuC15IFA9LlyeCWiHBpSklwojJziNKaOGhpFlVTs40qt_4NXof5VDDPmvM12s6Y-Q-1GxPqyI_uS_rzIc72U6t8RieK9qe9jHTHWAUjnWa0FS_O4-4fYBu_ecwKfiP7haI7_2_655v2Ba0G67SCiV9ImKKckhaeteUhyphenhyphenlCw7EilYg_lL/w200-h200/1.%20Twain.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="200" /></a><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">While living summers in Elmira, New York, </span><b style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Mark Twain (aka Samuel Clemens)</b><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">, already a world famous author, frequently found occasion to visit a local saloon run by an immigrant German named August Klapproth, and his son, Charles.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Years later the National Distillers Product Co.,, the source of “Old Crow” bourbon, as part of a series of “history re-imagined” magazine ads featured Twain at Klapproth’s.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Most were fanciful.</span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRPDzt8oRlwuUbHuOGVYFERtChamB8p6Yjm11h5gjJD1fXlUr_pO10pzH1kt8vPQl_FxYeutwzkF3_syeTPQIxESGsSbmPQO1CkUVQwirJ3Aw9L0wiPq3rDG8FvyyDm34a8v-jxKPRPVpTuzfJizEMCt2KRTYMSAB3RHDVZ97jPrrGj-eqUAxHTQrStOnM/s320/2.%20Twain%20at%20K's.jpg-%20R.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; font-family: arial; font-size: large; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="320" data-original-width="222" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRPDzt8oRlwuUbHuOGVYFERtChamB8p6Yjm11h5gjJD1fXlUr_pO10pzH1kt8vPQl_FxYeutwzkF3_syeTPQIxESGsSbmPQO1CkUVQwirJ3Aw9L0wiPq3rDG8FvyyDm34a8v-jxKPRPVpTuzfJizEMCt2KRTYMSAB3RHDVZ97jPrrGj-eqUAxHTQrStOnM/w139-h200/2.%20Twain%20at%20K's.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="139" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">From the little to be gleaned from the historical record, the</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> Klapproths were stolid German publicans content with running a decent tavern.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">August Klapproth had been born in Darmstadt, Germany, and immigrated to America as a youth.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">His son Charles, born in America, never married and lived much of his later life with his widowed mother and an unmarried sister.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Fame came when Twain chose the Klapproth saloon as his favorite Elmira watering hole.</span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">It was not until the early 1980s that Old Crow’s representations of Twain finally approached reality.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The ad shown below recreates the tavern interior as it actually looked, including the wood paneling, the fireplace and the metal bas relief sculpture above it.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>This ad has Twain telling his rapt audience:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i> “Thunder is good, thunder is impressive; but it is lightening that does the work.”</i></span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><i><br /></i></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_p7YffnZCV1WKdAOmN7U9cheRRBIZcaMXIb7fmOKfrtPftMJuLvUk5SpuSORwASFgfr2C9z3xNFnx1Kyi6FmqG8_4QHHZ9G6-jhRUguOgJAN13a4QF1lkUUDZiePH1c_XKhD2cJMtp2XSvzWdPk4DpJIkrPzeR-Tr3v3Cbn_8lb6nYIkfsc0ltv0VJvLM/s320/3.%20Lightning-OldCrow.jpg-%20C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="289" data-original-width="320" height="289" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_p7YffnZCV1WKdAOmN7U9cheRRBIZcaMXIb7fmOKfrtPftMJuLvUk5SpuSORwASFgfr2C9z3xNFnx1Kyi6FmqG8_4QHHZ9G6-jhRUguOgJAN13a4QF1lkUUDZiePH1c_XKhD2cJMtp2XSvzWdPk4DpJIkrPzeR-Tr3v3Cbn_8lb6nYIkfsc0ltv0VJvLM/s1600/3.%20Lightning-OldCrow.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">When he died in 1910, Twain was buried in Elmira’s Woodlawn Cemetery, the same burial ground where both August and Charles Klapproth are interred.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The story does not end there.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>When the saloon was being torn down, the paneled wall, fireplace and decorative metal casting were saved and now are the centerpiece of the Mark Twain Archive at the Gannett-Tripp Library of Elmira College.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Shown below, note the similarity to the ad above.</span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9GXxTyvWiQNgxl67I4WIBa6V3JJfufqBFJYCYd2b2KARjsnLIvtSBOztjhrOKLmr6N7AMsEF1W6dYFL5Quh9z4XQnDqNkfRcZCA1zJHZINmpxWwd3CCL33uvE6wlK_AgJEgpPhsz-_MMXug4Id_4K9QBOc79ooVHf9S3OCGxol2zSjHwNjd52t9vX4aFo/s320/4.%20Interior%20Saved.jpg-%20C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="214" data-original-width="320" height="214" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9GXxTyvWiQNgxl67I4WIBa6V3JJfufqBFJYCYd2b2KARjsnLIvtSBOztjhrOKLmr6N7AMsEF1W6dYFL5Quh9z4XQnDqNkfRcZCA1zJHZINmpxWwd3CCL33uvE6wlK_AgJEgpPhsz-_MMXug4Id_4K9QBOc79ooVHf9S3OCGxol2zSjHwNjd52t9vX4aFo/s1600/4.%20Interior%20Saved.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"> ***</span></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHWiTL7zoaUyDYQ87QyOU7rS7D0CAWf6nFrBzVFvKOg1vqQrAmhOY9Z0lLNZYcB7LxEX3dMU7RbBOeMQxuKdxJAelSVyYo0GSBP7HzCL_bwjRIub9gm5BAu28S3GpQHp1ISbmkjI8FtFV2d5-_AjfDxIYBv9xCxALJASUHZ7YmYP8eqe2btTZJdV3_LyHH/s240/5.%20London-%20L.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; font-family: arial; font-size: large; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="190" data-original-width="240" height="190" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHWiTL7zoaUyDYQ87QyOU7rS7D0CAWf6nFrBzVFvKOg1vqQrAmhOY9Z0lLNZYcB7LxEX3dMU7RbBOeMQxuKdxJAelSVyYo0GSBP7HzCL_bwjRIub9gm5BAu28S3GpQHp1ISbmkjI8FtFV2d5-_AjfDxIYBv9xCxALJASUHZ7YmYP8eqe2btTZJdV3_LyHH/s1600/5.%20London-%20L.jpg" width="240" /></a><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">American author </span><b style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Jack London</b><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> as a boy found a second home and a source of inspiration in an Oakland, California, saloon run by a friendly German immigrant named Johnny Heinhold. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Memorialized by London in his novels and autobiography, Heinhold’s still stands as a tribute to London, shown here, who never forgot the proprietor nor the drinking establishment where his writer’s imagination first was ignited.</span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6Za5C_l1M4tj5FCzO4JOppjBsUUBO5UmoDwF85jcjNnZ9dh8jUsoX_mWTnCPvVVbZhEly_4lqX-UIQ1cxx0Q31OCXmfIKLqx_DMNxaEnsbuxxBnw-9bw9lXM0AigJS0dyD2ecMz7R_7ML3My5oN0XbbQtPMKmjSlLOMPrQdhOaJ4fhb1fhAtVU8Vdb0QC/s200/%206.%20johnny%20Heinhold.jpg-%20R.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; font-family: arial; font-size: large; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="200" data-original-width="161" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6Za5C_l1M4tj5FCzO4JOppjBsUUBO5UmoDwF85jcjNnZ9dh8jUsoX_mWTnCPvVVbZhEly_4lqX-UIQ1cxx0Q31OCXmfIKLqx_DMNxaEnsbuxxBnw-9bw9lXM0AigJS0dyD2ecMz7R_7ML3My5oN0XbbQtPMKmjSlLOMPrQdhOaJ4fhb1fhAtVU8Vdb0QC/s1600/%206.%20johnny%20Heinhold.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="161" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">London is said to have found a “second home” in Heinhold’s Oakland, California</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> saloon when he was as young as ten. Shown here, the saloonkeeper was known for his kind heart.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">He must have seen something special in the boy and made a place for him.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Shown below is an extraordinary photo of the young London sitting in Heinhold’s, engrossed in a dictionary .</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">At the same time the boy was listening to the stories of “the hard mixed crowd” that frequented the saloon, including crews of whaling vessels, sealing ships, and windjammers.</span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVKUQjdNsTo3nT26kVYEmAzJLJlCmGQdrGGjD39vx0fhzVHFQtdNpEhdPQJTEkLPel3g6ZdKyvUUsEj0c-EGI5oq5HYtkozFuPA0lN4AWFrNQVwYoYkK8edIc1HECSnDuqPSWfZx-uuAojx2VbUX7iUY6f3chGq2UDdTn4rpZrQN76f7ezGhNFDaGK6tLM/s320/7.%20%201886%20At%20Heinhold's_London_Studying.jpg-L.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="320" data-original-width="242" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVKUQjdNsTo3nT26kVYEmAzJLJlCmGQdrGGjD39vx0fhzVHFQtdNpEhdPQJTEkLPel3g6ZdKyvUUsEj0c-EGI5oq5HYtkozFuPA0lN4AWFrNQVwYoYkK8edIc1HECSnDuqPSWfZx-uuAojx2VbUX7iUY6f3chGq2UDdTn4rpZrQN76f7ezGhNFDaGK6tLM/s1600/7.%20%201886%20At%20Heinhold's_London_Studying.jpg-L.jpg" width="242" /></a></div><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"></span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">In his autobiographical book, “John Barleycorn,” London dwelled on his relationship with the saloonkeeper:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i>“More than once in the brief days of my struggles for an education, I went to Johnny Heinhold to borrow money.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>When I entered the university I borrowed forty dollars from him, without interest, without security, without buying a drink.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>And yet…in the days of my prosperity, after the lapse of years, I have gone out of my way by many a long block to spend across Johnny Heinhold’s bar deferred interest on the various loans.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Not that Johnny Heinhold asked me to do it, or expected me to do it.”</i></span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><i><br /></i></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisBGTlST0NAhCTtQN_M4PCMTXtkvRovzMSC00uuM94VcsIooUVgoxyFcBXG4T72FlnI1-0oqefMG1_0vu9BFJI0tDWgxG3uDPk4IIPldsTnQ92HnasStEqCZzyfV_hfkWFEraD04myYF551FPocPSmc1-LdV77XGLDydZfJ2qV1ypnCcdo1RsCOCcqKsV1/s1024/%208.%20Heinhold%20Saloon%20%233%20C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="878" data-original-width="1024" height="274" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisBGTlST0NAhCTtQN_M4PCMTXtkvRovzMSC00uuM94VcsIooUVgoxyFcBXG4T72FlnI1-0oqefMG1_0vu9BFJI0tDWgxG3uDPk4IIPldsTnQ92HnasStEqCZzyfV_hfkWFEraD04myYF551FPocPSmc1-LdV77XGLDydZfJ2qV1ypnCcdo1RsCOCcqKsV1/s320/%208.%20Heinhold%20Saloon%20%233%20C.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">London's association with the saloon has more than been repaid. Now on the National Register of Historic Places, Johnny Heinhold’s saloon has been altered on the outside.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>As shown here, the front has been updated to accommodate a large neon sign announcing the saloon as <i>“Jack London’s Rendevous.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i> The north side of the building is hidden behind a billboard-like appendage decorated with a late 1990’s mural honoring London, commissioned by the Port of Oakland.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"> ***</span></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXgVV3jwUa36lFuCded27E2xF1HE7dD6NgwbHThKefmnLTYALT2NwXk4FLk94SIZXB3kbhuP8xAYShkCb8Expr6in2Sp3bvO2w63GbiRWDX0_mEbrfjdVf1P-GwtQ0JNlNX5M0Q0jntbavblgDReo58u2hrzPiUpc1CChsqvt6rQK9fljt9alDuAFXAd74/s200/9a.%20Eugene-Field-featured-image.jpg-%20L.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; font-family: arial; font-size: large; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="200" data-original-width="195" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXgVV3jwUa36lFuCded27E2xF1HE7dD6NgwbHThKefmnLTYALT2NwXk4FLk94SIZXB3kbhuP8xAYShkCb8Expr6in2Sp3bvO2w63GbiRWDX0_mEbrfjdVf1P-GwtQ0JNlNX5M0Q0jntbavblgDReo58u2hrzPiUpc1CChsqvt6rQK9fljt9alDuAFXAd74/s1600/9a.%20Eugene-Field-featured-image.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="195" /></a><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Virtually any anthology of American poetry will have a verse or two from </span><b style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Eugene Field, </b><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">an author, poet, and editor of newspapers ranging from Denver to Chicago.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Known for him dislike of prohibition, when in his home town of St. Louis, Field regularly found his way to a saloon run by a German immigrant named John Henry Bloeser.</span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">In 1876 while Field in St. Louis writing editorials for the <i>St. Louis Journal</i>, he met John Henry Bloeser, a German immigrant who had arrived in the United States in the mid-1860s, living first in Chicago and after his marriage in 1872, moving to St. Louis.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>There he opened a saloon at Pine and Eighth Streets, shown below.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>His drinking establishment soon became a regular hangout for the newspaper and literati crowd.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Field was among Bloeser’s regulars.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"><br /></span></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwtEFw6KsOxk1rhdigHFzZT2g1Ke8-vzkkU0IR32EGaqRPmvQH-35HFoBvo77GIJxJ57mMnD-0cZl6RASNak9RGfPZncjoL-rVcbgv7cRTiiPiK16lsLBspb9LY3GxIJlgMRveyyqleL0S56mZsv320CZwydCmmOWPK50x4A1JJYCKm49nSe2LcBLZv4TN/s1050/%209b.%20Pine%20&%208th-.C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="858" data-original-width="1050" height="261" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwtEFw6KsOxk1rhdigHFzZT2g1Ke8-vzkkU0IR32EGaqRPmvQH-35HFoBvo77GIJxJ57mMnD-0cZl6RASNak9RGfPZncjoL-rVcbgv7cRTiiPiK16lsLBspb9LY3GxIJlgMRveyyqleL0S56mZsv320CZwydCmmOWPK50x4A1JJYCKm49nSe2LcBLZv4TN/s320/%209b.%20Pine%20&%208th-.C.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span class="Apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"> </span></span></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Bloeser sold both wholesale and retail liquor, calling his company the Bloeser Distilling Company.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He was not making whiskey but buying it from distillers and blending it in his facilities to achieve a desired color, taste and smoothness.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He used the brand names “Empire Rye” and “Harlem Club” for his blends.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Although Bloeser failed to trademark either label, he advertised his whiskey widely though shot glasses and corkscrews.</span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbGICnNtrN-JKu9X0qxIbHpLtPZwCMxg8HGCn1wWvjX3ZNkQyfvASF-49-Ye_cZaOdfzupeGqS_PRpsh78BraXqsiX8fuTAgENnw-bbmOGsiHtAuAVPW-uRFv2jz5mpKpwMOj4dy9ewMq-36NlkuaHKsZhSQpYMASBhRHVhbQYIGauIBMP8wZ8y3LLZRy-/s200/%209d.SG%20%232.jpg-%20ACR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; font-family: arial; font-size: large; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="200" data-original-width="157" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbGICnNtrN-JKu9X0qxIbHpLtPZwCMxg8HGCn1wWvjX3ZNkQyfvASF-49-Ye_cZaOdfzupeGqS_PRpsh78BraXqsiX8fuTAgENnw-bbmOGsiHtAuAVPW-uRFv2jz5mpKpwMOj4dy9ewMq-36NlkuaHKsZhSQpYMASBhRHVhbQYIGauIBMP8wZ8y3LLZRy-/s1600/%209d.SG%20%232.jpg-%20ACR.jpg" width="157" /></a><span class="s1"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLFREoKoNPFNYk3PXuZyx3olwBdReLPh0xX5AU73ugjTx9H19rIInd_revqMrLAUuIHIgGO5aVelRE42PTSc2CxNX9H_nmEs_FEpsnKByg6kEUB366Ps6gRfod9nOWed4_xOQwKI6r4BRm9Fom7Uk1kkURB1IHzUkQbg5kQl1dxn9HWnXUnSFW6CrOJvoT/s1500/%209c.%20Bloeser%20SG%20%231.jpg-%20ACL.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; font-family: arial; font-size: large; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1500" data-original-width="1255" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLFREoKoNPFNYk3PXuZyx3olwBdReLPh0xX5AU73ugjTx9H19rIInd_revqMrLAUuIHIgGO5aVelRE42PTSc2CxNX9H_nmEs_FEpsnKByg6kEUB366Ps6gRfod9nOWed4_xOQwKI6r4BRm9Fom7Uk1kkURB1IHzUkQbg5kQl1dxn9HWnXUnSFW6CrOJvoT/w168-h200/%209c.%20Bloeser%20SG%20%231.jpg-%20ACL.jpg" width="168" /></a></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Bloeser must have missed Field’s steady patronage of when he left St. Louis in 1880 to become managing editor of the <i>Kansas City</i> <i>Times. </i>Field landed a similar position with the <i>Denver Tribune </i>and then moved to the <i>Chicago Morning News </i>as a reporter.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>From his Chicago base, Field with some frequency returned to St. Louis, possibly to visit relatives, despite once having described it as an “ineffably uninteresting city.” According to newspaper reports, when in town he regularly visited Bloeser’s saloon where he presumably found companions who were not entirely “uninteresting.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>I fantasize that a Field’s drinking poem may have had this “watering hole” in mind.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>An excerpt reads:</span></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: center;"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">And you, oh, friends from west and east</span></i></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><i></i></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: center;"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">And other foreign parts,</span></i></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><i></i></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: center;"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Come share the rapture of our feast,</span></i></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><i></i></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: center;"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The love of loyal hearts;</span></i></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><i></i></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: center;"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">And in the wassail that suspends</span></i></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><i></i></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: center;"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">All matter burdensome,</span></i></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><i></i></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: center;"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">We’ll drink a health to good old friends,</span></i></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><i></i></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: center;"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">And good friends yet to come.</span></i></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><i></i></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>Note:</b> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Longer posts on each of these authors and their favorite saloons may be found elsewhere on this website:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Twain and Klapproth’s, March 10, 2023;<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>London </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">and Heinhold’s, February 10, 2023, and Field and Bloeser’s, May 17, 2023.</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /></span><p></p>
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</style>Jack Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01499431800088809848noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6657913448535983609.post-25256044733929524492024-03-07T04:55:00.000-08:002024-03-07T04:58:57.084-08:00N. R. Bianchi: Liquor & Survival in the UP<p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEWXhF5GogKRkomPSg-sS2iGb-pJu1uave5GJsMw2lXkMBeA6Azu-PdIW6roRXpngmOwwryb47OfJVmhZvjAnD5rERcA0OZcRGTeIJT9MBxE9qshX1JIaFCENmJdFQFzbiKyZWkOQgBgw_H08GhhJ2k1RsSzb2sGbMv6VP6ATSqrT47Ia6t2nHimQyEP1H/s284/1.%20Calumet.jpg-R%20.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="284" data-original-width="253" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEWXhF5GogKRkomPSg-sS2iGb-pJu1uave5GJsMw2lXkMBeA6Azu-PdIW6roRXpngmOwwryb47OfJVmhZvjAnD5rERcA0OZcRGTeIJT9MBxE9qshX1JIaFCENmJdFQFzbiKyZWkOQgBgw_H08GhhJ2k1RsSzb2sGbMv6VP6ATSqrT47Ia6t2nHimQyEP1H/w178-h200/1.%20Calumet.jpg-R%20.jpg" width="178" /></a><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">When 20-year-old Narciso Bianchi arrived in America in 1897, the young Italian</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> immigrant headed straight to a northern tip of Michigan’s Upper Peninsula (UP) shown here,</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">a rugged territory rich in underground copper.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Amid years of tumult and tragedy in the area’s mining region, Bianchi persevered in the liquor trade, living there the rest of his life, and lies buried there.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">His story is one of survival as a world crumbled around him.</span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIf9RWFve9J_U3UETsnaqfvazyBGp8mWR-zQZClFoNteLJAeP5zIxNGGsyonQaceLgeYhPN78ZNTUghGWveQnsYjpoWpRpgLq017POX1A4n_zTEr9p2LwzWUGGq5vjUhJNtPkavxjTEor230sSzBbUDiknR_ywrcTD7yIJ3-ln47tqQ1y2YP-Vanz5HTvY/s320/2.%20%20Red%20Jacket.jpg-L.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="320" data-original-width="257" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhIf9RWFve9J_U3UETsnaqfvazyBGp8mWR-zQZClFoNteLJAeP5zIxNGGsyonQaceLgeYhPN78ZNTUghGWveQnsYjpoWpRpgLq017POX1A4n_zTEr9p2LwzWUGGq5vjUhJNtPkavxjTEor230sSzBbUDiknR_ywrcTD7yIJ3-ln47tqQ1y2YP-Vanz5HTvY/w161-h200/2.%20%20Red%20Jacket.jpg-L.jpg" width="161" /></a><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">First, some details about the environment in which Bianchi found himself.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">As shown on the map here, what is now the city of Calumet in the northern most peninsula of</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Upper Michigan was first settled in 1864 and named originally for “Red Jacket,” a chief of the Seneca Indian tribe, shown here.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">This is a puzzling choice since Red Jacket resided far from Michigan in upper New York State and was known for his antipathy toward white settlers and Christianity.</span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">“Calumet” also had Native American origins, meaning a clay bowl at the end of a long “peace pipe.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The name first appeared applied to a small community that had grown up near Red Jacket adjacent to a highly productive copper mine.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>It subsequently was the name given to the township encompassing Red Jacket and nearby copper mining settlements. In 1929 Calumet officially became the name of the city itself.</span></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Copper mining fueled the economic life of the region.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The Boston-based Calumet and Hecla Mining Company produced more than half of United States copper from 1871 through 1880.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>It drew immigrant miners from all over Europe to this desolate outpost.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>By 1900 Red Jacket had a population of 4,668 and Calumet Township counted 25,991.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>It was hailed as one of the richest communities in America.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>What had begun as an isolated settlement virtually touching Canada, was now, at least for the time being, a busy city, as shown below.</span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5cZvr0iWLmgnhLvJlcWWt56qJBGvli5kzKA2ttxE980hIGfGeo-Nbfy41lHoEZPB3ALZDeP4rXmH-AxnC-e05uNndw1YrkwdrV5jTWZz5X-EDoOKRe3jt2fvDVMGGLmhqX5KBgOpkl_597onuzA6peI3SLChXNJCNZD2vfnIqAhFGVxqqplZUma4d9jiq/s330/3.%20Calumet5thStreet.jpg1910-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="225" data-original-width="330" height="218" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5cZvr0iWLmgnhLvJlcWWt56qJBGvli5kzKA2ttxE980hIGfGeo-Nbfy41lHoEZPB3ALZDeP4rXmH-AxnC-e05uNndw1YrkwdrV5jTWZz5X-EDoOKRe3jt2fvDVMGGLmhqX5KBgOpkl_597onuzA6peI3SLChXNJCNZD2vfnIqAhFGVxqqplZUma4d9jiq/s320/3.%20Calumet5thStreet.jpg1910-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">After his arrival in America, Bianchi seems to have made straight for the UP, as it commonly is known.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Born about 1878 and raised in the lush landscape of Tuscany, the son of Renaldo and Viola Bianchi, the youth must have been startled by the bleakness of the terrain. He likely had<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>relatives or friends among the many Italian-born men working in the mines.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Whether he joined them underground for a time is unclear, but about 1904, with a partner, Bianchi opened a saloon and a liquor store.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh30XceA7EF845jP16dO2RLAQw1ZIc5oNZyRI0hzgByy3tgwq5ZsafS4TtF8QDqJnl5oORgcqZOyE8Ds3froiQu6AwWG4q8GCCZ_OSeznlbWXp4bQt19Y892Q8McYh6LvYT4VvqvWWi-LrOAl5IInGuq0CsfKB2ersL_FWlpZlOD8RoRHG_UYYkOR8GLNkq/s784/4a.%20CalumetMI-MineralRangeDepot.jpg-R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="417" data-original-width="784" height="170" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh30XceA7EF845jP16dO2RLAQw1ZIc5oNZyRI0hzgByy3tgwq5ZsafS4TtF8QDqJnl5oORgcqZOyE8Ds3froiQu6AwWG4q8GCCZ_OSeznlbWXp4bQt19Y892Q8McYh6LvYT4VvqvWWi-LrOAl5IInGuq0CsfKB2ersL_FWlpZlOD8RoRHG_UYYkOR8GLNkq/s320/4a.%20CalumetMI-MineralRangeDepot.jpg-R.jpg" width="320" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">He had entered a crowded field.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>By 1910 the city directory indicated that</span></span><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"> Red </span></span><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Jacket/Calumet was home to 82 saloons, Bianchi’s among them.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>But the immigrant youth had a better idea than simply providing drinks over the bar.</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">At the time, Red Jacket could claim distinction as the railroad center of the UP. The heyday of the Mineral Range railroad, its station shown here, was in the early 1900’s,</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">employing 200 trainmen in addition to 250 men in the shops. Bianchi saw the opportunity to buy whiskey from the many distilleries in the Midwest and ship it to him by the barrel via railroad.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Rather than just selling to the public, Bianchi understood the considerable business that would come from peddling whiskey to the other 81 saloons.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">He was now advertising himself as “N.R. Bianchi, Wholesale Liquor Dealer.” </span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiZliVFvAn8ksu6533B-PjnBtzm1N2sMk-U5ggPttxVKzZs7_4zDdKvWyIHo7o1OgD9-XyPPOsCRsvu32XSZPQgptj93cHGslCRLCBut6_K04ZzHHZq0Qz3ZBU_MiziC_RkHI17687gV9hyphenhyphentQhY6N42WeGUIIUQaBiShJ5QWGT0VORrmdrg8XtuqAiB5CC/s300/4b.%20Bianchi%20ad%201914.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="300" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiZliVFvAn8ksu6533B-PjnBtzm1N2sMk-U5ggPttxVKzZs7_4zDdKvWyIHo7o1OgD9-XyPPOsCRsvu32XSZPQgptj93cHGslCRLCBut6_K04ZzHHZq0Qz3ZBU_MiziC_RkHI17687gV9hyphenhyphentQhY6N42WeGUIIUQaBiShJ5QWGT0VORrmdrg8XtuqAiB5CC/s1600/4b.%20Bianchi%20ad%201914.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="300" /></a></div><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg931eqnStKKJKSnAdO-x6q1JKPl_ZyhL5ugBNlmSrGNfbECF0dT1Fm_K_adwD4TF1JsChOEcnxPDlvEnUT3OjryDF5GJ31hlDIH5F2N70yAovBN1foqwVXG6h715nO5H5z9DmXFfe6FEB5fYso55qFnI6Ed8J61H-dCNYAbYG2zJBreKvvAWsSMZIoELPd/s482/5.%20Bianchi%20jug%201.jpg-ACL.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="482" data-original-width="291" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg931eqnStKKJKSnAdO-x6q1JKPl_ZyhL5ugBNlmSrGNfbECF0dT1Fm_K_adwD4TF1JsChOEcnxPDlvEnUT3OjryDF5GJ31hlDIH5F2N70yAovBN1foqwVXG6h715nO5H5z9DmXFfe6FEB5fYso55qFnI6Ed8J61H-dCNYAbYG2zJBreKvvAWsSMZIoELPd/w121-h200/5.%20Bianchi%20jug%201.jpg-ACL.jpg" width="121" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">When shipments arrived Bianchi would open the barrels and empty the contents into</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> smaller containers, usually ceramic jugs from one to three gallons in size.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">When purchased by local saloon keepers they would be repackaged in smaller containers, often glass, to be poured out to their customers.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Shown here and below are examples of the several of the variety of ceramic jugs bearing Bianchi’s name that are still in existence today.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The jugs may have been the product of the famed Red Wing potteries in Minnesota.</span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgs8WB8D67IIciVdvKk0ZMmXfUyurmrSY9O7-uS2yH0qSNjSvuGGlte8-FaQHvZvdgwCFf1YxtHauZm6Q7s27BHMtulqlHvPr_2N2H8wCNMMd3bYzkoAQ8FqRoOfjZ2-RQHY0trSLJSFh_zyObS5cXwIozIehzXpTZS2YZn08gtVDE-eNnKivRo6NCkSpdm/s504/8.%20Bianchi%20jug%203.jpg-%20ACR.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="504" data-original-width="339" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgs8WB8D67IIciVdvKk0ZMmXfUyurmrSY9O7-uS2yH0qSNjSvuGGlte8-FaQHvZvdgwCFf1YxtHauZm6Q7s27BHMtulqlHvPr_2N2H8wCNMMd3bYzkoAQ8FqRoOfjZ2-RQHY0trSLJSFh_zyObS5cXwIozIehzXpTZS2YZn08gtVDE-eNnKivRo6NCkSpdm/w134-h200/8.%20Bianchi%20jug%203.jpg-%20ACR.jpg" width="134" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgi9nuXJafYxjUjBLcir94kNNq1Oer1pD0Mu52dZIqTqKkTJPY-fr-J26Yt1rwyW3xvOSF8ZiSWcG4bm3SxyI-Us3Zc2vM8CltIfUd2hEHk-lSV3C5UknafxU-joOIlb3f1697QiCbJkEkLUvRD4wSWY1eeCOrrD42C7aNsbDRPFq5eA1Cbe7ueDssP4zRh/s404/6.%20Bianchi%20jug%202.jpg-ACR-%20ACR.jpg" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="404" data-original-width="278" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgi9nuXJafYxjUjBLcir94kNNq1Oer1pD0Mu52dZIqTqKkTJPY-fr-J26Yt1rwyW3xvOSF8ZiSWcG4bm3SxyI-Us3Zc2vM8CltIfUd2hEHk-lSV3C5UknafxU-joOIlb3f1697QiCbJkEkLUvRD4wSWY1eeCOrrD42C7aNsbDRPFq5eA1Cbe7ueDssP4zRh/w138-h200/6.%20Bianchi%20jug%202.jpg-ACR-%20ACR.jpg" width="138" /></a></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">In addition, Bianchi likely was doing some “rectifying,” that is, blending several whiskeys and perhaps other ingredients to create his own brand that would have been sold both to the public and wholesale.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He called it “Copper Queen” and featured a label that depicted a Native American woman in a headdress. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Bianci<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>advertised Copper Queen as a “high grade” whiskey and truthfully as “a blend.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Although it was his proprietary brand, Bianchi, possibly because of cost, failed to register his trademark with the government.</span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg56Ttjg4S741PcfyfHClcsfcfizWLZK1fxYO49dErg13AQTQUX6dgOinILeDzlJNsG9gzmn9YASi9xLQYQNKTUqCdtubIspWOBNmTw0R2kBhjVMwpN8CN758ep3go5VV2XaX-bL8vOX1vejMDb40M8gR54MFCeDuF-o_TMyInFmwf3BDaPJQ6ZRFuW3Vwc/s455/9b.%20Copper%20Q%20label.jpg-C.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="455" data-original-width="349" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg56Ttjg4S741PcfyfHClcsfcfizWLZK1fxYO49dErg13AQTQUX6dgOinILeDzlJNsG9gzmn9YASi9xLQYQNKTUqCdtubIspWOBNmTw0R2kBhjVMwpN8CN758ep3go5VV2XaX-bL8vOX1vejMDb40M8gR54MFCeDuF-o_TMyInFmwf3BDaPJQ6ZRFuW3Vwc/s320/9b.%20Copper%20Q%20label.jpg-C.jpg" width="245" /></a><span class="s1"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIT_muHDigpYZKYvajXhgy4ZtkSSahYwcybXtTEuC602KuxyqFN289NdnSjEM2wJkU46mfZpA6nill9kAEZBzfNpFprwdD9yz9iGfUL-mZFEY7_8l3JnHMaNMzozh_EF0yFR4kvaS90HOYYsnZc1fUF9hB3ID4iFGm99H3X5JZJNmsRDqr5QyPI_hX2Xw6/s299/9a.%20Bottles%20left%20one%20old%3F.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="299" data-original-width="119" height="299" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIT_muHDigpYZKYvajXhgy4ZtkSSahYwcybXtTEuC602KuxyqFN289NdnSjEM2wJkU46mfZpA6nill9kAEZBzfNpFprwdD9yz9iGfUL-mZFEY7_8l3JnHMaNMzozh_EF0yFR4kvaS90HOYYsnZc1fUF9hB3ID4iFGm99H3X5JZJNmsRDqr5QyPI_hX2Xw6/s1600/9a.%20Bottles%20left%20one%20old%3F.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="119" /></a></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">As Bianchi was building his liquor business he was also gaining a family.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In February 1905, he married Edith Cheli, an italian immigrant woman who was 20 at the time of their nuptials.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Narciso was 27.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The couple would have a family of five. The 1920 census recorded Julius 13, Myra 11, Reynold 7 and Marie, under a year old.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A fifth child, Elizabeth, would come later. Bianchi’s occupation in the census was given as “owning store-liquor.”</span></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>As the 1900s moved on, however, the economic bloom faded from Red Jacket/Calumet to be replaced by violence.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>As copper prices fell, the mine owners began to cut the workforce and require more hours from those retained.</span></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Labor unrest and strikes resulted.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The situation triggered what became know as the “Seeberville Affair” in August 1913.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>After two strikers disobeyed an order from a mine boss, a group of mine “enforcers” surrounded a boarding house in which the men were living and opened fire.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Two boarders with no connection to the strikers were killed and two others wounded. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Although four of the shooters later were convicted of manslaughter, the deaths increased the intensity of the strike.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The incident also was a prelude to a disaster at the Italian Hall, a building operated by an Italian mutual aid society, on Christmas Eve 1913.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Union wives gave a Christmas party for the strikers and their families. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>I am assuming that Bianchi was among those donating gifts for the children and money for party supplies.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Hundreds of mining families attended, packed into the hall ballroom.</span></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoetaVOh1WYnYEq7XnEQP2fTjJAagG29pEfbn1iSpHM9eYgyM5s2z8gQH0n2SUPBLZgzbAizYhW1F9yBK8PUF0uhYHj6c9OqAAuMQTQQChPI8PrJl7SDfUfqQit9LDV5axAxVudyuwoZL9JUhXT41ljnxEjJpul5tp_iekeXhjrR9oZgl1nq-uy4iJSYD9/s263/9c.%20Fire%20panic.jpg-%20L.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="263" data-original-width="245" height="263" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhoetaVOh1WYnYEq7XnEQP2fTjJAagG29pEfbn1iSpHM9eYgyM5s2z8gQH0n2SUPBLZgzbAizYhW1F9yBK8PUF0uhYHj6c9OqAAuMQTQQChPI8PrJl7SDfUfqQit9LDV5axAxVudyuwoZL9JUhXT41ljnxEjJpul5tp_iekeXhjrR9oZgl1nq-uy4iJSYD9/s1600/9c.%20Fire%20panic.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="245" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Here is newspaper account of what happened next: <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i> “At some point during the evening, according to most witnesses, an unidentified man stepped into the ballroom and shouted "Fire!", beginning a panic and stampede for the doors. The main exit from the ballroom was a steep stairway down to the front doors of the building. In the ensuing panic, 73 people were crushed to death in the stairwell, 60 of them were children.”</i></span></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><i></i></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">There was no fire but the perpetrator of the disaster, believed to a strike breaker, was never identified. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Shown below is a photo of a line of coffins in varying sizes waiting to be delivered to the families of victims. Folk singer Woody Guthrie's 1945 song,<i> </i>"<i>1913 Massacre,”</i> memorialized this event.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Whether Bianchi was in Italian Hall that night is unknown but among the dead, injured and grieving must have been many friends and acquaintances.</span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVdLa2gYWodZgW1sseD1UZK9YTqs1UDE8861q2U3mgLmCqOH5sY0SaHaR9vXZLGAq75Xm1BilxUTpc6ldYvdkNpHbkZPqiiIpABQrcPrWPoWNrdXLbzE9LJr78QBbVI3kS_cShzlZs2ntuebseJrzVnZsJ53AwdhcptAA_HZwz9FkCI8ez8TqttmV3LXsv/s1920/9d.%20Fire%20%20victimss-1913.jpg-C.jpg" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1070" data-original-width="1920" height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVdLa2gYWodZgW1sseD1UZK9YTqs1UDE8861q2U3mgLmCqOH5sY0SaHaR9vXZLGAq75Xm1BilxUTpc6ldYvdkNpHbkZPqiiIpABQrcPrWPoWNrdXLbzE9LJr78QBbVI3kS_cShzlZs2ntuebseJrzVnZsJ53AwdhcptAA_HZwz9FkCI8ez8TqttmV3LXsv/w400-h223/9d.%20Fire%20%20victimss-1913.jpg-C.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Although World War One revived the need for copper and boosted the Calumet economy, the lift was temporarily.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Following the conflict the demand for copper declined sharply and prices dropped.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Thousands of workers and their families left Red Jacket/Calumet, many to find work in the fast-growing auto industry in Detroit.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>By this time state and national prohibition had been enacted, forcing Bianchi to shut down his wholesale liquor trade and saloon. Without fanfare he turned the latter into a soft drink parlor.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>While many such “parlors” were a front for liquor sales, Bianchi apparently was never cited for violations.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Selling “soda pop” he persevered in Calumet through the 14 years of National Prohibition.</span></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">With Repeal, Bianchi went back to running a saloon.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>According to the 1940 census, his wife Edith, her children grown,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>was helping as the cook.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Son Julius, now married and living next door with his wife, was assisting his father in running the establishment.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A witness of many years to the strife and decline that had afflicted Calumet, Bianchi continued to operate his tavern over the next decade.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The 1950 census found him still the proprietor.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>By this time Julius had moved on.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A younger son, Reynold, was now working as the bartender and assisting the 70-year old Bianchi with running the tavern.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhI8bjIczmpsfRLrVd0f4GBnssycLYBLwRbg8_27vEUnt5pDksvfe7JWWi2ocCSvZ0Dhauhne0cVi_XgsAWhA2V_JzNJeUMI6DY2p9GxfOC2GLdloiC3VbpZdAMDuR32wWoJdZZZOZ2DiaoauTbfZ-Y5chM6vfqpsZIfC3LLqNih2jANGs5GCgjMTBLgNC1/s616/9e.%20Lake%20View%20Cem.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="399" data-original-width="616" height="207" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhI8bjIczmpsfRLrVd0f4GBnssycLYBLwRbg8_27vEUnt5pDksvfe7JWWi2ocCSvZ0Dhauhne0cVi_XgsAWhA2V_JzNJeUMI6DY2p9GxfOC2GLdloiC3VbpZdAMDuR32wWoJdZZZOZ2DiaoauTbfZ-Y5chM6vfqpsZIfC3LLqNih2jANGs5GCgjMTBLgNC1/s320/9e.%20Lake%20View%20Cem.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="320" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Five years later, in July 1952, Narciso Bianchi died, age 74.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Joining victims of the </span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Italian Hall disaster, he was buried in</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Calumet ’s Lake View Cemetery, right.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Below is Bianci’s headstone and that of wife Edith, who joined him in 1964.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Meanwhile Calumet, once considered among the richest areas in the America with a population approaching 30,000 also was dying.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">In the 2020 census the population had dwindled to 621.</span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-pY4zzDpZBZgiKDy5Bu2yHt2xDzUJoGULfJ5DsHVmjOK6SVFGnlFF4QSY0jEhCOlZ36a1ef962rpzfArgoU4JsQnNwgeJrunj2FCineo7BLHlo5G6aIyE17iesYonhLeGIHjPTs12GGfCJfeEMljXQCfxmqDCyTmplLphTe197ckZsGXYyWMgxsBOip-T/s3610/9g.%20Wife%20Edith1882%20t0%201964.jpeg-ACR.jpeg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2452" data-original-width="3610" height="136" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-pY4zzDpZBZgiKDy5Bu2yHt2xDzUJoGULfJ5DsHVmjOK6SVFGnlFF4QSY0jEhCOlZ36a1ef962rpzfArgoU4JsQnNwgeJrunj2FCineo7BLHlo5G6aIyE17iesYonhLeGIHjPTs12GGfCJfeEMljXQCfxmqDCyTmplLphTe197ckZsGXYyWMgxsBOip-T/w200-h136/9g.%20Wife%20Edith1882%20t0%201964.jpeg-ACR.jpeg" width="200" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipgHw5VVk4ZWgaATQOcz7B6HvdoBwO9K8thwqi7Ii_DfmmzdhVtWUVRPLmyRdSgpnj-mDiXovhEVEtRpbTxl_6VbwxFO0OtT3ll2aRsb_lDmjntJtmFc8svae-xeXdSBzsQzgMoyqbAbdtM58M6Sm_B04rfOs-qTdUSeJegN31vrPP_9aeGSpl-HTA0bv6/s4171/9f.%20Bianchi%201877%20to%201955%20.jpeg-ACL.jpeg" style="clear: left; font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2359" data-original-width="4171" height="113" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipgHw5VVk4ZWgaATQOcz7B6HvdoBwO9K8thwqi7Ii_DfmmzdhVtWUVRPLmyRdSgpnj-mDiXovhEVEtRpbTxl_6VbwxFO0OtT3ll2aRsb_lDmjntJtmFc8svae-xeXdSBzsQzgMoyqbAbdtM58M6Sm_B04rfOs-qTdUSeJegN31vrPP_9aeGSpl-HTA0bv6/w200-h113/9f.%20Bianchi%201877%20to%201955%20.jpeg-ACL.jpeg" width="200" /></a></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>Addendum:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Narciso Bianchi’s “Copper Queen” brand of whiskey has been revived by the Iron Fish Distillery, located in Thompsonville, Michigan, a small town on Lake Huron in Lower Michigan.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>As shown below, the new label largely has replicated the earlier one with a notable exception.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Gone is the Native American woman with an Indian headdress.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>She has been replaced by a white woman rearing a Gay Nineties’ feathered hat.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Thus political correctness is served.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The distillery website states that Iron Fish can deliver Copper Queen whiskey to 39 states and DC.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Wherever he is, Narciso would be pleased.</span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidxylMtMDxpvb7ZvdJ5nyIbXAZH76a2WrtuPq0ZMyrNKJLCIkte33fGTF3N8yn0l9ARPu4xeg4vTHmRE-Su7BTs5O2hxG_lDg3B6zkWqWVWTvDkwPRRd8xY8kK8zLJmKS6yMSCI14ggOFiwSAsjlNDCUsLVdwjkNzFPLWayW1pTCwQhKW2ULqGiPT-oZPd/s449/9h.%20New%20bot,label%20R.jpg" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="449" data-original-width="358" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidxylMtMDxpvb7ZvdJ5nyIbXAZH76a2WrtuPq0ZMyrNKJLCIkte33fGTF3N8yn0l9ARPu4xeg4vTHmRE-Su7BTs5O2hxG_lDg3B6zkWqWVWTvDkwPRRd8xY8kK8zLJmKS6yMSCI14ggOFiwSAsjlNDCUsLVdwjkNzFPLWayW1pTCwQhKW2ULqGiPT-oZPd/s320/9h.%20New%20bot,label%20R.jpg" width="255" /></a></div><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p>
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</style>Jack Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01499431800088809848noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6657913448535983609.post-57609547858580345962024-03-01T06:33:00.000-08:002024-03-01T06:57:51.370-08:00 Thierman & Ruedeman — Immigrant Whiskey Success<p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 13px;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">On page 207 of a 1902 volume entitled <i>“Fetter’s Notable Men of Kentucky”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i></span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">are photographs of two men facing each other under the headline “Distillers.” They are Henry Thierman and William Ruedeman.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Unlike the members of such well known whiskey dynasties as the Beams, Stitzels and Browns, both men came from obscure beginnings in Germany.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">After Immigrating to the United States as virtually penniless youths, Thierman and Ruedeman eventually joined in creating a distilling company hailed in 1895 as </span><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">“an immense business, broadly distributed over the whole of the United States, the total of which average $750,000 each year.”</i><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">— today more than $37 million dollars annually.</span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNE0zBBnjDnuU9OcQtwfr2C9jFLBbM_NRWYVmP0XAV3z0PDWz69wS9rayI0bgXTxCQ32UI_OumMPpCZGt7-i0J7T5csp5pYDNBJZWsugdqm1v3qc26y14DffaccOKDP32BgeRe2XUF8pIe9mckGRSXjn-7w_CjAtiHxsNjSzf3r2933cLjzsqKaFQq_com/s274/1.%20Thierman.jpg-L.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="274" data-original-width="210" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNE0zBBnjDnuU9OcQtwfr2C9jFLBbM_NRWYVmP0XAV3z0PDWz69wS9rayI0bgXTxCQ32UI_OumMPpCZGt7-i0J7T5csp5pYDNBJZWsugdqm1v3qc26y14DffaccOKDP32BgeRe2XUF8pIe9mckGRSXjn-7w_CjAtiHxsNjSzf3r2933cLjzsqKaFQq_com/w153-h200/1.%20Thierman.jpg-L.jpg" width="153" /></a><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Shown here, Henry Augustus Thierman was to first to arrive on these shores.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">He was born in Germany in January 1836 and educated in the good local schools.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">In May 1853 at the age of 17 he left Hanover for America.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Upon arrival he appears to have gone almost immediately to Louisville, Kentucky.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Burial records for that city indicate Henry likely had Thierman relatives there who initially took him in.</span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">According to his obituary, Thierman’s first business venture was as a dairyman where<i> “…He displayed the same shrewdness and business then that afterward made him successful in a broader field.”</i><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>That unnamed field was selling liquor. </span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">About 1864, he ditched sour cream for sour mash, becoming a Louisville wholesale liquor dealer. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">With a local<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>named Prande (<i>aka </i>Prante), Thierman opened a store at 221 Market Street.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The partnership was short-lived.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>After two years, he stuck out on his own with a firm he called “H.A. Thierman Company.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Over the next few years, he would move several times as success brought a need for larger quarters.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVop9NvYH9FhMQR-9ZWdIApBKj5xr5Z6ahgFQyyvPaQb7gjOUID5VKIy17YbotzODhZzpW2bKkqDYLn3_UBMH2UkoKeowgFe6yGoHoW5hbUfD1MutMNWpIMfCxk2j0pWmk7vmteR-41-tQtwqIatHI7yxLUG0edIpImfTCVuXJtxioR11OtnaCVHeMErq2/s416/%203.%20Logo%201.jpg-%20L.jpg" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="233" data-original-width="416" height="179" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVop9NvYH9FhMQR-9ZWdIApBKj5xr5Z6ahgFQyyvPaQb7gjOUID5VKIy17YbotzODhZzpW2bKkqDYLn3_UBMH2UkoKeowgFe6yGoHoW5hbUfD1MutMNWpIMfCxk2j0pWmk7vmteR-41-tQtwqIatHI7yxLUG0edIpImfTCVuXJtxioR11OtnaCVHeMErq2/s320/%203.%20Logo%201.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">While Thierman was growing his whiskey trade, he met and in May 1865 married a local woman, Louise Simm, the daughter of a well known Louisville furniture dealer.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>At the time of their nuptials Henry was 29 years old, Louisa, 25.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The couple would have three children over the next 11 years, girls Ida and Lillie, and son Julius who died in early adulthood. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFOvJ6jUEuo_UNwPuFBfE_GeHgdyl9_Kmgwpzw-D-1EAdlyHpiKGnC-CFvMvd0bpidXKmbEwtZM_xA_CUOrZz_k6j-drFUYrLeOKdMIoZFfse6byY7fZMygxrM363OTnJp2ibKfsOyyM8cyFvL3Iu2DMFdLqlGN1rlHltS8ND4l4QVc7u6W9OINlThGJmh/s312/2.%20Ruedeman.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="312" data-original-width="247" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFOvJ6jUEuo_UNwPuFBfE_GeHgdyl9_Kmgwpzw-D-1EAdlyHpiKGnC-CFvMvd0bpidXKmbEwtZM_xA_CUOrZz_k6j-drFUYrLeOKdMIoZFfse6byY7fZMygxrM363OTnJp2ibKfsOyyM8cyFvL3Iu2DMFdLqlGN1rlHltS8ND4l4QVc7u6W9OINlThGJmh/w158-h200/2.%20Ruedeman.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="158" /></a><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Meanwhile in Hessen, Germany, William Ruedeman,was born in May 1854, the son</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> of</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Dorothy and Ernest Ruedeman.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Eighteen years younger than Thierman, William was 17 when he arrived in America in 1871 aboard the steamship </span><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Berlin</i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> from Bremen and settled in Louisville.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Whatever brought the two men together, the bond became close.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Ruedeman joined Thierman at his liquor house, initially as a porter.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Before long he had been promoted to vice president of the firm and had married Elizabeth Thierman, a relative of the boss.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The couple named their first son “Henry” after William’s benefactor.</span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">With a third man, E. M. Babbitt, the H.A. Thierman Company now began a period of acquisition and growth.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>At that time the firm was located on Louisville’s West Main Street. the so-called “Whiskey Row,” a prestigious address for a liquor company without its own Kentucky distillery.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Thierman remedied that omission in 1882 when he bought an existing faclity in Jefferson County that had been producing whiskey brands “Mayflower” and “Ashton.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Thierman promptly changed the name to the Mayflower Distilling Company.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">As recorded by insurance underwriters, the distillery, shown below, was of frame construction and had the capacity to mash 400 bushels of grain daily.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The plant included three warehouses: <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Warehouse A<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>was brick with a metal or slate roof and located 46 feet east of the still. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Warehouse B was brick with a metal or slate roof, located 63 feet SW of the still.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Warehouse C was iron-clad with a metal or slate roof, located 6 feet beyond Warehouse A.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>These warehouses were capable of holding 20,000 barrels. Cattle pens were 115 feet downwind of the still-house.</span></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Responsibility for managing this distillery seemingly fell primarily to Ruedeman and Babbett until Thierman sold it in 1892.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjA3hrss0jkwceRPiwSI0dEF0__zQPcvgvJTrpleYGK-tOebKzqUMjkEEv-BmRORjrzCc0dFkDX62hHukYjJij44hs6mJ-buMda3nHaShvog9Ri_cl-oc-1mCApljxOb-g8Z8rrPvm7RUX-G-XkLWS5eS-dQ4YQHX3ouduH3PwZQK5Re41MEwVZq8sJ07Co/s389/4.%20Mayflower%20Dist..jpg-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="203" data-original-width="389" height="167" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjA3hrss0jkwceRPiwSI0dEF0__zQPcvgvJTrpleYGK-tOebKzqUMjkEEv-BmRORjrzCc0dFkDX62hHukYjJij44hs6mJ-buMda3nHaShvog9Ri_cl-oc-1mCApljxOb-g8Z8rrPvm7RUX-G-XkLWS5eS-dQ4YQHX3ouduH3PwZQK5Re41MEwVZq8sJ07Co/s320/4.%20Mayflower%20Dist..jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">In the meantime Thierman in 1864 had bought a second distillery, this one located in Louisville at 36th Street and Missouri Avenue.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>This facility had been operated by John Roach and colleagues producing such brands as “Belle of Louisville.”<i> (See my post on Roach Feb. 15, 2022</i>.)<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Initially called the American Distillery, it was renamed by Thierman as the Rugby Distillery Company, RD#360, 5th District in federal records.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> He undertook to expand the facility in ensuing years.</span></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"><br /></span></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoWC6bGAiOtNCRWna0a3xwZGWG1j7KtZT8i7mvnJbIxTA209x9U8SWPPVP-ybnqnGpr1dhr9utRswMTrFqpXoDE6rFqMtvVNL-whPxiu2DAjdMVJqssf1HREa0oHUUyRpHEn-gFIXdra8BWzHV0V-9Epjpr3VtrVxmayqN426t872zM6sHVUrLFuJbvAEG/s320/5.Their%20Rugby+Dist.1.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="198" data-original-width="320" height="198" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoWC6bGAiOtNCRWna0a3xwZGWG1j7KtZT8i7mvnJbIxTA209x9U8SWPPVP-ybnqnGpr1dhr9utRswMTrFqpXoDE6rFqMtvVNL-whPxiu2DAjdMVJqssf1HREa0oHUUyRpHEn-gFIXdra8BWzHV0V-9Epjpr3VtrVxmayqN426t872zM6sHVUrLFuJbvAEG/s1600/5.Their%20Rugby+Dist.1.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Insurance underwriter inventories of 1892 indicate that the distillery was frame with a metal or slate roof. The property included four warehouses, all brick with metal or slate roofs:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Warehouse A<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>was located 62 feet south of the still; Warehouse B, 66 feet SE;<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Warehouse C, 80 feet east of the still, and Warehouse D,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>84 feet east. The warehouses were all heated "not over 80 degrees”. In total, the Rugby Distillery had a daily mashing capacity of 400 bushels of grain and storage capacity for 35,000 barrels of aging whiskey. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The property also contained a cattle barn.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Owning these two distilleries and having a significant financial interest in the John T. Barbee & Company distillery in Woodford County, Kentucky, had thrust Thierman from a whiskey dealer, buying his stock from others, almost overnight into a major force in the Louisville distilling community.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A report in the 1895 publication <i>“Louisville of Today” </i>enthused:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i> “With these exceptionally fine facilities for the production of high grade whiskies, the company transacts an immense business, broadly distributed over the whole of the United States, the total of which average $750,000 each year.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i> Thierman had become a self-made millionair<i>e.</i></span></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivuST5DpQmpNiCUKilQ0qzT6V_mYO9rGFi0if6rbS1oD8nTm7XE17PaQeN3JbRRnuB8EA9HOWTXRM3a_0cJAXID230aY5-8BvUGsGT1VGL1_mJMxmNZYU7Z4JFmQ4POwb30Fa_EkpVSBzwVsEUPhJzkAWznVvY-jHiNFCx8palm2C4Za2WDv1fmFcggYQD/s200/6.%20Indian%20Hill%20postepro-%20R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="200" data-original-width="105" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivuST5DpQmpNiCUKilQ0qzT6V_mYO9rGFi0if6rbS1oD8nTm7XE17PaQeN3JbRRnuB8EA9HOWTXRM3a_0cJAXID230aY5-8BvUGsGT1VGL1_mJMxmNZYU7Z4JFmQ4POwb30Fa_EkpVSBzwVsEUPhJzkAWznVvY-jHiNFCx8palm2C4Za2WDv1fmFcggYQD/s1600/6.%20Indian%20Hill%20postepro-%20R.jpg" width="105" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">His company claimed three names as its proprietary labels,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>“Belle of </span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Jefferson,”Mayflower,” and “Indian Hill.”</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">It would register their trademarks in 1902.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Shown here, the label for Indian Hill Whiskey showed the silhouette of a Native American watching from a hillside.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">More interesting, as shown below, were the heads of two Indian chiefs and the “bas relief” lettering of “Indian Hill” bourbon whiskey” embossed on the bottles.</span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRiv6ivdX7fhK8hbPsdLiSkBUHuFtDRyHgo-9QENPZ-pnW7-GPXN-vSQ7kT658tbJY2znw4xjRzgtg4l0nN5upxQX_8m2sWiYTrLcwofPlUoMWC6IrsnZak5aKbXdbXBoGJktypaFc9X5pZ6Abb81Goz4Q3mxlHZoehwIAN_DBf6ZVjXcpAWkrqKoX6emZ/s320/7.%20Cates+Indian+Hill.jpg%20ACL.jpg" style="clear: left; font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="286" data-original-width="320" height="179" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRiv6ivdX7fhK8hbPsdLiSkBUHuFtDRyHgo-9QENPZ-pnW7-GPXN-vSQ7kT658tbJY2znw4xjRzgtg4l0nN5upxQX_8m2sWiYTrLcwofPlUoMWC6IrsnZak5aKbXdbXBoGJktypaFc9X5pZ6Abb81Goz4Q3mxlHZoehwIAN_DBf6ZVjXcpAWkrqKoX6emZ/w200-h179/7.%20Cates+Indian+Hill.jpg%20ACL.jpg" width="200" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLY8ntR64oVWWGYFdpiSWJJBir8l_8s460_-bkcKjIBG8-YFcieZpWK8HaG4sF_1mjQPvvdasp-t2hxJw_MW24E6heAwMXpaOpv9asOd6xi0knw-xt9pEY9RQGMqXGsNUdRgj19QmN3DER6TSD-kpbnTuEohjpUrRcuogBDElli-Dhsm-iRJEiefFxvtbV/s266/8.%20Indian%20Hill%201.jpg-ACR.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="266" data-original-width="176" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLY8ntR64oVWWGYFdpiSWJJBir8l_8s460_-bkcKjIBG8-YFcieZpWK8HaG4sF_1mjQPvvdasp-t2hxJw_MW24E6heAwMXpaOpv9asOd6xi0knw-xt9pEY9RQGMqXGsNUdRgj19QmN3DER6TSD-kpbnTuEohjpUrRcuogBDElli-Dhsm-iRJEiefFxvtbV/w132-h200/8.%20Indian%20Hill%201.jpg-ACR.jpg" width="132" /></a></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">During the late 1800s, Thierman, using the substantial profits of the distilleries, bought Louisville’s Garvey Hotel as another investment.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Shown here as it looked initially, the hotel has survived through the years, renamed “The Normandy,” and is an attractive lodging currently.</span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"><br /></span></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3CoZxScuzVmMZrb9YDM9S6msUa54EO3Iky-APNK6CVBsj27_hyY_UzEanW82Pv8Zn0le8YlB4rU22NqY-opQsYH0PH0Nrl9z7Enh7OLxAWXJz8rhgo2zp9Zk9GccEs3eNBhmbgsmqDrmdCjPpPDf1bnAmAhLeNkywoZzN56CdOpwT0nwn6Xf89TvxUQl7/s600/9a.%20Garveys-Hote.jpeg-%20ACL.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="600" data-original-width="600" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3CoZxScuzVmMZrb9YDM9S6msUa54EO3Iky-APNK6CVBsj27_hyY_UzEanW82Pv8Zn0le8YlB4rU22NqY-opQsYH0PH0Nrl9z7Enh7OLxAWXJz8rhgo2zp9Zk9GccEs3eNBhmbgsmqDrmdCjPpPDf1bnAmAhLeNkywoZzN56CdOpwT0nwn6Xf89TvxUQl7/s320/9a.%20Garveys-Hote.jpeg-%20ACL.jpeg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEho0hZ6Mgk0KbMqzDyd3SFiT7xEhJFsME1aJhstt6rVVfhXyJH23e8c-NQEViYa9Llkl0Phc5uJsyatDNx0m75TTrzUscIAzBXKWtL7Jv9N_McTyKzEcMaTvBJZDf5WqNEzl7qECn83Yt0x2H2Dip5SQiJ-55IcU0g96-ylPHsYISFD1wA6u9peky927dP4/s601/9c.%20News%20story-%20L.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="414" data-original-width="601" height="138" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEho0hZ6Mgk0KbMqzDyd3SFiT7xEhJFsME1aJhstt6rVVfhXyJH23e8c-NQEViYa9Llkl0Phc5uJsyatDNx0m75TTrzUscIAzBXKWtL7Jv9N_McTyKzEcMaTvBJZDf5WqNEzl7qECn83Yt0x2H2Dip5SQiJ-55IcU0g96-ylPHsYISFD1wA6u9peky927dP4/w200-h138/9c.%20News%20story-%20L.jpg" width="200" /></a><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Time, however, was running out for Henry Thierman. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Reputedly having contacted </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">the flu, called “grip,” he first showed symptoms after Christmas 1900, when he was 65.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Never hospitalized, his condition, initially not thought serious, took a turn in early February.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">According to Thierman’s newspaper obituary, doctors warned that his recovery would be unlikely.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">He lingered several more days before dying at home on February 15, 1901. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Thierman was buried in Louisville’s Cave Hill Cemetery, the grounds where so many Kentucky “whiskey barons” are interred. He lies in Section P, Lot 25. Below is the monument and headstone memorializing this immigrant boy who rose to the pinnacle of Kentucky’s distilling hierarchy.</span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiu0JP6lyrq4uNQkG6KMe9At1QWWzETBH1WmHtXN0QCWf8xJmZFaCrgIbfeACFxItXumeAXhArK8UZMO0w-WTCA58zUjRHRwLGjcq80tkSUbT2GotMmWSlgOwjWCVtuS1pIUVFxyii-Q0ESzEjYlwx4dzGDjBrTUgV8GBQwWRql23UOoxDKqqhD6MOlN2XJ/s2045/9e.grave%20stone.jpeg-ACR.jpeg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1397" data-original-width="2045" height="137" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiu0JP6lyrq4uNQkG6KMe9At1QWWzETBH1WmHtXN0QCWf8xJmZFaCrgIbfeACFxItXumeAXhArK8UZMO0w-WTCA58zUjRHRwLGjcq80tkSUbT2GotMmWSlgOwjWCVtuS1pIUVFxyii-Q0ESzEjYlwx4dzGDjBrTUgV8GBQwWRql23UOoxDKqqhD6MOlN2XJ/w200-h137/9e.grave%20stone.jpeg-ACR.jpeg" width="200" /></a><span class="s1"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwORvt5DRr2EpNIh2r2aNhxCw6WK_9qSksytxhUxZU9OJf_w2gri3OOhECD3HFBYgb1IU4YaLygIj42tNss_eV_Z6N7Cz1rfWRwanPOgPzVrg6imScYrR4935D3r9x8TyYHZPa77zmFq6IbMG_RNg3wJlYoV60198oV_QyVuhUJI7ReSO59Cd_WaIGO8R0/s780/9d.%20Their.%20memorial.jpg-%20ACL.jpg" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="780" data-original-width="281" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwORvt5DRr2EpNIh2r2aNhxCw6WK_9qSksytxhUxZU9OJf_w2gri3OOhECD3HFBYgb1IU4YaLygIj42tNss_eV_Z6N7Cz1rfWRwanPOgPzVrg6imScYrR4935D3r9x8TyYHZPa77zmFq6IbMG_RNg3wJlYoV60198oV_QyVuhUJI7ReSO59Cd_WaIGO8R0/w72-h200/9d.%20Their.%20memorial.jpg-%20ACL.jpg" width="72" /></a></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvDjcB0lRsMsH4XS0E9ZJNFYmwFVGL0sucVvVGAx88D4cSpBDOQSob-anNkn4jsNLwim5yjQVNyQuyTcXY9i0btopnrPvMpAWkVTsKQLzXvp_q49I3waWNKYJk5jWnkZbc8XpzUNgX3q4GxelynxeAwRuFm_vLP40LngFc9CVPWJWKU2-oub7aaNEjSqCu/s383/9f.%20Ruedeman%20at%20Thierman.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="383" data-original-width="231" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvDjcB0lRsMsH4XS0E9ZJNFYmwFVGL0sucVvVGAx88D4cSpBDOQSob-anNkn4jsNLwim5yjQVNyQuyTcXY9i0btopnrPvMpAWkVTsKQLzXvp_q49I3waWNKYJk5jWnkZbc8XpzUNgX3q4GxelynxeAwRuFm_vLP40LngFc9CVPWJWKU2-oub7aaNEjSqCu/w121-h200/9f.%20Ruedeman%20at%20Thierman.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="121" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Ruedeman almost immediately stepped in as president of the H.A. Thierman</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> Company, assisted by Babbit.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">He was active in the Louisville business community as a member of the Board of Trade, Commercial Club and the Masons.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">His caricature appeared along with other prominent figures, with a bowling ball and a pot belly.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The uncomplimentary likeness cannot have pleased his wife, Elizabeth.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">She was living with their five children, Mary Louise, Dora, Henry, Ernest and William in a spacious home provided by her husband in an upscale neighborhood at 109 West Ormsby Avenue, shown below.</span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMKqURz3FKnKIL8Qu7Zcrh-J49fNuYjxhYW7f1F5moQU7xkhyphenhyphen31jScc0582fq870sJ46ZCKE3LNRy_57jXGuc4TjDwdyXahdlcQL2CQRP2hzAaqBRR3dAmI5mGA3Z8lr7CHkU9OZ-5GjD6dNMkFF9ePDoLu62ZxkApJoOrpknPu8he2evxZ2muk8_3K4m-/s706/9g.Ruede.%20house109%20W.%20Ormsby%20Av.-%20L.jpg" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="612" data-original-width="706" height="277" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMKqURz3FKnKIL8Qu7Zcrh-J49fNuYjxhYW7f1F5moQU7xkhyphenhyphen31jScc0582fq870sJ46ZCKE3LNRy_57jXGuc4TjDwdyXahdlcQL2CQRP2hzAaqBRR3dAmI5mGA3Z8lr7CHkU9OZ-5GjD6dNMkFF9ePDoLu62ZxkApJoOrpknPu8he2evxZ2muk8_3K4m-/s320/9g.Ruede.%20house109%20W.%20Ormsby%20Av.-%20L.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">From the beginning Ruedeman demonstrated competent management of the H. A. Thierman Company. Throughout the early 1900s, however, he was facing increasingly strong prohibitionary forces that cut sharply into company profitability. Moreover, the Ohio River floods of 1913 were a disaster for the company’s Rugby Distillery.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A warehouse containing 3,460 barrels of prime bourbon collapsed and was inundated.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Although most of the whiskey was saved, many barrels were damaged and 200 barrels were a complete loss. In the aftermath of the flood, Ruedeman decided only partially to rebuild the distillery.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgB80mpE-7Dl5kgtyy0Cuyaxk6_7B9XH2JFPQf_AQCey7KmsxrpuE0gbkNTcJ2Zng0RB1PSoR9hI5wjCbbgoHmlizMYVGiVVvlCiF2v9RmD0UtUbvZjQAlskdYmpXUxSq9AhKVYScGS0KTXvkljDCZe9foJLCkI2YrZTfS4LI2aa5-SqDp6QpV1L3KVJWxY/s2663/9h.Ruede.%20grave.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2663" data-original-width="2454" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgB80mpE-7Dl5kgtyy0Cuyaxk6_7B9XH2JFPQf_AQCey7KmsxrpuE0gbkNTcJ2Zng0RB1PSoR9hI5wjCbbgoHmlizMYVGiVVvlCiF2v9RmD0UtUbvZjQAlskdYmpXUxSq9AhKVYScGS0KTXvkljDCZe9foJLCkI2YrZTfS4LI2aa5-SqDp6QpV1L3KVJWxY/w184-h200/9h.Ruede.%20grave.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="184" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Ruedeman’s health began to falter as he enter his 60s and he died 1918 at the age of 64.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The coroner’s verdict was “softening of the brain,” i.e. dementia.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He was buried in Cave Hill Cemetery not far from Thierman’s grave.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Meanwhile, with National Prohibition looming, the distillery was shuttered.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>After 1920 the site was vacated and its structures were allowed to fall into disrepair.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">This sad ending does not, however, tarnish the reputations of two enterprising German youths who emigrated to the United States and over 32 years together built a Kentucky liquor house and distillery enterprise capable of generating the current annual equivalent of some $37 million dollars. Youthful immigrants Henry Thierman and William Ruedeman had become true Kentucky whiskey royalty.</span></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><b style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Note:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">This post has been compiled from a wide range of sources, of which the two most important were the 1895 publication </span><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">“Louisville of Today,” </i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">and the </span><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Louisville Courier Journal</i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> obituary of Thierman, dated February 16, 1900. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></p><p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;">
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</p><p class="p1"><span class="s1"><span style="font-size: medium;"><i><b>Afterword:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b>For years I have tried to post a new story on this website every four days.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>As time goes by and having achieved 1,127 entries,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> now </span>approach 89 years, finding good new stories of pre-Prohibition whiskey becomes increasingly more difficult and time consuming.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>As a result, in the future I will attempt to post every six days, beginning with the next entry.</i></span><span class="Apple-converted-space"><span style="font-size: medium;"><i> </i> </span> </span></span></p>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJ2fi3zPOO9m4mhi4h2CHD7wzeyx4gq-N7DlqA1adle7UfhGrjX1H6EvxD_Q7HyodKAWKfEEI-cSsEE0QOzR7egkB5GbtB03txS7-WbKqALrtCsa0KzsmHiKlT2xK0Oor9Nv-ioLbpv1C74hwY8i5dwy9RSkwUsX64MLwGrq0k5kIRXnuAoJ-WdPVOp8ow/s1004/1.%20Evansville%20in%201900s.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="579" data-original-width="1004" height="185" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJ2fi3zPOO9m4mhi4h2CHD7wzeyx4gq-N7DlqA1adle7UfhGrjX1H6EvxD_Q7HyodKAWKfEEI-cSsEE0QOzR7egkB5GbtB03txS7-WbKqALrtCsa0KzsmHiKlT2xK0Oor9Nv-ioLbpv1C74hwY8i5dwy9RSkwUsX64MLwGrq0k5kIRXnuAoJ-WdPVOp8ow/s320/1.%20Evansville%20in%201900s.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"> </span></span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p class="p2"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span class="s2"><span style="font-size: medium;">Wholesale Liquor dealer Van Pickerill played duel roles when statewide prohibition descended on Evansville, Indiana, first as a perpetrator of schemes to get around the law and second as the star witness against a bootlegging ring led by the city’s police chief.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>For coming clean he was attacked in court by the attorney for the police chief with a torrent of ugly names and accusations.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Nonetheless Pickerill appears to have walked away from the criminal proceedings a free man and able to launch a new life.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1"><span class="s2"><span style="font-size: medium;">Indiana, a state that had been reliably “wet,” in 1906 passed a local option prohibitionary law.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>That act did not still the drumbeat for altogether banning the making and sales of alcohol. In 1918 the Indiana Legislature passed a statewide liquor ban and the governor signed.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The law took effect on April 12, 1919.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
<p class="p2"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8P8Olkq_N2pBvRHgmsFh7rB435qhUNGwmsvDnuGjgvg75qzVGPR2LN9NVuyIMeJfO_S2tdwKb6nqpdFnaiK2ql4GPvhWP_tb1HyYcKRnyTmkUp2A13E2UqIXQciK6dm5cMhhaSu4ergJ8PjFSI8Xg9LLVB6J5Q3fXZAZ7Sejdg3JbrGfytTXvA8xWqjfZ/s242/3.%20Poice%20Chief%20Edgar_schmitt.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="242" data-original-width="175" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8P8Olkq_N2pBvRHgmsFh7rB435qhUNGwmsvDnuGjgvg75qzVGPR2LN9NVuyIMeJfO_S2tdwKb6nqpdFnaiK2ql4GPvhWP_tb1HyYcKRnyTmkUp2A13E2UqIXQciK6dm5cMhhaSu4ergJ8PjFSI8Xg9LLVB6J5Q3fXZAZ7Sejdg3JbrGfytTXvA8xWqjfZ/w145-h200/3.%20Poice%20Chief%20Edgar_schmitt.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="145" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEXkEljsrnX-YwEPoFpI5mwn3prudU5vmOCTydbi8yoNCjqEe1uF9kLGFywZiEorgzJBHNkI2wR-LWQfqwbR1sNHWi6EjwlKEjI0_YTz7AyUErK57o0LasvtxVNbwvRzNeT57A_PCv9fQ9JURzBPjTSPkDNlzowanHdkLU5MZMjGSHve8bo2sEmrPq1oEo/s690/2.%20Mayor%20Bosse.jpg-%20L.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="690" data-original-width="567" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEXkEljsrnX-YwEPoFpI5mwn3prudU5vmOCTydbi8yoNCjqEe1uF9kLGFywZiEorgzJBHNkI2wR-LWQfqwbR1sNHWi6EjwlKEjI0_YTz7AyUErK57o0LasvtxVNbwvRzNeT57A_PCv9fQ9JURzBPjTSPkDNlzowanHdkLU5MZMjGSHve8bo2sEmrPq1oEo/w164-h200/2.%20Mayor%20Bosse.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="164" /></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2">Political pushback against the “dry” law in Evansville led to the</span></span><span class="s2" style="font-size: large;"> re-election of Mayor Benjamin Bosse, shown left.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Bosse, in turn, appointed</span><span class="s1"> </span><span class="s2" style="font-size: large;">as chief of police a previously demoted police officer and crony, Edgar Schmitt, right.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The newly minted Chief<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>announced purchase of a sleek speedboat, similar to the one shown below, ostensibly to halt smuggling of booze over the Ohio River from “wet” Henderson, Kentucky, a distance of just over eleven miles.</span></p><p class="p1"><span class="s2" style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTykcp5_QKHESZwHtXZ43TlhAdB0Ta1hsn7QqAqz9L0gJxsGhL8T3z46sN7q7rIr49NdYmcM2walq5cIK0gi9DRfkEYg0XlmZ0PNY-dd94glRVScGgMzRH2sDO-SajOC7_Rtl_xITPERvXuztibqZ8qGHuS_x2l44VGmGjIpr4cM158uy-xfTqHur5jeCj/s1605/4.%20Baby_Bootlegger.jpg-C.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="598" data-original-width="1605" height="119" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTykcp5_QKHESZwHtXZ43TlhAdB0Ta1hsn7QqAqz9L0gJxsGhL8T3z46sN7q7rIr49NdYmcM2walq5cIK0gi9DRfkEYg0XlmZ0PNY-dd94glRVScGgMzRH2sDO-SajOC7_Rtl_xITPERvXuztibqZ8qGHuS_x2l44VGmGjIpr4cM158uy-xfTqHur5jeCj/s320/4.%20Baby_Bootlegger.jpg-C.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p1"><span class="s2" style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></p>
<p class="p2"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguz3EltiTx5UpuiUW9TD25mO59gPABqXGI6aJyihXxRmJVT_snazy79I3Y5EehzsjzExywdiq-quTfXW0WmB7IYQcdU5t83UqlbCIhOXOSWnf7AdTlsk8gjBD0FnpV63EG6Oh1n9CT2J7nRxV_fgI0LB4XzGaPWUeB7jKxcB7afLqhB3Hj-F3CEI42vAH6/s440/5.%20police_headquarters_1917.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="293" data-original-width="440" height="133" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguz3EltiTx5UpuiUW9TD25mO59gPABqXGI6aJyihXxRmJVT_snazy79I3Y5EehzsjzExywdiq-quTfXW0WmB7IYQcdU5t83UqlbCIhOXOSWnf7AdTlsk8gjBD0FnpV63EG6Oh1n9CT2J7nRxV_fgI0LB4XzGaPWUeB7jKxcB7afLqhB3Hj-F3CEI42vAH6/w200-h133/5.%20police_headquarters_1917.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="200" /></a><span class="s2"><span style="font-size: medium;">The sleek vessel, named the <i>Fanola,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i> ran up and down the river, sparking press</span></span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> stories of thrilling chases.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Strangely, however, no arrests were made.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">In reality the</span><i style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> Fanola</i><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> had a far different purpose.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">With a green light from Mayor Bosse the craft was bootlegging illegal liquor from Kentucky and stashing it in the police station, shown here.</span></p>
<p class="p2"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8gSNk6tJ80nCrlZWmJ7oKiJ6twNKrqTE1PcsEm873KO1J8zHWfl2laMxacA5PHj5LvuFkNgfeIjG0uf0wLgGCo8Nmmeawoq4DP8cC-Q51hekcJASqVvu2Yykn4aLUMu8A56e0QT7B5MXVk8KuC-B1PJwJZEwnA77QF-srtrLxzoKIZ5YCs-2Qe8RTlfzf/s1365/6.%20Pickerill%20letterhead.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="1365" height="146" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8gSNk6tJ80nCrlZWmJ7oKiJ6twNKrqTE1PcsEm873KO1J8zHWfl2laMxacA5PHj5LvuFkNgfeIjG0uf0wLgGCo8Nmmeawoq4DP8cC-Q51hekcJASqVvu2Yykn4aLUMu8A56e0QT7B5MXVk8KuC-B1PJwJZEwnA77QF-srtrLxzoKIZ5YCs-2Qe8RTlfzf/w400-h146/6.%20Pickerill%20letterhead.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="p1"></p><p class="p1"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p1"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2">The new “dry” law dictated a short window of just one week for Evansville liquor dealers to get rid of their stocks or face their destruction and loss.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Pickerill, aware of this deadline,</span><span class="s1"> </span><span class="s2">as early as November 1917 began purchasing on-hand whiskey from affected dealers who were shutting down.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Just ten days before the April 18, 1918, deadline, Van Pickerill sold his Evansville liquor store and moved his stocks and an enterprise he called the Mint Springs Distillery Company to Henderson.</span></span></p><p class="p1"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p1"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnJqZ3LXWLrW2s8ILW2TwKBXusLedMJ_2dgakrV7neDSD6w6xt8DoZlWCDHskeAjc6qPX2mgqV1cBthC_JrgE__NSTjwTUatusb7qURsnY4fvjYxIBMbKD-Zue6RHNs0tT99zYOtxkTLoX3_AlnQsqZI_SAV-LoWrtumvtO7U36Hm0YfzNc_8smYR6jCuq/s720/8.%20Mint%20Spr.%20SG%202.jpg-%20ACR.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="370" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnJqZ3LXWLrW2s8ILW2TwKBXusLedMJ_2dgakrV7neDSD6w6xt8DoZlWCDHskeAjc6qPX2mgqV1cBthC_JrgE__NSTjwTUatusb7qURsnY4fvjYxIBMbKD-Zue6RHNs0tT99zYOtxkTLoX3_AlnQsqZI_SAV-LoWrtumvtO7U36Hm0YfzNc_8smYR6jCuq/w102-h200/8.%20Mint%20Spr.%20SG%202.jpg-%20ACR.jpg" width="102" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwE6YGeyR_3EQbzDX_5rVrx7wUpaXokhEfq0nCI1d37j3QusUIGB7pqW4Mef8EkFus0BHCsvylfq6RyuG-GktygqxVTvCPhPTBgQGd-4ozUMpGuZrIicRIGVMM8bNGMMppMfRybNY8IFMQoWJpc9UWuI_wZ6jEdT0vL3xvTtlTiOUjyIXioxmta0lWrQvE/s692/7.%20Mint%20Spr.SG%201.jpg-%20ACL.jpg" style="clear: left; font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="692" data-original-width="533" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwE6YGeyR_3EQbzDX_5rVrx7wUpaXokhEfq0nCI1d37j3QusUIGB7pqW4Mef8EkFus0BHCsvylfq6RyuG-GktygqxVTvCPhPTBgQGd-4ozUMpGuZrIicRIGVMM8bNGMMppMfRybNY8IFMQoWJpc9UWuI_wZ6jEdT0vL3xvTtlTiOUjyIXioxmta0lWrQvE/w154-h200/7.%20Mint%20Spr.SG%201.jpg-%20ACL.jpg" width="154" /></a></p>
<p class="p2"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span class="s2"><span style="font-size: medium;">Pickerill had been born in Custer, Breckinridge County, Kentucky, in 1879, the son of George W. and Julia Ray Pickerill. By 1910 he was recorded in Evansville directories living with a married older brother, Calvin D. Pickerill.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Although I do not have Van’s picture, a description of him exists in a WW II draft registration form. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>At age 63 he was recorded as 5 feet, 8 inches tall, weighing 140 pounds with a ruddy complexion and “salt and pepper” hair.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span class="s2"><span style="font-size: medium;">In addition to running a wholesale and retail liquor business Pickerill claimed control of a distillery near Owensboro, Kentucky, known in federal parlance as RD#2, 2nd District.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>That distillery, built in 1874 on the Ohio River, was owned and operated by long series of well known Kentucky whiskey men, including Millett, Callahan, Monarch, Medley, and Meschendorf.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Although the Pickerills likely purchased the whiskey there for their proprietary “Old Mint Springs” and “Father Time Pure Corn” whiskeys, I find no evidence of actual ownership.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
<p class="p2"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxXlsFYI5cWCx2065O8Wk4qVFEkXJIpxsV-dlMjwQ3xXmNUtqA01ME3rfoPlHkrBmHOIlbj5lvCIUG-5eBCQqytk3So5dw2HS44RzGNG95X2y_BlEKEM2ce8BK445y5rlMi_yrjzY7aCotDhwmQ4cdgrP0tVkPqmNZI8ulaZp0sJXBDMiYXU_m34epYcqA/s319/9a.%20Route.jpg-%20L.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="319" data-original-width="295" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxXlsFYI5cWCx2065O8Wk4qVFEkXJIpxsV-dlMjwQ3xXmNUtqA01ME3rfoPlHkrBmHOIlbj5lvCIUG-5eBCQqytk3So5dw2HS44RzGNG95X2y_BlEKEM2ce8BK445y5rlMi_yrjzY7aCotDhwmQ4cdgrP0tVkPqmNZI8ulaZp0sJXBDMiYXU_m34epYcqA/w185-h200/9a.%20Route.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="185" /></a><span class="s2"><span style="font-size: medium;">Despite having moved their liquor to Henderson, the Pickerill brothers continued to live in Evansville.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Both men became deeply involved in a major conspiracy by Evansville government officials and others to circumvent Indiana liquor laws.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>After the legal deadline Van Pickerill agreed to buy remaining stocks from Evansville liquor dealer Jack Hampton.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Catching wind of the sale, Chief Schmitt got there first, confiscating the booze and adding it to the stash at police headquarters.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span class="s2"><span style="font-size: medium;">Apparently recognizing that acting alone was a losing proposition given involvement of city officials in the bootlegging, Pickerill became associated with the Schmitt-Bosse whiskey ring. Beginning in January 1919 he began paying Chief Schmitt $500 a week hush money to bring liquor into Evansville.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A month later Pickerill coughed up another $1,000 to help Schmitt ostensibly bribe individuals in the sheriff’s office and clear the highway from Henderson and Evansville from surveillance by law enforcement.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Later he would give the police chief $500 to vacation with his wife in Hot Springs, Arkansas.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span class="s2"><span style="font-size: medium;">Vanderburgh County Sheriff Edgar Males and his deputies were not to be bribed.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>On February 25, 1918, they went into hiding along the Evansville docks. As Schmitt’s bootlegging <i>Fanola </i>docked and tied up, Sheriff Males and his men stepped out of the shadows.<i><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>“Hello Sheriff,”</i> greeted the boat’s mechanic. <i>“What do you want down here?”</i><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Males’ response was short and stunning: <i>“You’re under arrest,”</i> directed to the police boat’s four crewmen.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Search of the vessel revealed more than 100 cases of whiskey of whiskey aboard.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The Evansville conspiracy had begun to erode.</span></span></p><p class="p1"><span class="s2"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNSvurz__0Vhb9G-3UDpr4npttUZ4mE4EnIw3cDgTL1PfE6kBqMEkYs3XvLcpCp6hiNd1-pu6n9sGW7UcXbocIhL8F7GMC47yTWdePc_asJEGJ8J62TvT1OVXtcl1WhliWsoTyjmz9XRgI0t8ro86SC6m-FK93_t8F6PX2wmP6xxmg8wH0RUwkHGMuXsT_/s1080/9b.%20hearse.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="613" data-original-width="1080" height="182" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNSvurz__0Vhb9G-3UDpr4npttUZ4mE4EnIw3cDgTL1PfE6kBqMEkYs3XvLcpCp6hiNd1-pu6n9sGW7UcXbocIhL8F7GMC47yTWdePc_asJEGJ8J62TvT1OVXtcl1WhliWsoTyjmz9XRgI0t8ro86SC6m-FK93_t8F6PX2wmP6xxmg8wH0RUwkHGMuXsT_/w320-h182/9b.%20hearse.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">The Booze-toting Hearse</td></tr></tbody></table><p class="p1"><span class="s2"></span></p>
<p class="p2"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span class="s2"><span style="font-size: medium;">Meanwhile the Pickerills were having their own problems with honest lawmen. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Seven weeks after the<i> Fanola</i> raid, the brothers attempted to bring in a stash of bootleg whiskey to the Henderson dock in a hearse, shown below, where the liquor was to be picked up by boat and brought to them via the river,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>They had calculated that the vehicle would not attract undue notice.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>They had not considered that a hearse being unloaded on a dock might be considered unusual.<i> “Hearses as a rule, when loaded, do not stop at wharfs,”</i> one Henderson policeman told the press. The officers took photographs and noified Sheriff Males. The liquor shipment was tracked via a loaded taxicab to the home of Calvin Pickerill.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>There deputies discovered 49 gallons of whiskey.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Calvin was arrested and later fined $100 and given a one month jail sentence.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
<p class="p2"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgW-hitEaJ0vJxCu70oIlVZhx9oVRq-tOVHVlc6SM1GukKu8P-hDoij50xMM_a4ctVEVwKSKmmHAUrLr14_ASSSoF1iutqtRjAg55IAvIhUbh_O8wYf0vzmDTi-MBFfURMBJ2B84PSV2EooH-wTrBZwkXVuiAXWVWTYkb2IxIRNObm9zoDafPO2FsSTSHjd/s217/9d.%20220px-Lemuel_Ertus_Slack.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="217" data-original-width="170" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgW-hitEaJ0vJxCu70oIlVZhx9oVRq-tOVHVlc6SM1GukKu8P-hDoij50xMM_a4ctVEVwKSKmmHAUrLr14_ASSSoF1iutqtRjAg55IAvIhUbh_O8wYf0vzmDTi-MBFfURMBJ2B84PSV2EooH-wTrBZwkXVuiAXWVWTYkb2IxIRNObm9zoDafPO2FsSTSHjd/w157-h200/9d.%20220px-Lemuel_Ertus_Slack.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="157" /></a><span class="s2"><span style="font-size: medium;">The Evansville conspirators had another major setback when the investigation was</span></span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> taken out of the Indiana courts and pursued at the Federal level.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Although National Prohibition was still months off, the Webb-Kenyon Act, passed by Congress in 1913, had survived multiple court challenges and was in full force.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The law made it a federal offense to export whiskey from a “wet” state into a “dry” one.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The lead investigator was Lemuel Ertus “Ert" Slack. shown right, a smooth but hard-nosed U.S. attorney.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">(Slack later became mayor of Indianapolis.) A grand jury was empaneled under the watchful eye of Federal Judge A.B. Anderson.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p class="p2"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkEXnnNyZJoUiI-9OoXkiparpxtZIlGZeSqG77VcQkj2p1Bt8dJVwx714liGp73KVv3ezRo5Cw3k4CX8y5bg-RVOUrW-vFeBfMuKrAX5ap5O2_gmmiTXiku0H_s7TPblzz0-YqkkkMW1vXDfACxf5m6TMUNVfFL_fa6dPs6ZnP_89JZIr8xAbrHzo0hACs/s327/9e.%20Judge-_Anderson.jpg-%20L.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="327" data-original-width="220" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkEXnnNyZJoUiI-9OoXkiparpxtZIlGZeSqG77VcQkj2p1Bt8dJVwx714liGp73KVv3ezRo5Cw3k4CX8y5bg-RVOUrW-vFeBfMuKrAX5ap5O2_gmmiTXiku0H_s7TPblzz0-YqkkkMW1vXDfACxf5m6TMUNVfFL_fa6dPs6ZnP_89JZIr8xAbrHzo0hACs/w134-h200/9e.%20Judge-_Anderson.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="134" /></a><span class="s2"><span style="font-size: medium;">Judge Anderson, left, gave no doubt to his stance: <i>"A person cannot sit here in court like I have for several years hearing these cases unless he is a prohibitionist,…I am one and I am here to tell you I am in favor of prohibition, as it is the only way to have decent government. The saloonkeepers, by their action in the corruption of city officials sworn to do their duty, have compelled the citizens to bring on prohibition. "The cure of the thing is to cut it off at the very root and that is what prohibition does.”</i></span></span></p>
<p class="p2"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"><i></i></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span class="s2"><span style="font-size: medium;">Meanwhile Pickerill was increasingly concerned about his own role in the bootlegging conspiracy.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He heard rumors that the judge was going to call a witness who would bring his name into the inquiry and asked a<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>police co-conspirator to try to stop the informant. The effort failed.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Knowing well his brother’s fate, Van made a feint to get out of liquor trafficking by buying an Evansville hardware store, shown below.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He renamed it the Van Pickerill Hardware Company.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The move considerably alarmed the bootlegging cabal.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Chief Schmitt and Mayor Bosse paid a visit to Pickerill and, according to a report, “tried some tactics” to insure his silence.</span></span></p><p class="p1"><span class="s2"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLc_NtiVkBG-fm_B3zCK2GfQ6owsMEtWR83CmeqoS62xqC5tUx4NkpLALVyF9u2Gq97O3p1qRQj-zYuoQ7OGhqAz12RsG80QBh_TgQMDJFLTBfOt126h4A4_D7YV7fpBmAg0i5nQW1QWHStLsxYmay6xN9kwaMEzTjdd2IfCSfepC-5-ScFnH0S6AaB0Bi/s1151/9c.%20Van%20P%20Building.%201920png-%20C.png" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="876" data-original-width="1151" height="245" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLc_NtiVkBG-fm_B3zCK2GfQ6owsMEtWR83CmeqoS62xqC5tUx4NkpLALVyF9u2Gq97O3p1qRQj-zYuoQ7OGhqAz12RsG80QBh_TgQMDJFLTBfOt126h4A4_D7YV7fpBmAg0i5nQW1QWHStLsxYmay6xN9kwaMEzTjdd2IfCSfepC-5-ScFnH0S6AaB0Bi/w320-h245/9c.%20Van%20P%20Building.%201920png-%20C.png" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p1"><span class="s2"></span></p>
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<p class="p1"><span class="s2"><span style="font-size: medium;">My guess is that by that time, Van had decided to “come clean.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In 1912 at age 33 he had married Mary E. Walsh, a local Evansville woman.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The couple would have two sons, Van F., born in 1904 and<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>James Frederick “Jay” born in 1906.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The thought of a conviction and federal prison, away from family, must have been terrifying to Pickerill.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He began to meet quietly with U.S. Attorney Slack.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span class="s2"><span style="font-size: medium;">Pickerill became the prosecution’s “star witness” against the conspiracy.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>It is not evident that he testified in open court, although he gave a detailed a formal deposition.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>All traces of what Pickerill revealed to authorities and a grand jury somehow have disappeared.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>It is clear, however, that he disclosed names, dates and illegal activities in considerable detail.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span class="s2"><span style="font-size: medium;">During the June 1920 trial the defendants attempted to make Pickerill the culprit. Police Chief<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Schmitt’s attorney, Thomas Duncan of Evansville, charged that Pickerill had been the mastermind of the illegal liquor trafficking, referring to him as a “moral leper,” “serpent,” and “arch conspirator.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Evansville would never be decent as long as the Pickerills were free to walk about the city, Duncan admonished the grand jury. Those who had implicated the police chief, he said, were “the lower scum of society.”</span></span></p>
<p class="p2"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span class="s2"><span style="font-size: medium;">Duncan’s bombast had no effect. The jurors found Edgar Schmitt guilty on all counts of importing liquor from Henderson into Indiana, a clear violation of the Webb-Kenyon Act.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Judge Anderson sentenced the police chief to two years in the federal prison in Atlanta and fined him $2,000 and court costs.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Of the 67 defendants, Schmitt’s punishment was the most severe. Of those charged and sentenced, 62 pled guilty and five others were found guilty.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Of an additional 11 accused of being implicated, two had fled arrest and not been found. Nine others were discharged by the judge.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Pickerill appears to have walked away a free man. Despite accusations that Mayor Bosse had received bootleg whiskey worth thousands, he was not indicted.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Two years later Bosse died in office at 47 years old, a victim of lobar pneumonia.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span class="s2"><span style="font-size: medium;">One of Pickerill’s first moves after the trial was to sell the hardware business and building he had purchased in his futile attempt to disguise himself as a legitimate businessman.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The structure, however, continued to be called the Pickerill Building.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Despite any animosity they might have encountered in Evansville from the friends and family of those convicted, the Pickerills continued to live there.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>With his brother Calvin working as a salesman, Van opened an Evansville music store, replacing booze with Beethoven, Bach and Brahms.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1"><span class="s2"><span style="font-size: medium;">Apparently tiring of Evansville and the music business, Pickerill in 1933 moved to Springfield, Illinois.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Under the name Van Pickerill & Sons, for a short time he became a gasoline wholesaler and distributor.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The liquor business, however,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>continued to have a hold on him. With the end of National Prohibition in 1934, Pickerill went to work as a local sales representative for the legendary “Pappy” Van Winkle of the Stitzel-Weller Distillery in Louisville, below.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A decade later, with his sons, Van F. and James “Jay,”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Pickerill opened his own wholesale liquor house.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The business rapidly found success in Springfield and Pickerill gained a reputation as a leader in the liquor trade, becoming a co-founder of the National Wine and Spirits Association.</span></span></p><p class="p1"><span class="s2"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnQT25tFkuxDjBhF83EHLGNcJyw1WtgZTnf4x3thJrsfjkBQkC_dXeDgPUlrsGyaO4uEXFLk4xPfbjxpCpdKHy4Vgp0NahGD6XBA9w_0Vphg7pYxp4fOwp73dNT-0gwjA0d6gJq04vm-Xd-YpJD1WYi_YyG1Q6X9wIl9v5FWPEv8KuGMl_Aj2PNwfRTXMY/s679/9f.%20Stitzel%20Dist..jpg-%20R.jpg" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="447" data-original-width="679" height="211" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnQT25tFkuxDjBhF83EHLGNcJyw1WtgZTnf4x3thJrsfjkBQkC_dXeDgPUlrsGyaO4uEXFLk4xPfbjxpCpdKHy4Vgp0NahGD6XBA9w_0Vphg7pYxp4fOwp73dNT-0gwjA0d6gJq04vm-Xd-YpJD1WYi_YyG1Q6X9wIl9v5FWPEv8KuGMl_Aj2PNwfRTXMY/s320/9f.%20Stitzel%20Dist..jpg-%20R.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p1"></p>
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<p class="p1"><span class="s2"><span style="font-size: medium;">Van Pickerill died in Springfield in May 1956 at the age of 76 and was buried in Springfield’s Oak Ridge Cemetery, Block 31.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>His monument and gravestone are shown below.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He had been preceded in death by son Van F., killed in a 1952 auto accident.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Continuing under the name Van Pickerill & Sons, son Jay guided the fortunes of the liquor house with notable success until his death at 63 in 1983.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A former president of the National Wine & Spirits Assn., Jay in 1981 received <i>Time Magazine’s </i>“Distinguished Wholesaler Award.” <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p><p class="p1"><span class="s2"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"><br /></span></span></span></p><p class="p1"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqe8DH5XNvZc_D8h0ZKDUCGnj0RbnUmTVnDkz7ejGJH5QDtPWmQtKRz1ix0A1wB1KSDsLMRvJHcuQeotoyw_dA8BZYmVdWYpRrSev8FGuwPG66F3AfIn5EhjgTUs6zQqeUAaZiEflE1PIE7gODAR8BGkrmqFjpDrUQttaeFx1glTHzDTc_5NdqRkboIOtd/s250/9h.%20Van%20p%20grave.jpg-%20ACR.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="135" data-original-width="250" height="108" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqe8DH5XNvZc_D8h0ZKDUCGnj0RbnUmTVnDkz7ejGJH5QDtPWmQtKRz1ix0A1wB1KSDsLMRvJHcuQeotoyw_dA8BZYmVdWYpRrSev8FGuwPG66F3AfIn5EhjgTUs6zQqeUAaZiEflE1PIE7gODAR8BGkrmqFjpDrUQttaeFx1glTHzDTc_5NdqRkboIOtd/w200-h108/9h.%20Van%20p%20grave.jpg-%20ACR.jpg" width="200" /></a><span class="s2"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhESkTIuVm0u4HSldWkWb2huFuAAndisGuPzQyYQSMIMQXrYevKlYzEdOBRcjS43M64i5c92mST72QotR_x2F1KftIzoPKNcxz6BaPwP1IEBJian0TwmlEEgQDVsCe_0rJX3tYCOGnjMDtyvQU7XS1M5FSyW5jKfQWK4ctkiDyhu6Rbexvue6bGRLX9SDuk/s250/9g.%20Pick.%20monument.jpg-ACL.jpg" style="clear: left; font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="147" data-original-width="250" height="118" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhESkTIuVm0u4HSldWkWb2huFuAAndisGuPzQyYQSMIMQXrYevKlYzEdOBRcjS43M64i5c92mST72QotR_x2F1KftIzoPKNcxz6BaPwP1IEBJian0TwmlEEgQDVsCe_0rJX3tYCOGnjMDtyvQU7XS1M5FSyW5jKfQWK4ctkiDyhu6Rbexvue6bGRLX9SDuk/w200-h118/9g.%20Pick.%20monument.jpg-ACL.jpg" width="200" /></a></span></p>
<p class="p2"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span class="s2"><span style="font-size: medium;">Thinking about the story sketched here, I wonder when the Pickerill clan got together in later days if they ever talked at length about the moment Van Pickerill decided to “come clean” about Evansville’s dirty business and what that fateful decision had meant for him and his family.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1"><span class="s2"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>Note:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A more complete recitation of the corruption that characterized Evansville in the early 20th Century is contained in a 2022 book by R. Erick Jones,called <i>“Wide Open Evansville.”</i><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A local boy, Author Jones also has put a considerable amount of relevant material on the Internet, including a timeline of the conspiracy, from which some of this post was created.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>For more information on Pappy Van Winkle, see my post of November 22, 2014.</span></span></p>
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</style>Jack Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01499431800088809848noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6657913448535983609.post-75355981515430873602024-02-22T05:25:00.000-08:002024-02-22T08:33:19.770-08:00 The Rock and Rye Nostrum Peddlers<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1liqis-khmPm89b_3tKyGdoMUxxI0sK7vtthX6UY4yWk7KxJtCbk91zbnUYPWXo4kKrui-4CTAJ7APJGCxefDkw4k1WRR9AigWT3FLPnSduL3EM0M2UDzOHf6jAAse_tMUt3GOIw2qmvY7hBRBOPgnB7Y3NeSM4ImXho8ClNvE9L8mEtZ_Ek8ZwWC6-QV/s1600/1a.%20RnR%20label.png-%20C.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1052" data-original-width="1600" height="210" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg1liqis-khmPm89b_3tKyGdoMUxxI0sK7vtthX6UY4yWk7KxJtCbk91zbnUYPWXo4kKrui-4CTAJ7APJGCxefDkw4k1WRR9AigWT3FLPnSduL3EM0M2UDzOHf6jAAse_tMUt3GOIw2qmvY7hBRBOPgnB7Y3NeSM4ImXho8ClNvE9L8mEtZ_Ek8ZwWC6-QV/s320/1a.%20RnR%20label.png-%20C.png" width="320" /></a></div><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><i style="font-weight: bold;">Foreword:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i></span><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> On April 1, 2015, this website told the story of Nathan Van Biel and his campaign to protect his “Rye and Rock” alcoholic patent medicine. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In his efforts Van Biel claimed that those words or any variation of them were a violation of his trademark and the work of “dealers in imitation or counterfeit goods.” He pledged to prosecute anyone who tried.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Briefly reviewed here, at least four other whiskey dealers paid scant attention to Van Biel’s threats.</i></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">First a word about </span><b style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Nathan Van Biel.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> Born in Philadelphia in 1832 and by 1860 running a liquor store there, Van Biel moved to New York City in the late 1870s, opening a wine store.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Even then, however, Van Beil’s major interest was in a highly alcoholic patent medicine that in 1877 he trademarked as “Rye and Rock” with the Patent Office number of 7001. It was rock candy — large sugar crystals — dissolved in rye whiskey. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Van Biel advertised it widely as:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>“<i>The great tonic sure cure for malarial diseases,”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i> — an easily made claim since at the time no one had a clue about what caused malaria.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He also touted this nostrum as a remedy for asthma, coughs, colds, bronchitis, consumption (TB) and even diphtheria.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>His attractive ads and trade cards, however, also contained a dire wanting.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Considering himself the “father” of Rock and Rye, he declared: <i>“I assumed a father’s responsibility for the article…Infringements will be prosecuted and consumers<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>and dealers will take notice.”</i></span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><i><br /></i></span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFHMyD3jCI8GlL-0hY6F1d_PrpRMcXC8F5ycFzihrKC1AWKUbxH3iOfUNCkYj3T-BfQtiUWRG7zsCxnvQpRQpOVRgYtVnKSAk_RhXsFs1ipYW6QFw1BdbAcWOdD4mNdSs7pOS0EHYYSwmo-futVHKkgNRX8sQkWLRaGKwX_AOmhPAmIxKi3t3dmVksSIKo/s1074/2.%20VB%20ad.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1074" data-original-width="871" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFHMyD3jCI8GlL-0hY6F1d_PrpRMcXC8F5ycFzihrKC1AWKUbxH3iOfUNCkYj3T-BfQtiUWRG7zsCxnvQpRQpOVRgYtVnKSAk_RhXsFs1ipYW6QFw1BdbAcWOdD4mNdSs7pOS0EHYYSwmo-futVHKkgNRX8sQkWLRaGKwX_AOmhPAmIxKi3t3dmVksSIKo/w163-h200/2.%20VB%20ad.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="163" /></a><span class="s1"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpxXKOTloYBVd617qRgw_F2fWp2Na6mcu826Wr2CvNRGUeK1IiwJ24pJ1fO9EraolitNAvEfeepaiCAfKOJAFatgCYbxlg8eEgxPNzbqOwGlkSPemIW0LoQXmpUyqt8tt2KsPLha6dpVHTzcMgem6HKIhPHBs0-Ai3__m0ZAqvYPGnUBNMoB_1esPKdLVD/s1500/1b.%20VB%20TC%20.JPG-L.JPG" style="clear: left; font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1500" data-original-width="1132" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpxXKOTloYBVd617qRgw_F2fWp2Na6mcu826Wr2CvNRGUeK1IiwJ24pJ1fO9EraolitNAvEfeepaiCAfKOJAFatgCYbxlg8eEgxPNzbqOwGlkSPemIW0LoQXmpUyqt8tt2KsPLha6dpVHTzcMgem6HKIhPHBs0-Ai3__m0ZAqvYPGnUBNMoB_1esPKdLVD/w151-h200/1b.%20VB%20TC%20.JPG-L.JPG" width="151" /></a></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><i></i></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Van Beil meant his threat.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In 1880 he sued in the New York courts on the grounds that his trademarking of Rye and Rock gave him exclusive right to the words, in any combination, including “rock and rye.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>His target was an enterprise headed by <b>Henry W. Prescott,</b> who appeared in New York directories as a saloonkeeper and liquor dealer, located at 75 Chambers Street.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Prescott scoffed at Van Biel’s “fatherhood” claims.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He declared that he and his predecessors in business had been selling white rock candy dissolved in rye whiskey for at least 10 years and selling it as “Rye and Rock.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In fact, Prescott contended, for decades bartenders all over America had been doling out rock candy in rye whiskey.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He advertised his “Golden Rye and Rock” vigorously, claiming it as a remedy for coughs and lung disorders.</span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkJJxaCVGSk_Zs-eONg7_C8dCUwVUkbSSLKYPqnBjDaLOMsNDO4epRj7S2a05KeT5QvdYHI-zyzbC-O_RKUEC9rjEB_er2nxBFOsJkQVPpfqpcXDozVQ-uxwVfh4x_c3XV_-hkzxTUFlsAPEn_rQla_-YshGZ2tpcwlDjuABSUAdG2a7QzmNC2eWV747Xv/s1097/3.%20Prescott.jpg-ACL.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1097" data-original-width="697" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkJJxaCVGSk_Zs-eONg7_C8dCUwVUkbSSLKYPqnBjDaLOMsNDO4epRj7S2a05KeT5QvdYHI-zyzbC-O_RKUEC9rjEB_er2nxBFOsJkQVPpfqpcXDozVQ-uxwVfh4x_c3XV_-hkzxTUFlsAPEn_rQla_-YshGZ2tpcwlDjuABSUAdG2a7QzmNC2eWV747Xv/s320/3.%20Prescott.jpg-ACL.jpg" width="203" /></a><span class="s1"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAVypJzgDrw5HRcTx7KJAoH3Jhy8H8jXX9GTcgr_8ZRDT7DwzkO8z_bLuPP4KqhfLZ9EkjFanepkKbghXbSzv6_7LEzlB6KQzCT6xKcJaKURk8AmiWr39-TE0eei2WefbJJbFeHmz5edMZeKeVDsPH_UJIdLqyBpqZWhOVU3KT2uJzuJEASKXVqiz3Dr07/s1095/4.%20Prescott%202.jpg-ACR.jpg" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1095" data-original-width="697" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAVypJzgDrw5HRcTx7KJAoH3Jhy8H8jXX9GTcgr_8ZRDT7DwzkO8z_bLuPP4KqhfLZ9EkjFanepkKbghXbSzv6_7LEzlB6KQzCT6xKcJaKURk8AmiWr39-TE0eei2WefbJJbFeHmz5edMZeKeVDsPH_UJIdLqyBpqZWhOVU3KT2uJzuJEASKXVqiz3Dr07/s320/4.%20Prescott%202.jpg-ACR.jpg" width="204" /></a></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">True to his threats, Van Biel sued Prescott in a New York court — and lost. Unsatisfied,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>he hired a well known Gotham lawyer and appealed to the Superior Court of New York.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Those judges also failed to be impressed and sustained the lower court decision.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>They held that Van Beil had no exclusive right to “Rye and Rock” and other combinations of the words.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A New York legal journal in jest suggested that to influence the court verdict Prescott might have been <i>“dispensing his compound not at the bar alone, but also at the bench”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i></span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">In making his case, Prescott stipulated that he had never claimed an exclusive right to the use of<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>“Rye and Rock” and that it was a “common name” in the liquor trade.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>His subsequent ads for “Prescott’s Great Rye and Rock Remedy,” however, made the extravagant claim that: “<i>By the decisions in our favor in the Superior Courts, Prescott’s Rye and Rock stands pre-eminent.” <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i></span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><i></i></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Recognizing that the court decision had no such effect on Prescott’s libation, other whiskey dealers ramped up their advertising for rock candy and rye concoctions.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b>The Fernberger brothers, Solomon and Henry,</b> operated their Philadelphia liquor store at 1230 Market Street from 1871 to 1902.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>They advertised their nostrum, as shown below, as benefiting <i>“more people suffering from Colds and Lung Troubles than all the medicines combined.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i> Indeed a bold claim.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Why they chose an angry woman with an umbrella and an empty glass to illustrate their “Rock Candy and Rye Whiskey” is something of a mystery.</span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5kqx7aInYyqH0jdyEywSkhbDEnogQwOPo9ESqrukp3R4EWbJ-MjyUroidIHtlihKuSExptoXkUQUTItos0gCjLgaO1Nz3itIRC7Ef7jzP6r61aGKNF-tLSu8btdNEjQ_53jRzxcFh-l6vtBdX3knDe6xcUfoqicNM8mCU8d-ifhQW0OitH7CX_89TIwJO/s467/6.Fern%20Bros.jpg-%20ACR.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="467" data-original-width="321" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5kqx7aInYyqH0jdyEywSkhbDEnogQwOPo9ESqrukp3R4EWbJ-MjyUroidIHtlihKuSExptoXkUQUTItos0gCjLgaO1Nz3itIRC7Ef7jzP6r61aGKNF-tLSu8btdNEjQ_53jRzxcFh-l6vtBdX3knDe6xcUfoqicNM8mCU8d-ifhQW0OitH7CX_89TIwJO/s320/6.Fern%20Bros.jpg-%20ACR.jpg" width="220" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgh44WjOIhFR7MnMn6j7OmyyahBacEBeK5JAfuEbPDE910HIKsqXJOpkPuYLFezRJ4W0GrmJSgbdzl8KBGN6-uq6TAcBgIezio2TYFgdnqbqB6q9VhQOJnn0DXuzPAShdazyTbn3h3wSQ55sXOZ-VmRW5hyphenhyphenhjNpnmBRR9KtKDBQdEIhxlID6SQRxvhxHfK3/s768/5.%20Fernberger%20Bros%20%20Phillyjpg-%20ACL.jpg" style="clear: left; font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="580" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgh44WjOIhFR7MnMn6j7OmyyahBacEBeK5JAfuEbPDE910HIKsqXJOpkPuYLFezRJ4W0GrmJSgbdzl8KBGN6-uq6TAcBgIezio2TYFgdnqbqB6q9VhQOJnn0DXuzPAShdazyTbn3h3wSQ55sXOZ-VmRW5hyphenhyphenhjNpnmBRR9KtKDBQdEIhxlID6SQRxvhxHfK3/w242-h320/5.%20Fernberger%20Bros%20%20Phillyjpg-%20ACL.jpg" width="242" /></a></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">A second Fernberger trade card was more subdued.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>It shows a couple sitting check-to-cheek, reading a paper headlined<i> “Pure Liquors for Medicinal Use.”</i></span></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">This trade card added throat diseases to the promised cures.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A third card, not shown here,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>depicted a train conductor asleep on a train with his mouth open and his head in his left hand.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>What this image had to do with the Fernberger’s elixir is not clear.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>C. B. Barrett & Company</b> was a Boston liquor dealership that<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>sought to cash in on the Rock and Rye decision.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Located at 46 North Market Street, it differed from the crowd by identifying the whiskey in its elixir as “Hermitage Rye.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>That was a well-respected and popular brand produced by the W. A. Gaines Company of Frankfort, Kentucky.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Heavily advertised on its own, Hermitage Rye likely resinated with many in the drinking public. By combining it with Barrett’s rock candy, the result was advertised as a “s<i>tandard remedy for all diseases of the throat & lungs…The Only Original & Genuine Article.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i></span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><i><span class="Apple-converted-space"><br /></span></i></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsD3MGAGVQT9AQGT9z91q3ZV7eUqwHJscXIWVkMzDwELPsFJTe2NMaeQPX_rIyuSDt9l4mdkf8DfWEY_xeCk1oMb-UrtYWOItme-T-WNnD-YkFSnNqsRAZltD5HZEhkVu_T75xm09CPp5TOIWJFhjtvBkzxYm1d4CxQQdwhlEtrjT_e2NBRdj7kaL-BPuM/s850/7.%20Barrett%20TC.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="510" data-original-width="850" height="192" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsD3MGAGVQT9AQGT9z91q3ZV7eUqwHJscXIWVkMzDwELPsFJTe2NMaeQPX_rIyuSDt9l4mdkf8DfWEY_xeCk1oMb-UrtYWOItme-T-WNnD-YkFSnNqsRAZltD5HZEhkVu_T75xm09CPp5TOIWJFhjtvBkzxYm1d4CxQQdwhlEtrjT_e2NBRdj7kaL-BPuM/s320/7.%20Barrett%20TC.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><i></i></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">That message was carried by a slightly naughty trade card for “Barrett’s Rock Candy and Hermitage Rye,” showing a male, likely the master of the household, making an advance on a serving girl.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Given the close proximity of their mouths,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>one hopes neither has a disease of the throat or lungs.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Two other Barrett trade cards, below, had a milder flavor, one depicting bearded youths enjoying a snort. Note the chap on the card at right, apparently sleeping off Barrett’s elixir.</span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdCIczhOPoiO2RpnBY_SpP4aM4-LOMFv9qKwQIxMmjf92B9zTMKik7iuX_je5aNNKOBPE5IM1YyM8LMHuhuQZ0_o_S7yrURV9kkMIpKXNxjjPVpaz3Sqxe3fRKuhyphenhyphen4dd6lLLTFJIuSqof-58AlFTN0Evx-Hu5yOyWmiQCD3u0DpPn4hqOTXme3WluwIgFX/s996/9a.%20Barretts%20R&R%20TC-%20ACR.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="996" height="126" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhdCIczhOPoiO2RpnBY_SpP4aM4-LOMFv9qKwQIxMmjf92B9zTMKik7iuX_je5aNNKOBPE5IM1YyM8LMHuhuQZ0_o_S7yrURV9kkMIpKXNxjjPVpaz3Sqxe3fRKuhyphenhyphen4dd6lLLTFJIuSqof-58AlFTN0Evx-Hu5yOyWmiQCD3u0DpPn4hqOTXme3WluwIgFX/w200-h126/9a.%20Barretts%20R&R%20TC-%20ACR.jpg" width="200" /></a><span class="s1"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjgwlAegfSWTC0WsTc1k-2-yhdLFvEmbb2yRgQ86EE0OdCxOT0aiz7CcI6qZ-wIPzGPIfAgLK4001kJANBlkuLtnGx9oJC_B0AVNqZAzWIS_tpC9Mu4tRNd14jc3fQ2ZUkqrB_NIEFu-Yqa9duDt7MmAKiZMUSnfjO8o37w3ABntB_R_ylSQZMxkLxzuM4/s1402/8.%20Barrett%20TC%203.jpg-%20ACL.jpg" style="clear: left; font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="817" data-original-width="1402" height="116" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjgwlAegfSWTC0WsTc1k-2-yhdLFvEmbb2yRgQ86EE0OdCxOT0aiz7CcI6qZ-wIPzGPIfAgLK4001kJANBlkuLtnGx9oJC_B0AVNqZAzWIS_tpC9Mu4tRNd14jc3fQ2ZUkqrB_NIEFu-Yqa9duDt7MmAKiZMUSnfjO8o37w3ABntB_R_ylSQZMxkLxzuM4/w200-h116/8.%20Barrett%20TC%203.jpg-%20ACL.jpg" width="200" /></a></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">From Chicago the challenge came from<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><b> Lawrence & Martin. </b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Located at 111 Madison,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>those liquor dealers added a medicinal plant, Tolu, to their recipe for Rock & Rye.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>They herald it as<i> “the Great Cure for Coughs, Colds and Consumption and all Diseases of the Throat and Lungs.” </i>A trade card from about 1881 showed a buxom young woman, presumably a sufferer from one of the referenced maladies, dressed for a night on the town, drinking from a bottle of Tolu Rock and Rye.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A second card showed an angel bearing a bottle of the nostrum, carrying a sheaf of rye grain.</span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"><br /></span></span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYEylPiEeSVPtKSZqyQlaKSGYF1BFPtZfcKP-L3iINx27HH6BIQB8oKYR-zhIDlWcgQtmYQnzWraCtF9a1FULQd8NKAQ7O6RrHPySEepf6jJpFNxcPlOiFXQSTo0PyDYxlG6XzL9UT0Du-JjNWOG2NuClTm2BtfTKtmJqcDgEyhtY8MM42fSzr4z7Rsm5r/s442/9c.%20L%20&%20M%20Card.jpg-ACL.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="442" data-original-width="312" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYEylPiEeSVPtKSZqyQlaKSGYF1BFPtZfcKP-L3iINx27HH6BIQB8oKYR-zhIDlWcgQtmYQnzWraCtF9a1FULQd8NKAQ7O6RrHPySEepf6jJpFNxcPlOiFXQSTo0PyDYxlG6XzL9UT0Du-JjNWOG2NuClTm2BtfTKtmJqcDgEyhtY8MM42fSzr4z7Rsm5r/w141-h200/9c.%20L%20&%20M%20Card.jpg-ACL.jpg" width="141" /></a><span class="s1"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNc6fxtzpo1qloME0yRHqW0NYEBtRJxu_LS35gbzU_nMz2bkB6_4x0OvUIr4pNnP2Vnh_0fZRyh_ydycftU7vXGs1Nu-cFpTLJBfe9BF6DVAZgCm8sHeSDdGyHn3TckNfuhCL53Kan3iGH7fJSMvhJs6TY1y-u695wCNy1fgP5sdau12KXGZsTs16XOlYX/s1600/9b.%20Lawrence%20&%20Martin.jpg-ACR.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1600" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNc6fxtzpo1qloME0yRHqW0NYEBtRJxu_LS35gbzU_nMz2bkB6_4x0OvUIr4pNnP2Vnh_0fZRyh_ydycftU7vXGs1Nu-cFpTLJBfe9BF6DVAZgCm8sHeSDdGyHn3TckNfuhCL53Kan3iGH7fJSMvhJs6TY1y-u695wCNy1fgP5sdau12KXGZsTs16XOlYX/w200-h200/9b.%20Lawrence%20&%20Martin.jpg-ACR.jpg" width="200" /></a><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">After the court decision, Lawrence & Martin grew bolder.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In 1882 they created a separate company, located at the same address, called the Tolu Rock and Rye Co.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>They also launched an ad campaign in druggist magazines that plugged their product as a “sure cure.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>As proof they cited a letter from Gen. Green B. Baum, the Commissioner for Internal Revenue, stating:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i> “This compound…in the opinion of this office, would have sufficient quantity of the Balsam of Tolu to give it all the advantages ascribed to in this article in pectoral complaints, while the whiskey and syrup constitute an emulsion compound agreeable to the patient.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i>Baum apparently later was moved from office.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The record indicates that by 1883, only three years after the court ruling C. B. Barrett had been declared bankrupt and Lawrence & Martin had gone their separate ways.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>No amount of Rock and Rye advertising apparently could save either business. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>That was the year that the drink was reclassified by federal authorities as a distilled spirit.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>It no longer was taxed at a lower rate than liquor.</span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmdGijMS5xwWoLN23ByzpGu2zub5qAiU8JuTmHOCw8fpNJD89UNmL4jvXzAgrl3A0NdrCdRU_CPK67aHsgGclbXhsjKcjMnjYhpgU2a8-HmgfMhZrk6bguW92wtoqv08mkt1KCkeJtGBFN7ocE7OnRvEgFU-wWCIxoFWVKnWUZoJf3OKT7b5_Y88O3tU8A/s282/9d.%20Hofstadter's%20No%20.jpg%201.jpg" style="clear: left; font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="282" data-original-width="97" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmdGijMS5xwWoLN23ByzpGu2zub5qAiU8JuTmHOCw8fpNJD89UNmL4jvXzAgrl3A0NdrCdRU_CPK67aHsgGclbXhsjKcjMnjYhpgU2a8-HmgfMhZrk6bguW92wtoqv08mkt1KCkeJtGBFN7ocE7OnRvEgFU-wWCIxoFWVKnWUZoJf3OKT7b5_Y88O3tU8A/w69-h200/9d.%20Hofstadter's%20No%20.jpg%201.jpg" width="69" /></a></span><img border="0" data-original-height="302" data-original-width="135" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiYvFOQch0Wt4oEMR_yEg6XR1DIVy9Q4CZO5aMwh8Ljq9rwXNLpVUQrtk-zjTSiSOshR0QBFAxoRvKjTgo-KkU7a04D7M8dMINnrCY6gCZCH4EsPfE3ObV88HXAlC-2IhWfnHyfFD6NEItYQLAh1N1GUfJBJ2WQvdoP3puuItYcp7-LpF30Ny0xAmpibun/w89-h200/9e.%20%20Mr.%20Boston-2.jpg" width="89" /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_8Bs5_CpZt9TGvsnDOcT7adUiNFlEXK2VzMakHUl_TYSwzKGsOTHpgeE8ZnUXlOu5KdmLGpddeGDKMrMwtAK_fmvIkV1JE0GcRkHKkEAJvHsfvvXg4coP8UfFgZ685KXii7EZx0UoflGGPyGXdP3GDKiAobVLPetRta5a0yoTVMB_JeWoTkpt3t1GhRaa/s305/9f.%20'Jacquin's%203%20.jpg" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="305" data-original-width="124" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_8Bs5_CpZt9TGvsnDOcT7adUiNFlEXK2VzMakHUl_TYSwzKGsOTHpgeE8ZnUXlOu5KdmLGpddeGDKMrMwtAK_fmvIkV1JE0GcRkHKkEAJvHsfvvXg4coP8UfFgZ685KXii7EZx0UoflGGPyGXdP3GDKiAobVLPetRta5a0yoTVMB_JeWoTkpt3t1GhRaa/w81-h200/9f.%20'Jacquin's%203%20.jpg" width="81" /></a></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;">Since introduction of Hochstader’s “Slow and Low Rock and Rye” in 2013, the drink has had a revival of public interest, joining brands like Mr. Boston and Jacquin’s</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;">Rock and Rye.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;">According to the Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board, 3,272,582 bottles of Jacquins were sold during 2017, making it the state’s third-highest selling spirit. </span><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;">“Rock and rye cures absolutely nothing but it can taste great,” </i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;">says Alan Katz, one of the distillers.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;"> </span></div><p></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>Note:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Some of the information contained here was obtained from the <i>Whiskey Advocate </i>website of April 29, 2019.</span></span></p>
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</style>Jack Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01499431800088809848noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6657913448535983609.post-27253342116711803292024-02-18T05:34:00.000-08:002024-02-18T05:34:57.839-08:00 The Ohio Rohrers and Their Mud Lick Distillery<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Coming from a prominent Pennsylvania distilling family, members of the Rohrer clan about 1837 migrated across state lines to settle in Germantown, Ohio. There</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">two generations of Rohrers continued making liquor.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Their Mud Lick Distillery would become among the most famous in America, highly successful until the Great Flood of 1913 bankrupted the company and prohibitionary laws made it impossible to recover. The story is best told through three family members —</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Christian, David, and John Rohrer — who together guided the family distilling destiny for 76 years.</span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><b style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Early Rohrer History:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> The Rohrer clan were among the earlier settlers of Pennsylvania, deeded land in Lancaster County by an agent of William Penn.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">There in December,1804, Christian Rohrer was born on the farm where his father and grandfather, also named Christian, had been born.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">As Unitarians the Rohrers had no prejudice against alcohol and distilling was part of their agricultural production. </span><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">(See post on Jeremiah Rohrer, Oct. 16, 2015.)</i></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1d6pQuHTbw76Tf6av-Tf5QLaOMqef4rw9ZZGOfAqh9MBWb_jj_uNJFKKIYy2bxqJhrRjZQKPiI0Yc5ddTf6N6O7fVJgWNywOEMH1iQ2Ul6NvwmWhQbA49apVoHeiXUAGbZitWX9g5is3xDEksa8qJCNOCc3tRIJ0lGt_Yybiy3dbVGwZHbvJTievYY2US/s251/2.%20Christian%20Rohrer.jpg-%20R.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="251" data-original-width="220" height="251" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1d6pQuHTbw76Tf6av-Tf5QLaOMqef4rw9ZZGOfAqh9MBWb_jj_uNJFKKIYy2bxqJhrRjZQKPiI0Yc5ddTf6N6O7fVJgWNywOEMH1iQ2Ul6NvwmWhQbA49apVoHeiXUAGbZitWX9g5is3xDEksa8qJCNOCc3tRIJ0lGt_Yybiy3dbVGwZHbvJTievYY2US/s1600/2.%20Christian%20Rohrer.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="220" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>Christian Rohrer:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Shown here in later life, Christian is said to have received a good</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> education and upon achieving his majority inherited from his father’s estate a farm and sawmill.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Restless nonetheless, in 1931 he ventured into Ohio to assess that territory and was impressed with prospects in German Township of Montgomery County.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Christian came home, sold his farm, and headed to Ohio.</span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKHYTDC4rYGgF9GZ6vEmgPb5kDwSh7rg-zCgdiRbkOdKZwrz-nrwB1tQslzpOf26utpwWhwLMa8eWLbvQ-p0Azdd6-SC-GHJieIN8q-9nmbcY7w9LTA4O9HusCX7790wY8tBXy6sq8B4hUBaSdOfHLCqHODt4xvhsy1L1NG1EZvd8r1VpZwT-J1TL2iaao/s215/3.%20Margaret%20Emrick%20Rohrer%20-Chris%20wife.jpg-%20L.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="215" data-original-width="204" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKHYTDC4rYGgF9GZ6vEmgPb5kDwSh7rg-zCgdiRbkOdKZwrz-nrwB1tQslzpOf26utpwWhwLMa8eWLbvQ-p0Azdd6-SC-GHJieIN8q-9nmbcY7w9LTA4O9HusCX7790wY8tBXy6sq8B4hUBaSdOfHLCqHODt4xvhsy1L1NG1EZvd8r1VpZwT-J1TL2iaao/w190-h200/3.%20Margaret%20Emrick%20Rohrer%20-Chris%20wife.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="190" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Christian’s move there may have been motivated, at least in part, by a romantic attraction.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In Germantown he met Margaret Emerick, the locally born daughter of Christopher and Catherine Kern Emerick, a couple who had settled there in 1804.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Shown here in maturity, Margaret married Christian in November 1832. Over ensuing years the couple would have five children, three girls and two boys.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTooRSvAYaGEXHfw52NF-nA3v62tdpZZcYSHR8bTzff9QQeABm5nufk-YXC9J9NOwJKIOqRoAPf8XxvzCINdmKtu3mPJA5QWw5gqcUpnaKTeC6LVJFj42SU8hteDXepGovnjL_BY4HhAI-JfPx4FKF1ZWb8fAtbE3Mr5OP-TmCV5pbFWb95GofzMskpYhU/s563/5.%20The%20Owners-ACR.tiff" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="563" data-original-width="527" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTooRSvAYaGEXHfw52NF-nA3v62tdpZZcYSHR8bTzff9QQeABm5nufk-YXC9J9NOwJKIOqRoAPf8XxvzCINdmKtu3mPJA5QWw5gqcUpnaKTeC6LVJFj42SU8hteDXepGovnjL_BY4HhAI-JfPx4FKF1ZWb8fAtbE3Mr5OP-TmCV5pbFWb95GofzMskpYhU/w188-h200/5.%20The%20Owners-ACR.tiff" width="188" /></a><span class="s1"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWx3vtKXCWwAKxSMkpTcd13PIQXqIDGaR1aTIgY8bHH-GQmELl2MpBbH9Tvf2C2UsbdQGq8QaPU1RBQPGkz27eBHnJ8TvWx8-GicfpzpKPP7ErJDK-Ltx_9jogVn0YDg5o2JVJEjz4RyREemEYUY6FFNrRFaY_yhRoLw0pd3U1MFYffuwrIHLL41lyb7rp/s1440/4.%20The%20mill%20biuilding.jpg-%20ACL.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1440" data-original-width="1440" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWx3vtKXCWwAKxSMkpTcd13PIQXqIDGaR1aTIgY8bHH-GQmELl2MpBbH9Tvf2C2UsbdQGq8QaPU1RBQPGkz27eBHnJ8TvWx8-GicfpzpKPP7ErJDK-Ltx_9jogVn0YDg5o2JVJEjz4RyREemEYUY6FFNrRFaY_yhRoLw0pd3U1MFYffuwrIHLL41lyb7rp/w200-h200/4.%20The%20mill%20biuilding.jpg-%20ACL.jpg" width="200" /></a></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Christian’s first move was to buy an existing flour mill that he operated for several years.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He then purchased the mill of Col. John Stump, located on 75 acres of land. Still standing, the mill building, dated 1817, bears a plaque that credits the Rohrers with ownership from 1831 to 1900.<b> </b>The mill was located adjacent to Mudlick Creek that provided water for whiskey and power to mash grain.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The property contained an idle distillery, shown below, that Christian refurbished and expanded.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgi8c8ocXZFwfdOBXvRglQy28x_44xm3AdVr_t42FreEiUEbvJRMf_mrnlA_FCGLqRqSIJanmm8jrGKHqPDrllMP9Bdw25_Qg8J0FVm2K6OD9K5aRrK2kcVLv54OVbIsAJWSenYXQ8A9bfN3N7y7joxCjTvw1EHjMmrYw8d-ZhiTUch4MeSn5hjT0Ls0yHR/s583/6.%20Mud%20lick%20Dist%20C.tiff" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="582" data-original-width="583" height="319" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgi8c8ocXZFwfdOBXvRglQy28x_44xm3AdVr_t42FreEiUEbvJRMf_mrnlA_FCGLqRqSIJanmm8jrGKHqPDrllMP9Bdw25_Qg8J0FVm2K6OD9K5aRrK2kcVLv54OVbIsAJWSenYXQ8A9bfN3N7y7joxCjTvw1EHjMmrYw8d-ZhiTUch4MeSn5hjT0Ls0yHR/s320/6.%20Mud%20lick%20Dist%20C.tiff" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><br /><br /></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">He then began distilling liquor that soon achieved a reputation for quality far beyond its origins. What made Mud Lick Whiskey so good was the mineral rich waters of the springs that fed Mudlick Creek.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Throughout the 1900s those presumably healing waters had drawn believers from all over America.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Many now went home with a bottle of what has been called “the soothing whiskey” from the Rohrer distillery.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">This small facility, however, had limitations, capable of producing less than ten barrels of liquor a day.</span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqo_YyTM_2Haqk9XDmiXhyxa2w_wA5IAe00RYveAhkZlOmmdDAHF7ePbY5ZnuoYVApyIjNlJpbNcW60jh1lxAwhP6t8N41WPU1eyZpISFvmVRTnWMwVNMbuuoWSlNpXbkam8PhU9NdDvnlHL_rSQyB6RhTESF-_tbFZCIV0oPUrkWY7q2d-7fjmAxvFbvP/s881/8.%20Mill%20wheel-ACL.tiff" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="592" data-original-width="881" height="134" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqo_YyTM_2Haqk9XDmiXhyxa2w_wA5IAe00RYveAhkZlOmmdDAHF7ePbY5ZnuoYVApyIjNlJpbNcW60jh1lxAwhP6t8N41WPU1eyZpISFvmVRTnWMwVNMbuuoWSlNpXbkam8PhU9NdDvnlHL_rSQyB6RhTESF-_tbFZCIV0oPUrkWY7q2d-7fjmAxvFbvP/w200-h134/8.%20Mill%20wheel-ACL.tiff" width="200" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwZm_I-CKKgViiUJVzsN6Wam6cgeYcgH-RpxOf0g92VVzusM5Pn1aqslogFUK7hNtiU97HSetfcUs0pAp3qACRywww3iSIaVxbceKus38QJ36DFO5xJcWVfeOmlZOWdAeLzTgnGJgsFLrW29f9FklVzJmxtExnIdzckPoohTW5UyGkWXCYCScon85WREYe/s2048/7.%20Mudlick%20Creek.jpg-ACR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwZm_I-CKKgViiUJVzsN6Wam6cgeYcgH-RpxOf0g92VVzusM5Pn1aqslogFUK7hNtiU97HSetfcUs0pAp3qACRywww3iSIaVxbceKus38QJ36DFO5xJcWVfeOmlZOWdAeLzTgnGJgsFLrW29f9FklVzJmxtExnIdzckPoohTW5UyGkWXCYCScon85WREYe/w200-h150/7.%20Mudlick%20Creek.jpg-ACR.jpg" width="200" /></a></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Christian became known as</span><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> “one of the solid and successful businessmen” </i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">of the mid-Ohio region.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> In addition to expanding the distillery as shown below, h</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">e co-founded the First National Bank of Germantown, still in business today, and was an early investor in the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton Railway, an electric inter-urban line.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">A biographer said of Christian:</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">“(He) </span><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">always took a deep interest in worthy public enterprises, as well as in the progress, growth and development of the valley.”</i></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0Rdm31q8SOAniVf00rlbGLWkNdfVxjfG-ki23qwguID7ly1HDTTDJg42PdbvRoIpB3D-6YYUzreGCqfmbPdUgrLazYB31U-nqgO57-n6nVbJUwHWWphoWSx-UnhV3SrIR_zFuIuAPNzhxQ9GbEdHXdQyWUumet1j9e6TjreMtgdelEmB45zqQ-pQEB1GV/s736/9a.%20%20Mudlick%20Dist.%20c1850-C.tiff" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="507" data-original-width="736" height="220" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0Rdm31q8SOAniVf00rlbGLWkNdfVxjfG-ki23qwguID7ly1HDTTDJg42PdbvRoIpB3D-6YYUzreGCqfmbPdUgrLazYB31U-nqgO57-n6nVbJUwHWWphoWSx-UnhV3SrIR_zFuIuAPNzhxQ9GbEdHXdQyWUumet1j9e6TjreMtgdelEmB45zqQ-pQEB1GV/s320/9a.%20%20Mudlick%20Dist.%20c1850-C.tiff" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTJ1UUk9RvDrJxk_pbsqSpPiQD9gi65s9Ebmv4qrOVhAKajIb6CE6h6TaXZPsL9DFR09KnACtkmtfdVMhlOy9-WgL0BCVEiNpxbYg1nkT6b5JEyjx1UM-SHOntwyZmQwtwK2Lq_BltrrK2F6_u9WwTkzNbphSiPvVBkoSlot-p-YyPKhDnBYe3CpPaz710/s816/9b.Christian%20monuent.jpg-%20R.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="816" data-original-width="448" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTJ1UUk9RvDrJxk_pbsqSpPiQD9gi65s9Ebmv4qrOVhAKajIb6CE6h6TaXZPsL9DFR09KnACtkmtfdVMhlOy9-WgL0BCVEiNpxbYg1nkT6b5JEyjx1UM-SHOntwyZmQwtwK2Lq_BltrrK2F6_u9WwTkzNbphSiPvVBkoSlot-p-YyPKhDnBYe3CpPaz710/w110-h200/9b.Christian%20monuent.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="110" /></a><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">As he aged, Christian retired from management of the Mud Lick Distillery, turning over </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">the work to his son, David.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The father, age 78, died in July 1883 and was buried in the Gemantown Cemetery.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">A large monument was erected</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">by his family over Christian’s grave.</span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPUi2d_HQ6zKQJFopJYR6FUsO7F8TSamw-Srdt6R2WX2g9f1G2ATjNcksi6H3LEoZgRAyw2Lk4oN2TqWOAaSPxvIEr6c7xHTzWzPlxotzRsar2rn9HFYUo1-PGbPhtPrOAj5tDnVwNYvG2ZDwdZNRQ0SR_tcnY-Nfu2Lck7eNiDBsf_5abUo4wUWk6Jd4r/s1610/9c.2%20David%20Rohrer.jpg-%20R.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1610" height="199" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPUi2d_HQ6zKQJFopJYR6FUsO7F8TSamw-Srdt6R2WX2g9f1G2ATjNcksi6H3LEoZgRAyw2Lk4oN2TqWOAaSPxvIEr6c7xHTzWzPlxotzRsar2rn9HFYUo1-PGbPhtPrOAj5tDnVwNYvG2ZDwdZNRQ0SR_tcnY-Nfu2Lck7eNiDBsf_5abUo4wUWk6Jd4r/w200-h199/9c.2%20David%20Rohrer.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="200" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>David Rohrer:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b>As Christian’s eldest son, David, shown here, was the heir apparent.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Born in November 1835, he was educated in the Germantown public schools and at age 22 entered his father’s distillery, quickly being made a partner.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The company became C.Rohrer & Son.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>After succeeding to the company presidency in 1861, David embarked on an expansion program that i</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">ncreased distillery capacity considerably, as indicated in the painting below.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-jQDFClWoym0qYCdwYVS-IbKj0aU6j-klua3EWjiP4HYrMU_PhIWHV1TAKOuaisKU8j56WkWlZ3Wor44l-VDzLTEBiIOqNULAw10_sDIF5upPkGlQHqSZg1qFojkBLnpK4MHT6RsnMr3NEJPc2r7ReHnWEurcPO7SrIUG1Jz2ncLK_jKH5SEe4-5nTJp5/s1352/9c.1%20%20Mud%20Lick%20label.jpg-%20C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="666" data-original-width="1352" height="158" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-jQDFClWoym0qYCdwYVS-IbKj0aU6j-klua3EWjiP4HYrMU_PhIWHV1TAKOuaisKU8j56WkWlZ3Wor44l-VDzLTEBiIOqNULAw10_sDIF5upPkGlQHqSZg1qFojkBLnpK4MHT6RsnMr3NEJPc2r7ReHnWEurcPO7SrIUG1Jz2ncLK_jKH5SEe4-5nTJp5/w320-h158/9c.1%20%20Mud%20Lick%20label.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The distillery proved to be a boon to Germantown.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>At its height the Mud Lick plant employed 30 workmen who turned out 40 barrels of the bourbon daily. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>That production fattened 400 head of cattle and 1200 hogs annually with the spent whiskey mash. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>About 20,000 barrels were kept aging at one time at Mud Lick, representing a $1 million inventory.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtgVVZXXbcMD9zUeTFj_IffkvaSyf9NNc5pyMk6lZndwm4AvNXZvfEwo23jtKBnj33QrOcMEDNmVKjTRJGt0u9D1jkO2N72eqI6GQHXIEkDZMUSIW15QzlsUV5XS_HMJGm9v4_m4KzywhU2nPs0fIxnUIzAybeYw0K7nkElPl9SYfc09NLXorB-o9niJPZ/s564/9d.%20View%20%20of%20Mud%20Lick.jpg=%20C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="564" height="284" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtgVVZXXbcMD9zUeTFj_IffkvaSyf9NNc5pyMk6lZndwm4AvNXZvfEwo23jtKBnj33QrOcMEDNmVKjTRJGt0u9D1jkO2N72eqI6GQHXIEkDZMUSIW15QzlsUV5XS_HMJGm9v4_m4KzywhU2nPs0fIxnUIzAybeYw0K7nkElPl9SYfc09NLXorB-o9niJPZ/w400-h284/9d.%20View%20%20of%20Mud%20Lick.jpg=%20C.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDG4xSOnQoa6Aa7EZYLJ0DX024JtC6GqSl8VDQEabYvyw9SceWlCDdfDxSb3-as7nCFwceTsbvFicGGVuMAElh8nqhy_SwMA_4sOw6wizo9EPrkijc3SdYtRMnwlkRBQDD-X01eR06rONTDH-NfrYiww7udU7G_jkLhITnPmWYpbBdQTg9PoAzNWuFR2-w/s566/9d.%20Rohrer%20bot..jpg-R.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="566" data-original-width="215" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDG4xSOnQoa6Aa7EZYLJ0DX024JtC6GqSl8VDQEabYvyw9SceWlCDdfDxSb3-as7nCFwceTsbvFicGGVuMAElh8nqhy_SwMA_4sOw6wizo9EPrkijc3SdYtRMnwlkRBQDD-X01eR06rONTDH-NfrYiww7udU7G_jkLhITnPmWYpbBdQTg9PoAzNWuFR2-w/w76-h200/9d.%20Rohrer%20bot..jpg-R.jpg" width="76" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">In 1868 Charles Hofer, a liquor dealer of Cincinnati, was admitted as a partner. This </span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">partnership existed until 1883, when David purchased Hofer's interest and took full control of the Mud Lick Distillery. He renamed it “D. Rohrer & Co.” During ensuing years he appeared to be a marked success at guiding one of the Nation’s largest distilleries.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">David also became an extensive landowner, purchasing 800 acres of farmland in the vicinity of Germantown and 3,000 acres in newly opened Indian lands in North Dakota.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">His fortune, calculated in todays dollar, would exceed $8 million.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7vCfQb9BMArnFAbZ5HBOXSTwXhzegovf8qEAbIMb5h9Err3vzgl05dYYdsl1jgOwLKj8mwea-l_jUaLGGbSeMTFtjnCj7VA5ohocroOiQDebJGaPSkWoBesq4wyfIoonc5JqIjlIn9RbAGGZjac1psP22UtNzURUQS-itw5U1zVYXwRklcGjOVE3zPLCU/s289/9d.%20Ada-%20L%20.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="289" data-original-width="210" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7vCfQb9BMArnFAbZ5HBOXSTwXhzegovf8qEAbIMb5h9Err3vzgl05dYYdsl1jgOwLKj8mwea-l_jUaLGGbSeMTFtjnCj7VA5ohocroOiQDebJGaPSkWoBesq4wyfIoonc5JqIjlIn9RbAGGZjac1psP22UtNzURUQS-itw5U1zVYXwRklcGjOVE3zPLCU/w145-h200/9d.%20Ada-%20L%20.jpg" width="145" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Buoyed by his wealth, David decided to build his family and himself a mansion home like none Germantown had seen before.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>February 1865 David had married Ada V. Rohrer, shown here. Ada was a distant cousin whose parents Samuel and Elizabeth Schultz Rohrer, originally natives of Maryland, had joined the Rohrer clan in Germantown in 1926.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Over the next few years the couple would have five children, three girls and two boys.</span></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Still standing at 1201 West Market Street’, the house is a three-story, 15-room brick mansion The six-course walls were built with bricks fired on the Rohrer Farm. The woodwork was cut directly from a stand of hardwood timber on the property.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>While continuing to be a private residence, the Rohrer House currently also is available for tours.</span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgEqCkwT3oAlJcReeTClAYQ06zh8trTndXdYCm6K9-KD1Imy_38fmxoDvEUf3paMvbblRaduRyzmfkFVhdW5vRJAbKM3nl3en6oxPYurfKWujHqZM5NxO3SUjcU-LaMy_sQD5sSTC2zt7ocsFPajwqukr_h84iDqsVHXD1Cyo2M3ekZGF7loAJ5UFYH6x3t/s910/9e.%20House.jpg-%20C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="711" data-original-width="910" height="250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgEqCkwT3oAlJcReeTClAYQ06zh8trTndXdYCm6K9-KD1Imy_38fmxoDvEUf3paMvbblRaduRyzmfkFVhdW5vRJAbKM3nl3en6oxPYurfKWujHqZM5NxO3SUjcU-LaMy_sQD5sSTC2zt7ocsFPajwqukr_h84iDqsVHXD1Cyo2M3ekZGF7loAJ5UFYH6x3t/s320/9e.%20House.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The mansion seemed to cap a highly successful career for David. He was hailed in the 1897 <i>Centennial Portrait and Biographical Record of the City of Dayton and of Montgomery County, Ohio.</i> this way: <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i> Mr. Rohrer is one of the progressive business men of Montgomery County, whose success has been achieved by upright dealing in all the affairs of life.”</i></span></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVV7E0UM-6lmT8qEept89Y3bXgM3TcX3XswnBquzX0XYyCBpXKz2KuxkmQINNCbDmCvZg0E-AKdQukAbwxgH4qqSKS-w5dQWM9AfVH9dOJQKMDsJS1VH4JKLN6utbnOy0S28D2F6ekwhugxP_mxAccXsBSYh_dquek5boahAgHaiVt0Fq3sxTcH10O2c1w/s1713/9f.%20David%202.jpg-%20L.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1713" data-original-width="1333" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVV7E0UM-6lmT8qEept89Y3bXgM3TcX3XswnBquzX0XYyCBpXKz2KuxkmQINNCbDmCvZg0E-AKdQukAbwxgH4qqSKS-w5dQWM9AfVH9dOJQKMDsJS1VH4JKLN6utbnOy0S28D2F6ekwhugxP_mxAccXsBSYh_dquek5boahAgHaiVt0Fq3sxTcH10O2c1w/w156-h200/9f.%20David%202.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="156" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>The Fall of the House of Rohrer:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b>Things were not as they seemed for David and </span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">the Rohrers.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">As the early years of the 20th Century passed, sales of Mud Lick Whiskey slumped as competitive brands appeared and prohibitionary forces increasingly closed off markets.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Additionally, David found himself over-extended financially with liabilities of $200,000 (1910 dollars)</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">while claiming assets of $300,000.</span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Taken to court by creditors said to be owed $30,000, David in a legal maneuver, in November 1909 signed a “deed of assignment” to the Mud Lick distillery and other properties to a former judge, Charles Dale, and his brother, John.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He told the press he had taken the action believing that <i>“the creditors will not lose a dollar and that the action would result in conserving his property.”</i></span></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><i></i></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">John Rohrer, a younger brother, had a sterling reputation in Germantown as a businessman.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>After a four year gambit in the West speculating in real estate and cattle, he had returned home to found a tobacco brokerage and later a grain, coal and lumber company.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>His and Dale’s participation in this assignment of Rohrer assets was viewed sympathetically by the local press.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Noting David’s 50 years in local business, one story commented that the move was made “to prevent a sacrifice” of Rohrer property.</span></span></p>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUpPKBr8jwOGr0TLRoceTWjtVbh2XCtoXnKZGUi9-2aD2Fp-1ot2T5aznJKgliKYAUP0RMM_SiG4soLGgaOLl6mz1LLBKSy7WtlQtfbn7Bb2k89ZyBi0hNqCM-DRaHMyxuZOgYkO3UNMcAK0iDk62Viidzvh6C7eJgHJOl2K_0pb9JB0W4mZ_6BmG_GdxU/s200/9g.%20Edward%20Pattison.jpg-%20R.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="185" data-original-width="200" height="185" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiUpPKBr8jwOGr0TLRoceTWjtVbh2XCtoXnKZGUi9-2aD2Fp-1ot2T5aznJKgliKYAUP0RMM_SiG4soLGgaOLl6mz1LLBKSy7WtlQtfbn7Bb2k89ZyBi0hNqCM-DRaHMyxuZOgYkO3UNMcAK0iDk62Viidzvh6C7eJgHJOl2K_0pb9JB0W4mZ_6BmG_GdxU/s1600/9g.%20Edward%20Pattison.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="200" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Edward Patterson</td></tr></tbody></table><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Behind the assignment, however, was a story that suggested criminality.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In subsequent bankruptcy proceedings, Edward Patterson, a distiller and whiskey broker from Cincinnati charged that David had committed fraud. <i>(See post on Patterson, Jan.28, 2021.)</i> Shown here, Patterson told a bankruptcy court in November 1909 that David had pledged 800 barrels of Mud Lick whiskey aging in Rohrer warehouses as security for large loans Patterson had made to him.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He testified that all but 210 of those barrels subsequently had been sold to other buyers without his knowledge or approval.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He laid claim to the remaining barrels as partial compensation.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Multiple commitment of the same warehoused whiskey was a frequent ploy in the distilling trade — and a crime.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">In bankruptcy proceedings beginning in November 1909, the claims of multiple petitioners, including Patterson, apparently were settled without charges being brought against David, by now in his mid-seventies.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>My surmise is that John Rohrer was responsible for surviving the bankruptcy, satisfying the creditors, and quashing any further legal action.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Able to retain the distillery, the Rohrers’ production of Mud Lick Whiskey limped along for the next several years.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>That came to an end with the great Midwestern floods of March 1913 that claimed 640 victims, most of them in Ohio. Still considered the state’s largest weather disaster, the water sent the Miami River rampaging through the Germantown, destroying much of the distillery.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The remaining buildings went up in flames as ruptured gas lines ignited.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdc1UAkWbLDBWeXA74r_c1-5oYdUhIxGlebuAKe7TF0S8H6ktDSsB2jVj1yJYx8cGEYc6K_FdAfiOh3RNqD-yn9NzThCjsuDRVMs5tB8CRRRprc0p2mb8yGxl6QMiYb0f-yySX6hq2rw5NICx7H1eVd7kJvDCTVfPj1PbNS-YniDMCK1mbiRVfG37yUmdh/s656/9h.%20David%20stone.jpg-%20L.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="432" data-original-width="656" height="132" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdc1UAkWbLDBWeXA74r_c1-5oYdUhIxGlebuAKe7TF0S8H6ktDSsB2jVj1yJYx8cGEYc6K_FdAfiOh3RNqD-yn9NzThCjsuDRVMs5tB8CRRRprc0p2mb8yGxl6QMiYb0f-yySX6hq2rw5NICx7H1eVd7kJvDCTVfPj1PbNS-YniDMCK1mbiRVfG37yUmdh/w200-h132/9h.%20David%20stone.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="200" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Given the circumstances, the Rohrers decided not to rebuild their distillery and are </span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">said to have taken the much coveted recipe for Mud Lick whiskey with them to the grave.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">For David Rohrer that was in 1917, only four years after the flood.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">He was buried in the Germantown Cemetery adjacent to Christian. His gravestone is shown here.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Ada would be buried beside him in 1920.</span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #003400; font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;">For 76 years, encompassing wars and national financial crises, the Rohrers of Germantown made the unusual name of Mud Lick into a well known brand of American whiskey, popular from coast to coast.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="color: #003400; font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;"> </span><span style="color: #003400; font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;">Only a combination bankruptcy, prohibitionary forces and the greatest disaster in Ohio history could shut them down.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="color: #003400; font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;"> </span><span style="color: #003400; font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;">The Ohio Rohrers and Mud Lick well deserve their place in American whiskey history.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="color: #003400; font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;"> </span></div><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"><br /></span></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVoStciDnOvkzmHlxrGMjC3vldQoy1NltNhJcGkQgSRlSzXlUr8b1I28r9kmWmXw0JxYfgPUEsmzrH0CyH2Exv-XZNTJrLlmWcOzMdD3SSJcDWDAJ2Q7fxGitTQTymulLb22WyNfJuo0b6ow2yI-peD-DAWBKF7vrUxTb_VmwuDa64sqtYaePObq9PSHFN/s796/9i.%20Mud%20Lick%20Corkscrew-place%3F.jpg-C%3F%3F.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="216" data-original-width="796" height="109" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVoStciDnOvkzmHlxrGMjC3vldQoy1NltNhJcGkQgSRlSzXlUr8b1I28r9kmWmXw0JxYfgPUEsmzrH0CyH2Exv-XZNTJrLlmWcOzMdD3SSJcDWDAJ2Q7fxGitTQTymulLb22WyNfJuo0b6ow2yI-peD-DAWBKF7vrUxTb_VmwuDa64sqtYaePObq9PSHFN/w400-h109/9i.%20Mud%20Lick%20Corkscrew-place%3F.jpg-C%3F%3F.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>Notes:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>This post has been gathered from a variety of Internet sources.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Key among them were <i>“Centennial Portrait and Biographical Record of the City of Dayton and of Montgomery County, Ohio — 1897” </i>and court documents.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The two photos here of David Rohrer came to light not long ago, found for sale in a Springfield Ohio flea market.</span></span></p>
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</style>Jack Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01499431800088809848noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6657913448535983609.post-80820408117283360222024-02-14T06:54:00.000-08:002024-02-15T05:13:26.093-08:00Golden Grain Whiskey Goes Sporty<p>
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</p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><b style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><i>Foreword:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i></b><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">On July 6, 2012, this website featured Gustave Fleischmann of the famous yeast and liquor family, as a partner in a Buffalo, New York, distilling company.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>It bore his partner’s name, until Gustave bought E. N. Cook out in 1913 and renamed the liquor house “The Buffalo Distilling Company.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The single constant across names was their flagship whiskey, “Golden Grain.” Recently I came across several new (to me) pre-Prohibition Golden Grain artifacts, all but one with a sports connection, and decided they deserved resurrecting here.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"><br /></span></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjE4sTzSkx-9FWV4F59g7AgqRow2KDx6pHCItXCzJta0fVeMjE1_84gOlligM-E9b1bKpXjFcHkIHC_7WGs4cATF8MCR8suYix7teW92TJknBaCiXQaVwuO8ibUmzUUVbmxWst0w5J6H3L6KaM9yPm-shg_LHyvkrizxT230yPK6_e-b96nTM-MY49Pq2sn/s700/2.%20Ltr%201884%20crppd.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="238" data-original-width="700" height="136" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjE4sTzSkx-9FWV4F59g7AgqRow2KDx6pHCItXCzJta0fVeMjE1_84gOlligM-E9b1bKpXjFcHkIHC_7WGs4cATF8MCR8suYix7teW92TJknBaCiXQaVwuO8ibUmzUUVbmxWst0w5J6H3L6KaM9yPm-shg_LHyvkrizxT230yPK6_e-b96nTM-MY49Pq2sn/w400-h136/2.%20Ltr%201884%20crppd.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Whiskey and hunting were a common theme in pre-Prohibition liquor advertising, often depicted in saloon signs where the audience likely was all male.<i> (See<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>post of July 12, 2023.)<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i>Rather than a sign,<i> </i>Fleischmann and Cook issued a small booklet. Entitled <i>“4 Golden Grain Sports (Warranted 18 KT) in 8 Smiles” </i>it was the product of the F. Myers Company, a publishing outfit in New York City.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizuETkZ3KWJyiqHs1dJ8HiIcdo63APTiELnSAc-enieBkmanf3gMXYVUw4U08k_-oigmR3mMQN55I36jM6UAuQFFR5zqbU0HNNLlJs2rXbOS912KseD8Tou6hdw3CrahHEApiwsmS543xd3x0qTUswpkjj0IQRbLvK64Db_C6hJTKgUY2e-LeMj9_4jXBV/s380/3.%20GG%20Sports%20cover.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="273" data-original-width="380" height="230" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizuETkZ3KWJyiqHs1dJ8HiIcdo63APTiELnSAc-enieBkmanf3gMXYVUw4U08k_-oigmR3mMQN55I36jM6UAuQFFR5zqbU0HNNLlJs2rXbOS912KseD8Tou6hdw3CrahHEApiwsmS543xd3x0qTUswpkjj0IQRbLvK64Db_C6hJTKgUY2e-LeMj9_4jXBV/s320/3.%20GG%20Sports%20cover.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"></span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The linking of hunting and whiskey in the booklet clearly is meant to be humorous with each cartoon panel narrated by four lines of verse.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">In the first picture the two hunters have met two fishermen, who advise them to bring along some Golden Grain whiskey just in case it rains and spoils the hunting.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">As we will later discover, the one in the deerstalker hat is named Smith.</span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgD_eQ5UJqAGCqQ4djSbYYBwG7egL7gpJ2zxneuL8cWamxl-MuXilDgxO8McAqr2_FRs2CQY07NuUsUTE5SWMnRFBLJfaK0fojvCMTxud5rk9KmouO-IeWBu01OXvBMKge9CIjToogJXWTi__-B14Yk91ZNWgcUqSObr20UwctIvuNlzQ4ESyoU-wEzTNBY/s372/4.%20GG%20Sports-a.jpg-C.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="331" data-original-width="372" height="285" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgD_eQ5UJqAGCqQ4djSbYYBwG7egL7gpJ2zxneuL8cWamxl-MuXilDgxO8McAqr2_FRs2CQY07NuUsUTE5SWMnRFBLJfaK0fojvCMTxud5rk9KmouO-IeWBu01OXvBMKge9CIjToogJXWTi__-B14Yk91ZNWgcUqSObr20UwctIvuNlzQ4ESyoU-wEzTNBY/s320/4.%20GG%20Sports-a.jpg-C.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">In the second panel, the hunters have taken the anglers’ advice.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">They apparently are preparing to climb aboard a train with their shotguns — one assumes unloaded— for their hunting adventure.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">In the background a baggage handler struggles with the case of Golden Grain that will be accompanying them. </span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivta8E_JBznXO6ayT_nBU4YJwksCUEGV9AlQhuFixhrxPHvrlCupjkfnGROiDDTZTQVDgf3mVsGueQ_V3XxkAybqUFcBl5Ui2UyzUXI5NsehHS7apjTJSyaXSdk3MTt9P0C9_WG8KqZnUpp2JpzHqr1-vE46FM7D7lIEaOBMkyxqQW4yGiONK43sEn1uU_/s372/5.%20GG%20Sports-%20C.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="337" data-original-width="372" height="290" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivta8E_JBznXO6ayT_nBU4YJwksCUEGV9AlQhuFixhrxPHvrlCupjkfnGROiDDTZTQVDgf3mVsGueQ_V3XxkAybqUFcBl5Ui2UyzUXI5NsehHS7apjTJSyaXSdk3MTt9P0C9_WG8KqZnUpp2JpzHqr1-vE46FM7D7lIEaOBMkyxqQW4yGiONK43sEn1uU_/s320/5.%20GG%20Sports-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Note that the next panel does not mention the whiskey.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">It might appear, however, that both hunters have consumed some.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">In order to rhyme with “in it,” a hunter apparently has shot a “linnet.”</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">That is a small finch-like bird of no value as food.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Meanwhile “Old Smith,” is being felled by the kickback of his own gun, or alternatively, possibly shot in the backside by his companion.</span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkrG7ORXUGIVm_zLxzwP90up5YjDXZ4R19o8VBMy26kneadm_ubWPBsXgOjL5dFubckUprO1ExyyJWDPV8Wf-m1hh2p3i5t8M8HTsHcf3_PO1mNxoaUyTbaxaLY64_aCEWigfKCxXjLhS48ePj9jRXcM9eUaIhqc1HRdMJ5L4VzF7l52ka6SlnR45X7OSe/s370/6.%20GG%20Sports%20c.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="356" data-original-width="370" height="308" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkrG7ORXUGIVm_zLxzwP90up5YjDXZ4R19o8VBMy26kneadm_ubWPBsXgOjL5dFubckUprO1ExyyJWDPV8Wf-m1hh2p3i5t8M8HTsHcf3_PO1mNxoaUyTbaxaLY64_aCEWigfKCxXjLhS48ePj9jRXcM9eUaIhqc1HRdMJ5L4VzF7l52ka6SlnR45X7OSe/s320/6.%20GG%20Sports%20c.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The last panel shows the two nimrods in bed, being cared for by friends with doses of Golden Grain.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The injury to “Old Smith” has been explained.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The reason the second hunter similarly is bedridden is not.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Perhaps he would gladly lie two abed just for a drink of whiskey.</span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOczcl_i5JPbP17jfuf7sST0B-_kPIlbwnzRvL8K9Jk0j7ATNNVShm8yjSjIemtE5Gzo91oj22_bBIhyphenhypheniA9ZEh4QzNai-AAlf3gHfoxHlRCIyGX2RK538kdiTSeJ7aevOT9BDXt3UMDd7FjrY2JTtQsgb373CPtIMSJ42WWEB6tjLOhI1kqhgGBbRxB0PO/s362/7.%20GG%20sports%20-dC.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="308" data-original-width="362" height="272" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOczcl_i5JPbP17jfuf7sST0B-_kPIlbwnzRvL8K9Jk0j7ATNNVShm8yjSjIemtE5Gzo91oj22_bBIhyphenhypheniA9ZEh4QzNai-AAlf3gHfoxHlRCIyGX2RK538kdiTSeJ7aevOT9BDXt3UMDd7FjrY2JTtQsgb373CPtIMSJ42WWEB6tjLOhI1kqhgGBbRxB0PO/s320/7.%20GG%20sports%20-dC.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The nod of Golden Grain to sportsmen extended to golf.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Shown below is a bar tray depicting an elderly gent carrying a bag full of clubs.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">He is gazing at it fondly and commenting </span><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">“I see this everywhere."</i></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZQEsjCl3Ya8k5IjaqN1hg_oH7iuO0pw2QauX-Z2CuUi15wD9HcDaCvKbExLZOHZ8hAxTSNR3fUaeibvmuTLTXhIkbao5_-7oqU1iHL9YalQjt8YCbzypy6J7XA6nYbsfWODoUTCXn3J1dVDJGaeor4NheI_kzkbHYdya_KSF4wRBTrRgJrKp0FJmhOGmn/s993/8.%20Bar%20Tray.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="993" data-original-width="990" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZQEsjCl3Ya8k5IjaqN1hg_oH7iuO0pw2QauX-Z2CuUi15wD9HcDaCvKbExLZOHZ8hAxTSNR3fUaeibvmuTLTXhIkbao5_-7oqU1iHL9YalQjt8YCbzypy6J7XA6nYbsfWODoUTCXn3J1dVDJGaeor4NheI_kzkbHYdya_KSF4wRBTrRgJrKp0FJmhOGmn/s320/8.%20Bar%20Tray.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="319" /></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The two Golden Grain medallions below issued in 1917 by Cook and Fleischmann memorialized baseball.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The backside contained the Buffalo Bison’s 1917 schedule in the then International League.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The front bore the slogan, “Help the Herd Grab the Third.”</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">I take that to mean a third league championship. The Bisons failed.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The team ended the 1917 season with a record of 67 wins and 84 losses, finishing sixth in the league.</span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixlz1QeT3P8yDfrmAP7VWvnqQaZhfIHQTWRibvIkerZlR3B9_gzEJSewU0x8jCIZrBel8mll1RY89MZJMZG_A3mBkJILaz8yHBPLlxuuablycXNucGKOvtH-2OFO0bziV4I_9dELuT8NoGf6QoxX46C3d4lvgCfzDi7_pPgjTOlzFHFETKB4MdF11ROVt2/s377/9b.%20Medallion%20flip.jpg-ACR.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="336" data-original-width="377" height="178" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixlz1QeT3P8yDfrmAP7VWvnqQaZhfIHQTWRibvIkerZlR3B9_gzEJSewU0x8jCIZrBel8mll1RY89MZJMZG_A3mBkJILaz8yHBPLlxuuablycXNucGKOvtH-2OFO0bziV4I_9dELuT8NoGf6QoxX46C3d4lvgCfzDi7_pPgjTOlzFHFETKB4MdF11ROVt2/w200-h178/9b.%20Medallion%20flip.jpg-ACR.jpg" width="200" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9TSRUwXE3oD0y8mqc1vkxOeWl9M5PfV_wRPf_ej8V8Vp9C_o7pllkOgpym1W_iXXIz8dBfy59ZSBPnvJy8nE7J3eTZDD3Ae0F4WnqDgBf8GVC6-LULFghMx75CeFEatS2Qk9MQbuVUmJTj7gfgUE3t5evwDoNlaLEsW8NwRpiSIeDYtIkn8Rl9GdOMaW9/s378/9a.%20Med%20Gldn%20Grn.jpg-%20ACL.jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="343" data-original-width="378" height="181" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9TSRUwXE3oD0y8mqc1vkxOeWl9M5PfV_wRPf_ej8V8Vp9C_o7pllkOgpym1W_iXXIz8dBfy59ZSBPnvJy8nE7J3eTZDD3Ae0F4WnqDgBf8GVC6-LULFghMx75CeFEatS2Qk9MQbuVUmJTj7gfgUE3t5evwDoNlaLEsW8NwRpiSIeDYtIkn8Rl9GdOMaW9/w200-h181/9a.%20Med%20Gldn%20Grn.jpg-%20ACL.jpg" width="200" /></a></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The last Golden Grain artifact here may not quite fit the sports motif but ogling attrractive women has been a male pastime for millennia.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>This trade card <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">memorializes that activity and in the process manages to give offense to African-Americans, the sight impaired, feminists, and for good measure the Prohibitionist crowd.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">But that was another day and a different sensitivity.</span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhC-09kQKYCO_KbK-Bw5yLstaPSijo_oHHra1Qu2gqyZ36Zx8n9pzSb2lSyTEA3rUt_lfn-48Yz6tQ4L8ZoGjY9yrZJ-pnS24pFXCLmqRTSA7lXFBzy71P-NNinkjdhdWMHGceHGo5WBqnOBH9_LyDnAElWEpuema1SHflb-Vza1DFGF3IVjgi5yo076TCg/s320/9c.%20Trade%20card.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="320" data-original-width="212" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhC-09kQKYCO_KbK-Bw5yLstaPSijo_oHHra1Qu2gqyZ36Zx8n9pzSb2lSyTEA3rUt_lfn-48Yz6tQ4L8ZoGjY9yrZJ-pnS24pFXCLmqRTSA7lXFBzy71P-NNinkjdhdWMHGceHGo5WBqnOBH9_LyDnAElWEpuema1SHflb-Vza1DFGF3IVjgi5yo076TCg/w265-h400/9c.%20Trade%20card.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="265" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBn8yscoEOvg6GiitLAm-nHlVflYgSLuVzV823Wraz3JhjI6ZOXNyuOxQd4l4dqac-1VIFVmFv_R6eisBIdpRMCa4KXkTcdAM91BJoKGsAP0KPkcy_2KFFrrDBwfkLPjtcIuEDqj0qqoZ-eaO_R2GtwJ0GdftjbRTglm-dUWftNrbxtvBjnIXHWFW5hzgp/s388/9d.%20Buffalo%20Dist.%20Co.jpg-L.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="388" data-original-width="311" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBn8yscoEOvg6GiitLAm-nHlVflYgSLuVzV823Wraz3JhjI6ZOXNyuOxQd4l4dqac-1VIFVmFv_R6eisBIdpRMCa4KXkTcdAM91BJoKGsAP0KPkcy_2KFFrrDBwfkLPjtcIuEDqj0qqoZ-eaO_R2GtwJ0GdftjbRTglm-dUWftNrbxtvBjnIXHWFW5hzgp/w160-h200/9d.%20Buffalo%20Dist.%20Co.jpg-L.jpg" width="160" /></a><b style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Afterword:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The story of the Buffalo Distilling Company continues in the building</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> shown right at 860 Seneca Street in “Snow City.”</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">A combination liquor store and drinking establishment, the revived Buffalo Distilling has on display what it claims to be the last two extant bottles of the original whiskey. </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The company also markets its own Golden Grain whiskey using a Cook and Fleischmann originated nude image on the label.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">What was old is new again.</span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYVTiam7a1lLO_RU437eJGor-VrtyQSX6Dp_9v-u5ADRpfcYK1mPd51b9t_9dam8HjCFMvwCgiNNZ3AaRXRiIxqG-IacooZPV59wxxPTo1aqlyuGgLzKgWuj0iGF28DKSP9m9QyS_NdWQxAMqnTtxsWl1GtDjM02KrEdNvvMrcJKb5tMG0AESrat1FY0TY/s400/9d.%20%20GG%20Nude%20Saloon%20Sign.jpg" style="clear: right; 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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><p></p>Jack Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01499431800088809848noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6657913448535983609.post-52110128294542734632024-02-10T04:58:00.000-08:002024-02-10T05:03:04.231-08:00 George Boldrick: “Last Man Standing” at the Belle of Marion Distillery<p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7sEalZcqPlQ8_a61BPuYFanmCNDFrmNycw1MqGHcu8ZLUGCe8Q3CPUaFy_WkCEsfk6l0LUXCXFn4gfGpOFdtTUcn3K4MSrWyMzMjf82S22XsMIjhkLYqcbEehky4yk54Xln8DeXJgLHuvoxBcnHr_ja6DDdYdU1TBH5-pwKJKApuzw2zdg009FCCiN6Jy/s266/1.%20Boldrick1901%20-%201902%20copy.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="266" data-original-width="216" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7sEalZcqPlQ8_a61BPuYFanmCNDFrmNycw1MqGHcu8ZLUGCe8Q3CPUaFy_WkCEsfk6l0LUXCXFn4gfGpOFdtTUcn3K4MSrWyMzMjf82S22XsMIjhkLYqcbEehky4yk54Xln8DeXJgLHuvoxBcnHr_ja6DDdYdU1TBH5-pwKJKApuzw2zdg009FCCiN6Jy/w259-h320/1.%20Boldrick1901%20-%201902%20copy.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="259" /></a><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">In 1880, as the story is told, four Kentucky businessmen joined resources to begin a </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">new distillery in Marion County, Kentucky, buying a tract of land on which to construct it five miles south of the city of Lebanon.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The site was located where Arbuckle Creek joins the Rolling Fork River and adjacent to the L&N Railroad.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Two of the prospective owners and were seasoned “whiskey men,”</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The others were not, among them George D. Boldrick, a Lebanon local who owned and operated a pharmacy when he join the investors.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Shown here, Boldrick a decade later was the “last man standing” at the helm of the Belle of Marion Distillery.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">His place in Kentucky whiskey history, however, remains a conundrum.</span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Born in October 1842 in Danville, Kentucky, Boldrick had a strong Irish heritage.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">His father, James P. Boldrick, was born and raised in Ireland, coming to the United States in his early manhood after a brief sojourn in Canada.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">A “merchant tailor” he settled in Danville.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">There James met and married Mary Freelove Doneghy, also of Irish immigrant ancestry.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The couple would have four children, three girls and George, the youngest.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The boy was educated in Danville schools where he showed considerable aptitude.</span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCOheHRpcXRZxVjWkXnGBvOI38H-HNJpuf3yXk3sDD42IfoHsDTRqzqMf4H2nXjr52_eiH7NtHH2Zb-NsjJI88dgfIS9WOH7N3qWj5fn771MGo2dfditxf11zVi1SOXkn74X0nccjObTG3LgwcX43gNZE9-2It2knzhwGt1dUONaXRFlBl8LnXriFAAXlf/s273/2.%20Gen%20Thomas%20_(cropped).tif.jpg-%20L.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="273" data-original-width="176" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCOheHRpcXRZxVjWkXnGBvOI38H-HNJpuf3yXk3sDD42IfoHsDTRqzqMf4H2nXjr52_eiH7NtHH2Zb-NsjJI88dgfIS9WOH7N3qWj5fn771MGo2dfditxf11zVi1SOXkn74X0nccjObTG3LgwcX43gNZE9-2It2knzhwGt1dUONaXRFlBl8LnXriFAAXlf/w129-h200/2.%20Gen%20Thomas%20_(cropped).tif.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="129" /></a><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Boldrick’s fortunes took their first turn when he was 18 with the onset of the Civil War.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>His ability caught the eye of General George H. Thomas, shown here, who chose him as a commissary clerk for his army.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>My research indicates that such a post normally would carry an officer’s commission but I cannot find any rank for Boldrick.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A list of Army commissary clerks shows the young man being allocated $900 for unspecified purposes — a substantial amount for the time.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>As depicted below, the commissary officer was a highly important position for maintaining a military force.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>To cite a familiar adage:<i> “An army marches on its stomach</i>.”</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHBvL_xoP1-JypNH-lC01lmstl2oQDriA_LdGDuRmpMFkBXzqXMI75ZA7sD4x2wf-zp_xl1DPWyRSzENEYjFUkILYEqyg_7lRz7O8tkTqwvPKO4Lu6maf-OqDeJO6IMapJXolfwOd1q99cUrxF8XfQCPh4wcxqZwdVndfFtN6iZE7Dt8J3KL3z2JF2-iC1/s1024/3.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="812" data-original-width="1024" height="254" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjHBvL_xoP1-JypNH-lC01lmstl2oQDriA_LdGDuRmpMFkBXzqXMI75ZA7sD4x2wf-zp_xl1DPWyRSzENEYjFUkILYEqyg_7lRz7O8tkTqwvPKO4Lu6maf-OqDeJO6IMapJXolfwOd1q99cUrxF8XfQCPh4wcxqZwdVndfFtN6iZE7Dt8J3KL3z2JF2-iC1/s320/3.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Following the war Boldrick seems to have minimized his service.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He had fought for the Union while many of his Kentucky friends and perhaps even some of his relatives had cast their lot with the Confederates.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>There is no evidence that Boldrick joined any veteran groups, his gravestone makes no reference to his service, and he seems to have sequestered all mention of his role in the war. </span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;">It might not have been good for business to be identified with the Union cause.</span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Three years after the war, Boldrick opened his pharmacy, one of three in Lebanon.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>This move into the mercantile world may have been a natural progression from his occupation in the commissary.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>It also coincided with his marriage to Carrie Spaulding in July 1869.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Carrie may have been a distant cousin. Boldrick’s maternal grandmother was a Spaulding, the daughter of Samuel Spaulding, whose family origins were among Catholic immigrants to Maryland from England. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Over the next six years George and Carrie would have three sons, Samuel James, Ralph Lancaster, ansd Charles Carter.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Then Carrie died in 1875, leaving her husband to care for and father three minor children.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Three years later Boldrick remarried.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>His new wife was Kate Tobin, from Frankfort, Kentucky, also from an Irish immigrant family.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>They would add four more Boldricks to the household over the next 17 years:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>John Tobin, George Doneghy, Columbus Camron, and Lucy.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">By contemporary accounts, Boldrick was a quick success in the druggist trade,</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">attracting a local customer base.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">His prosperity apparently allowed him at some point to buy into one of his competing pharmacies. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">After a dozen years, however, Boldrick made a decision to get out of selling medicinals and move into the liquor trade.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">My surmise is that he already was selling “medicinal” whiskey over the counter and he recognized the profitability of distilling and merchandising it. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">After selling his drug store interests, Boldrick joined — and actually may have initiated — a group of four Kentuckians to build and own a distillery. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The partners included two well-known figures in Kentucky whiskey-making, Richard Wathen and R.B. Lancaster. The participation of both was short-lived. Even before breaking ground for the facility, Richard Wathen died. <i>(See post on the Wathens, August 1, 2020.)<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i>Moreover, before completion of construction, R. B. Lancaster, newly burdened with issues at a family distillery in Bardstown, sold his interest to John Callaha<i>n. (See post on Lancasters, Nov. 5, 2023.)</i></span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Luckily Callahan was an experienced distiller, having been associated with the Chrystal Springs Distillery in Louisville, a major supplier to Kentucky wholesalers.</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">The third investor was Ralph L. Spaulding, likely Boldrick’s cousin and related to his first wife.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Once the distillery had been completed, Spaulding assumed the presidency of the distillery known as the “Belle of Marion.”</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Ralph Spaulding not long after was killed in a machinery accident at the distillery and his brother C. C. Spaulding replaced him.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">After several years, C. C. Spaulding retired.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Of the original investors, now only Boldrick and Callahan remained.</span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYBoapLR2GEIO5UPBORK8GgYh47NNA_k7Msw1mZJgOkjoSO5d7srUcpSuqXBJ6GxoXB6Z0q9LL73EIXAE-OAZiy9iGPzTAdNYSo7_VAgUzTpYSGt049vEPrcVQHcqpGHRYVlGQNnqhc2hUX-M1VhN6vIPEfaI6dH4jCcNRwDS3e_9rtTO8x90dCB5M2GP3/s2088/5.%20Distillery.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1213" data-original-width="2088" height="233" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYBoapLR2GEIO5UPBORK8GgYh47NNA_k7Msw1mZJgOkjoSO5d7srUcpSuqXBJ6GxoXB6Z0q9LL73EIXAE-OAZiy9iGPzTAdNYSo7_VAgUzTpYSGt049vEPrcVQHcqpGHRYVlGQNnqhc2hUX-M1VhN6vIPEfaI6dH4jCcNRwDS3e_9rtTO8x90dCB5M2GP3/w400-h233/5.%20Distillery.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"></span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s3" style="color: #003400;"><span><span style="font-family: arial;">Insurance underwriter records suggest that the distillery was brick with a metal or slate roof. The property included four warehouses, all iron-clad with metal or slate roofs.</span> </span></span><span class="s2" style="color: #003400; font-family: arial;">By 1890 Belle of Marion Distillery was mashing 300 bushels of grain a day, producing 30 barrels of whiskey.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The latter were stored in three bonded warehouses with a storage capacity approaching 14,000 barrels.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Within several years the partners had added a fourth warehouse bringing aging capacity to 25,000 barrels.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A shed where cattle were kept and being fed the spent mash was situated 400 feet west of the still.</span></span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2" style="color: #003400; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWz-3LYHsFqRtRuoQjcdlksP5un11GoYTyG4b2UW6Pmt8MiDT_QQdx0GVWdPJyIAKe836HRtmpOQHlURkXMCO7MS0J2Dg1p-bIrSm2wHC58zThGR8ZiO1gWhl3oR8Fu5RdvT6X0M0ih74dWuYQBhE_HysN36m7-ZSM3w7mjvr7rwQWU8wPiPN6EDOjdPJA/s2288/dist.%20workers-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1423" data-original-width="2288" height="249" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWz-3LYHsFqRtRuoQjcdlksP5un11GoYTyG4b2UW6Pmt8MiDT_QQdx0GVWdPJyIAKe836HRtmpOQHlURkXMCO7MS0J2Dg1p-bIrSm2wHC58zThGR8ZiO1gWhl3oR8Fu5RdvT6X0M0ih74dWuYQBhE_HysN36m7-ZSM3w7mjvr7rwQWU8wPiPN6EDOjdPJA/w400-h249/dist.%20workers-%20C.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2" style="color: #003400; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4JQlXElRXo2yArPPp4J1GD1fAOyQRG12VHFO10wGdMhgS1GKL5HYQcEFa9wr4X72tt2H2En0YrZNYKaVbBddA6_fKxnREJtxOyucuX4sMKEYWidx5fFURJ5_lcy5j1hDi1pcu2Ha-9x0PvjHmmqclg5V0HtRIAZzShMWUm7U0oM3lNozzthTPmhBuQrfg/s392/7.%20Boldrick%20&%20Callahan.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="384" data-original-width="392" height="196" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4JQlXElRXo2yArPPp4J1GD1fAOyQRG12VHFO10wGdMhgS1GKL5HYQcEFa9wr4X72tt2H2En0YrZNYKaVbBddA6_fKxnREJtxOyucuX4sMKEYWidx5fFURJ5_lcy5j1hDi1pcu2Ha-9x0PvjHmmqclg5V0HtRIAZzShMWUm7U0oM3lNozzthTPmhBuQrfg/w200-h196/7.%20Boldrick%20&%20Callahan.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="200" /></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial;">The distillery employed local Lebanon workers.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A number of them are shown above, </span></span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">lined up in front of the distillery, some of them displaying the tools of their trade.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Two men at the right in the photo, the only ones wearing dress coats and ties, are identified as Boldrick,left, and Callahan.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Enlarged, their pictures also appear right..</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Although Involved only tangentially, the partners became embroiled in a trademark dispute.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In return for a large order of whiskey, the Casey & Swasey wholesale liquor house in Fort Worth. Texas, asked permission from them to use “Kentucky Comfort” as a brand name and in their advertising.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>With a large sale possibly at stake, the two men readily agreed. Barrels of whiskey with “Kentucky Comfort” burned into them began rolling into Fort Worth, 845 miles distant.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A photo of the Boldrick-Callahan operation shows the workers posing after loading whiskey barrels on a horse-drawn wagon likely headed to the nearby L&N railhead.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOCUWsgH8JIu6kAzN0jf_B90tJM_KNNwWuoAORkTQQpuGgrGurgSlQ_oyG6JRJ_wedCjjaTpZC1YaM25aMEkFmZpIAz5o5lwXRVtPlP0yd0Gd6pFHP6foNbJoqdz_Sl22t8FOar_h8eneeF9xf6F3tn1nq5fcuKoGwBejKCTT0bAbTCsR7yZYF3F8nsLe1/s569/8.%20Brod&Cal%20Dist.%20pi.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="346" data-original-width="569" height="244" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOCUWsgH8JIu6kAzN0jf_B90tJM_KNNwWuoAORkTQQpuGgrGurgSlQ_oyG6JRJ_wedCjjaTpZC1YaM25aMEkFmZpIAz5o5lwXRVtPlP0yd0Gd6pFHP6foNbJoqdz_Sl22t8FOar_h8eneeF9xf6F3tn1nq5fcuKoGwBejKCTT0bAbTCsR7yZYF3F8nsLe1/w400-h244/8.%20Brod&Cal%20Dist.%20pi.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The Casey & Swasey purchase in Kentucky seemed to mean little to the Appeals Court of Kentucky when Rosenfield Bros. of Chicago and Louisville claimed an equal right to use “Kentucky Comfort” on their labels.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The Rosenfields alleged that they had widely advertised the brand and its value “has come in large part from the moneys expended in such advertisements.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>They also claimed to sell from three to five thousand barrels a year of “Kentucky Comfort.” <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In 1898 the court found for the Rosenfields.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Both companies, however, it<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>strangely ruled, could use<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>the brand name.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWBWLw0MTRFhyphenhyphenf6b4fMRUncowXtxQYX0dBsN1Ox7eVqY7eKs1zgdw4IQVcDsnBkHy2xhIi9NynpGR__nhQU3u0Z36epEd_dmFQvQd7yCpOoF7sBMwmlHXnj9kE_txb3AJOLGYOFTDTBrMUoN__3xto5S21S7YB4vAkVxaROT8nggMmcrHLHASIy86Bgdmn/s913/9a.%20KY%20Comfort%20SGjpg-%20L.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="913" data-original-width="726" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiWBWLw0MTRFhyphenhyphenf6b4fMRUncowXtxQYX0dBsN1Ox7eVqY7eKs1zgdw4IQVcDsnBkHy2xhIi9NynpGR__nhQU3u0Z36epEd_dmFQvQd7yCpOoF7sBMwmlHXnj9kE_txb3AJOLGYOFTDTBrMUoN__3xto5S21S7YB4vAkVxaROT8nggMmcrHLHASIy86Bgdmn/w159-h200/9a.%20KY%20Comfort%20SGjpg-%20L.jpg" width="159" /></a><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The Texas whiskey men were not prepared to settle.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>They took their appeal to the Federal Commissioner of Patents.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In 1906, he reviewed the record and, in effect, dismissed utterly the decision of the Kentucky judges,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>saying that the <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i>“judgment of the court was neither pleaded nor proved.</i>” The Commissioner thereupon denied the claim by the Rosenfields that they had as good a right to the trademark as Casey and Swasey.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He ruled it remained solely the property of the Fort Worth firm.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>I assume that throughout this lengthy legal process the Belle of Marion Distillery was providing the whiskey.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj30Vm_lcV2Ad67vXtAHzwZqDl4jzHLHx3soJRnZsg0QzcJ1BwuwzpaAUPGogcL7zYjoInN5FQSIZjUhAStfU4VdUUpqLreyjM4MoU80LZzC6cojM1sb34prBxg1tfDBzzRzBStfcU9yGmW4TE0FYiDGn7PDIB7fSHvRQXq9qdwRdavTj0ZMb4dJgZuU30K/s1100/9b.%201914%20whiskeyJPG-R.JPG" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1100" data-original-width="1100" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj30Vm_lcV2Ad67vXtAHzwZqDl4jzHLHx3soJRnZsg0QzcJ1BwuwzpaAUPGogcL7zYjoInN5FQSIZjUhAStfU4VdUUpqLreyjM4MoU80LZzC6cojM1sb34prBxg1tfDBzzRzBStfcU9yGmW4TE0FYiDGn7PDIB7fSHvRQXq9qdwRdavTj0ZMb4dJgZuU30K/w200-h200/9b.%201914%20whiskeyJPG-R.JPG" width="200" /></a><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">In 1899 John Callahan died and was buried in Louisville’s Cave Hill Cemetery leaving only George Boldrick of the original investors still active in the firm: <i>“The Last Man Standing.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i> As Boldrick reviewed the past, he could be justly proud of the record of success the distillery had achieved.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Both the brands “Belle of Marion” and “Callahan” had achieved recognition for quality beyond Lebanon, beyond Kentucky, and, indeed, throughout the United States.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>When Boldrick looked ahead, however, he saw prohibitionary laws across the country steadily shrinking whiskey sales as states and counties one by one “went dry.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>With all his original partners now retired or dead, the future had turned bleak.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A year after Callahan’s death, Boldrick sold out to the Whiskey Trust.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>That monopolistic organization operated and expanded the distillery, making rye as well as bourbon whiskey until shut down in 1919 by National Prohibition.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>At the time of the sale the Trust was paying big dollars to own distilleries with distinguished names.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>My guess is that Boldrick’s motivation for selling was the large offer made by the Trust.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He apparently used his profits to buy the Hugh Murray Drug Company and became its president.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He also was appointed president of the Lebanon Water Works.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaXA7E_PBbpX5pngxpg03Ov-H_3EpCw-dhYp3kTGYFvfk6NXMfdF6Uusi0NFQM6NBLt1zP7Ef61i-M_MTxfaRyea_Nea1A0p-ayItm_HT__t1vRH7UbNjo8b6qNvxUP7oELegWstNxnI3Zjz1yppxIP9FMk1quEmkz4gtQK7R7Ah2YGio9a0Lp68SXMBcr/s2148/9c.Boldrick%20Mon..jpg-L.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2148" data-original-width="937" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaXA7E_PBbpX5pngxpg03Ov-H_3EpCw-dhYp3kTGYFvfk6NXMfdF6Uusi0NFQM6NBLt1zP7Ef61i-M_MTxfaRyea_Nea1A0p-ayItm_HT__t1vRH7UbNjo8b6qNvxUP7oELegWstNxnI3Zjz1yppxIP9FMk1quEmkz4gtQK7R7Ah2YGio9a0Lp68SXMBcr/s320/9c.Boldrick%20Mon..jpg-L.jpg" width="140" /></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial;">Early in the 1890s, Boldrick’s health began to fail<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>and he died in July 1904 at the</span></span><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial;"> age</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> of 61.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">He was buried in Lebanon’s Saint Augustine Catholic Cemetery in the shadow of a tall monument erected by his family. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">In death, however, he received none of the long flowery obituaries accorded many of his fellow Kentucky distillers by the Louisville press,</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Has Boldrick unjustly been overlooked in Kentucky whiskey lore.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">A case can be made.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">In contrast, George Boldrick attracted considerable attention during his lifetime.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A substantial biography appeared in the 1887 book, <i>Kentucky:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A History of the State;<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i> his portrait — the one that opens this post — was included in <i>Notable Men of Kentucky at the Beginning of the 20th Century </i>(1902), and he is referenced in the 1912 <i>History of Kentucky and Kentuckians:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The Leaders and Representative Men in Commerce, Industry and Modern Activities.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i> While today largely forgotten in Kentucky whiskey history, Boldrick,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>the “last man standing” at the Belle of Marion Distillery, deserves recognition, including this post documenting his life and accomplishments as a whiskey man.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>Notes:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>This post was written from a number of sources, including the references in the paragraph above.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A key source was Robin Preston’s <i>pre-pro.com </i>website.</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">In it he cites “Ftboldrick,” a descendant of George, for providing information.</span></p>
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</style>Jack Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01499431800088809848noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6657913448535983609.post-52381318854828882612024-02-06T04:59:00.000-08:002024-02-06T04:59:08.883-08:00 Reverse Glass Saloon Signs — Revisited<p style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2" style="font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 13px;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Last year on June 28 this website featured a post celebrating the pre-Prohibition saloon signs issued by distillers and liquor dealers that employed reverse glass, a technique known and used from medieval times.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Although these signs were relatively expensive to design and make, they were more durable than lithographs and sent a direct<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>“buy me” whiskey message to the saloon</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">patron.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Subsequently I have collected the images of eleven other such signs and am happy to bring them to the attention of my blog viewers.</span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">A word about the reverse glass technique: </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">These illustrations are painted on the opposite side of the glass (the one not presented to the audience), following an opposite succession of layers of paint, applying the front most layer first and the background layer last.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">In those signs, the final result must be well thought out before starting the piece and must be taken into account with each layer applied.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">In reverse glass paintings, details and shadows usually are painted first, while backgrounds are painted last. Different colors can be applied one after the other after each layer has dried.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">As will be seen below, often black backgrounds of paper or wood were necessary since reverse glass paintings are viewed using reflected light.</span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The first two signs displayed here were from a liquor house founded in Buffalo, New York, by German immigrant <b>August Baetzhold.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b> Coming to the United States as a carpenter, Baetzhold in 1862 opened a small liquor store on Main Street in Buffalo.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Proving to be extraordinarily able in the whiskey trade, he grew his business<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>rapidly and by 1872 he was forced to find a larger venue and purchased the Odd Fellows Hall, remodeling it from the ground up. As the “Old Diamond Wedding Rye,” sign below indicates he was the distributor of a Buffalo-made whiskey.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVAl_rOSukdSFJ5hoxQzCmovgM-Pv_XitOeno3JwkaW5NQ1_4lbgHiV8m_hh0rE6isrfaRRUrytwTDfvb5g9Yx7-e90GFz2LP7GhSAuh5cxF8RAkFeX8JcwConvTbMaxVD650_ZFjtdbQwHaersMBn2WXdgLY3Li-Lg72dfnjq2UBc63iUGwVqIumUNFBz/s822/1.%20Old%20Diamond%20Baetzold%201.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="507" data-original-width="822" height="197" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVAl_rOSukdSFJ5hoxQzCmovgM-Pv_XitOeno3JwkaW5NQ1_4lbgHiV8m_hh0rE6isrfaRRUrytwTDfvb5g9Yx7-e90GFz2LP7GhSAuh5cxF8RAkFeX8JcwConvTbMaxVD650_ZFjtdbQwHaersMBn2WXdgLY3Li-Lg72dfnjq2UBc63iUGwVqIumUNFBz/s320/1.%20Old%20Diamond%20Baetzold%201.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Baetzhold was devoted to his family.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>As his sons matured, one by one he introduced them into the business.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A Buffalo directory for 1893 showed three of them working in his wholesale wine and liquor house — August Jr., Theodore and George.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In 1908, recognizing the family affair his company had become, the father changed its name to “August Baetzold & Sons.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Under the new organization name, the Baetzolds continued providing attractive give away items, such as the reverse glass saloon sign below that advertises three Baetzold proprietary brands.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCtyqOrCa8j3mwKLi-57liuNJ3pckfs33jjmSc_etb0COzdC4oQ9relLOirIQTb7R4pFQ85-nP5eg98C5ugZ1MF1KCtiLq0hBXRZD8HdMollSKgMzJojCIE4D98qgXwp9oW2otnayfkqp-FU1ZGHeYTuheLWSQL8QnM3sr8KppTsAJuhCl_KCNV9HVlTfv/s537/2.%20Baetzold%20Rev%20Glss%202.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="390" data-original-width="537" height="232" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCtyqOrCa8j3mwKLi-57liuNJ3pckfs33jjmSc_etb0COzdC4oQ9relLOirIQTb7R4pFQ85-nP5eg98C5ugZ1MF1KCtiLq0hBXRZD8HdMollSKgMzJojCIE4D98qgXwp9oW2otnayfkqp-FU1ZGHeYTuheLWSQL8QnM3sr8KppTsAJuhCl_KCNV9HVlTfv/s320/2.%20Baetzold%20Rev%20Glss%202.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"></span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The </span><b style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Bernheim brothers, Isaac and Bernard,</b><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">were among the first distillers to see the advertising advantages of winning medals at World’s Fairs and other international expositions.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">In many such event just showing up with a display was enough to insure a medal.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Their first medal for I. W. Harper came in 1885 at the World’s Industrial and Cotton Exposition in New Orleans.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">They subsequently won a gold medal at the famed Chicago Columbian Exposition in 1893.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The Louisville-based distillers gained worldwide recognition for their whiskey and issued the reverse glass sign below to commemorate their awards.</span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfBymb8gmt7lQ_cHqNTEBfQLeg86jf7sdGymLHZ4gw3jztl-tV7dhgID5dzkonKxb_rXGKPNvI8rhPhGXsyl6Jr6NLPmMq7nbddfRDjegLq1KAINczMStpAgQOCIY49aPvCEVh6rnnYAyVGxZt8emYcScoisDYFSepwcjRPZY75fFULKejtcFr9sBNK7ND/s1200/3.%20I.W.-Harper-Whiskey-Reverse-on-Glass-Corner-Sign.-Circa-1910.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="1111" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfBymb8gmt7lQ_cHqNTEBfQLeg86jf7sdGymLHZ4gw3jztl-tV7dhgID5dzkonKxb_rXGKPNvI8rhPhGXsyl6Jr6NLPmMq7nbddfRDjegLq1KAINczMStpAgQOCIY49aPvCEVh6rnnYAyVGxZt8emYcScoisDYFSepwcjRPZY75fFULKejtcFr9sBNK7ND/s320/3.%20I.W.-Harper-Whiskey-Reverse-on-Glass-Corner-Sign.-Circa-1910.jpg" width="296" /></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">By placing ads for their whiskeys in national publications and using other advertising devices, the Bernheims captured a nationwide clientele for I. W. Harper.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">To a degree virtually unheard of in the liquor trade, the Bernheims also emphasized the use of giveaway items.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">They included wall signs, including a number on reverse glass.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The I.W. Harper saloon sign below is virtually unique for showing a painterly scene on the glass instead of an outright ad.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">This one sold at auction not long ago for $4,300.</span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiN3e5Tpdq1vUPNjfZG6dLUQNhG2CVhFzjg0VXjtbABDXlgF0aYeD1pjzdCZ5NE72l80Pa-fHeAoGJk6l6lNoJOJOv5qV64mk4pzbU7OzYJIRSqZ9Tx1Zxa9Ogu7eTUqlM0XKVfSYP31ioPKzF-RzNj2E2dhVpzQSaqTzOpIBgTxSxRbqPcpGIiY0X1Jyw8/s1102/4.%20$4,500%20%20Harper%20Rev.Gls.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1102" data-original-width="718" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiN3e5Tpdq1vUPNjfZG6dLUQNhG2CVhFzjg0VXjtbABDXlgF0aYeD1pjzdCZ5NE72l80Pa-fHeAoGJk6l6lNoJOJOv5qV64mk4pzbU7OzYJIRSqZ9Tx1Zxa9Ogu7eTUqlM0XKVfSYP31ioPKzF-RzNj2E2dhVpzQSaqTzOpIBgTxSxRbqPcpGIiY0X1Jyw8/s320/4.%20$4,500%20%20Harper%20Rev.Gls.jpg" width="208" /></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><b style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Max Selliger </b><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">with a partner, George Moore, built two thriving Louisville distilleries.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">When Moore unexpectedly died in 1896, Selliger ran both distilleries as the sole proprietor and changed the name to the Max Selliger Company.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">In a climb of 26 years at last he had reached the pinnacle of success, recognized as a true Kentucky “whiskey baron.”</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">For the next 24 years Selliger continued to manage both distilleries, establishing three of his whiskeys as national brands.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">After trademark reforms by Congress in 1904, within two years he had registered his Astor, Belmont, and Nutwood brands a second time.</span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimM-_YWYCQqnqF6vSWi4IzfdHqUfOHxAIZ_8S6QgQG2aU8QpKa-Nwj9ZDKBOZXUAc6sOuzfOESp165l18ABDlz4lU7cFUt9pnLOEwCBzDjyIG1f8QVq8jl06vPjMcqs-xT6-RwxlU0QKoyBuXZUHit9TeCYgPvD-0fxBmSdcfEwsqfX6UVSQBqRu3wfFra/s979/5.%20Nutwood-Selliger.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="670" data-original-width="979" height="219" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEimM-_YWYCQqnqF6vSWi4IzfdHqUfOHxAIZ_8S6QgQG2aU8QpKa-Nwj9ZDKBOZXUAc6sOuzfOESp165l18ABDlz4lU7cFUt9pnLOEwCBzDjyIG1f8QVq8jl06vPjMcqs-xT6-RwxlU0QKoyBuXZUHit9TeCYgPvD-0fxBmSdcfEwsqfX6UVSQBqRu3wfFra/s320/5.%20Nutwood-Selliger.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Once in full charge of the whiskey-making Selliger stepped up his merchandising, providing attractive reverse glass sign to saloons and restaurants using his liquor. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">As a result of this intense marketing he developed a nationwide market for his whiskey.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Shut down by the advent of National Prohibition in 1920,</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Max continued to be listed as a distiller in the federal census of that year.</span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiODLSq1jTtB7R0uZNhE17Y_j-OByxpOZs9_OAyFUTL8j0GhckiN89klpsX6rOKtyYF61HOeoNhuSU4qrY2XIw2VOaVaxPx_0b8AgE635at3UjugV3oeis7ZhCn4D4lCyW3SNgoaFEf0komx39oCSSwEW2Y5xORb1hBOntVyLegWi7dXwaIiMA-FECjYN8F/s480/6.%20Selliger%20Belmont.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="340" data-original-width="480" height="227" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiODLSq1jTtB7R0uZNhE17Y_j-OByxpOZs9_OAyFUTL8j0GhckiN89klpsX6rOKtyYF61HOeoNhuSU4qrY2XIw2VOaVaxPx_0b8AgE635at3UjugV3oeis7ZhCn4D4lCyW3SNgoaFEf0komx39oCSSwEW2Y5xORb1hBOntVyLegWi7dXwaIiMA-FECjYN8F/s320/6.%20Selliger%20Belmont.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">When Bourbon County Distiller <b>James A. Miller</b> died in 1860 he left several thousand dollars to <b>George G. White,</b> a man who had been a clerk at the distillery.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>With partners, White bought the facility, operating it as the Chicken Cock Distillery.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Soon the facility had a mashing capacity of 400 bushels and was turning out some 9,000 barrels annually.</span><span class="s1"> </span><span class="s2" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">About 1880 the name was changed to G.G. White Distillery and the whiskey became “J.A. Miller Chicken Cock.” </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">By dint of vigorous advertising, Chicken Cock Whiskey was sold nationwide through a wide network of distributors.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">These would have been provided with reverse glass signs featuring the image of the cocky rooster.</span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOZTZH_W5ycYnMNlxPS-9dP4p9wwXGw5VvhUu2NZrQoEGRlRItz1xOrxE4YTtu8aV4TMMV2BRQjFa92d34I0FVDsOjnYCG5OQLG2_jW5xll2f57zKENSbC9hMz93z3asATwlEsFDFxyC6yBBDsf6KbOENflzzJ0ZiMw3Aeb2428zmP4YpQAFqUpZxZszXA/s2029/7.%20Chicken%20Cock.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2029" data-original-width="2029" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOZTZH_W5ycYnMNlxPS-9dP4p9wwXGw5VvhUu2NZrQoEGRlRItz1xOrxE4YTtu8aV4TMMV2BRQjFa92d34I0FVDsOjnYCG5OQLG2_jW5xll2f57zKENSbC9hMz93z3asATwlEsFDFxyC6yBBDsf6KbOENflzzJ0ZiMw3Aeb2428zmP4YpQAFqUpZxZszXA/s320/7.%20Chicken%20Cock.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">A German immigrant, </span><b style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Simon Hirsch,</b><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> after a sojourn in Leadville, Colorado, as a saloonkeeper, arrived in Kansas City, Missouri, in 1885.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">There he established a highly successful wholesale liquor house.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Much of his success could be attributed to his gifts to saloonkeepers and other favored customers. They included a label-under-glass saloon sign for his signature brand, “Quaker Made” whiskey.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">At the St. Louis World’s Fair of 1904, Quaker Maid won a gold medal, that Hirsch put to extensive use in his advertising. His whiskey also won medals at expositions in Paris, and Portland, Oregon, both in 1905.</span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJXZFc4KaqDPeAIsDS3qCxBtllf2zUtuLDWdLRZfPtzWmS_5-7M9xdEDU3328Jq50O8klgVLJ72MRzr8o7cWRAlCLWBbgDBOBWVVZJIrsNvZ5fBd6xAD2yEBWQFP-Ye2b0sdkCCjYk8tYmBBBrwXGvVf9EXxVU-V3a8NNO_vLEzUkGceweVVg3cMlhyphenhyphenJXt/s750/8.%20Hirsch-Whiskey-ROG-Sign-KC-MO.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="486" data-original-width="750" height="207" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJXZFc4KaqDPeAIsDS3qCxBtllf2zUtuLDWdLRZfPtzWmS_5-7M9xdEDU3328Jq50O8klgVLJ72MRzr8o7cWRAlCLWBbgDBOBWVVZJIrsNvZ5fBd6xAD2yEBWQFP-Ye2b0sdkCCjYk8tYmBBBrwXGvVf9EXxVU-V3a8NNO_vLEzUkGceweVVg3cMlhyphenhyphenJXt/s320/8.%20Hirsch-Whiskey-ROG-Sign-KC-MO.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><b style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">William Harrison McBrayer,</b><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> called Judge McBrayer for much of his life, is credited with being among the handful of Kentucky distillers who raised the quality and image of the state’s whiskey to international renown. One contemporary account says of his “Cedar Creek” brand: </span><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">“It was the whiskey that made the crowned heads of Europe turn from Scotch to bourbon.</i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">”</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Whiskey promoter</span><b style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> Harry Levy </b><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">was able to persuade McBrayer to give him exclusive rights to merchandise Cedar Brook nationwide.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Levy was responsible for commissioning the reverse glass sign below.</span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2Ksh7thXNnuYfLMY9OcnqelTexW_Y-uSuLyXqEaSP_nuN-EMMbiKMdSpTvCyRmzDnj1fUurRzkHNQ5B4UzpwcWhswb0oxwnDvt1xoXHxfU2nNC1azx9XcYyjDAmWnoQvnolUafR2ddrm9VX5yvO4rz6rcJp83mIjri0J5Y_0H2R8gHhFaxWzTjGDRgR1c/s520/9a.%20McBrayer-Levy.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="389" data-original-width="520" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2Ksh7thXNnuYfLMY9OcnqelTexW_Y-uSuLyXqEaSP_nuN-EMMbiKMdSpTvCyRmzDnj1fUurRzkHNQ5B4UzpwcWhswb0oxwnDvt1xoXHxfU2nNC1azx9XcYyjDAmWnoQvnolUafR2ddrm9VX5yvO4rz6rcJp83mIjri0J5Y_0H2R8gHhFaxWzTjGDRgR1c/s320/9a.%20McBrayer-Levy.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The next sign below was from a Hudson, New York, wholesale grocer, </span><b style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Col. Charles S. Rogers.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Rogers was a major merchant in the town, with a large liquor emporium and a mansion home, indicating his affluence.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">As did many other wholesale grocers Rogers had a proprietary whiskey, “1875 Private Stock.” It was unusual, however for a grocer to advertise through a reverse glass sign.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjx2fiGR-ijSbW8rsBxTYThGBWGpBzLRglJbdielHp6lSFeT7dCIm8NNrgpYeSfejfE1bUzY73LbeOzzKxiLuCdKJQOmvrSIz4CTuB2sNlz0y-qIpAkksTNL7nx8hVfd8QYhcya1BsBN6FAsMhQ_T-o4BcPG92k43eDI-VpSAolhfzononvH5etHKfWc5Uq/s310/9b.%20C.-S.-Rogers-Whiskey-ROG-Sign.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="255" data-original-width="310" height="255" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjx2fiGR-ijSbW8rsBxTYThGBWGpBzLRglJbdielHp6lSFeT7dCIm8NNrgpYeSfejfE1bUzY73LbeOzzKxiLuCdKJQOmvrSIz4CTuB2sNlz0y-qIpAkksTNL7nx8hVfd8QYhcya1BsBN6FAsMhQ_T-o4BcPG92k43eDI-VpSAolhfzononvH5etHKfWc5Uq/s1600/9b.%20C.-S.-Rogers-Whiskey-ROG-Sign.jpg" width="310" /></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><b style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">M. T. Clarke.</b><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> a Boston liquor dealer, advertised his “Suffolk Club Whiskey” with a reverse glass sign that indicates one of the drawbacks of the medium.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">In time the paint could flake off in multiple areas, leaving a less attractive image.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Clarke made the Boston newspapers by his strong criticism of the city’s Catholic Prohibition advocacy groups.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Clarke said:</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">“I don’t think it is the province of the church to meddle in this way with a man’s business.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Whenever the church charitable societies want any money the liquor dealers are the very first people they come to see.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>And it is a fact we give more to charity and toward church work than any other one class of men in business.”</i></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkq2gxMqL6ntyfQkC3n5liQilPebQDSnrOENiTcdrXSTb-rSWr9tm177ue8uuMsheY2ol5DHmC0OckQQ2hxaZbczmKMGHc0EpamLFCQSYbCudvAHFsyazXjiErZDJV6L0WuIwYJLUiKnR59j8i93dOYQEGEa3t7B0DHlrrNo4panxmYu1lH56pZcl3Pisl/s750/9c.%20Clarke%20Boston.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="521" data-original-width="750" height="222" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkq2gxMqL6ntyfQkC3n5liQilPebQDSnrOENiTcdrXSTb-rSWr9tm177ue8uuMsheY2ol5DHmC0OckQQ2hxaZbczmKMGHc0EpamLFCQSYbCudvAHFsyazXjiErZDJV6L0WuIwYJLUiKnR59j8i93dOYQEGEa3t7B0DHlrrNo4panxmYu1lH56pZcl3Pisl/s320/9c.%20Clarke%20Boston.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><b style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Notes:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Longer articles on seven of these “whiskey men” may be found elsewhere on this website.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">They are:</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Baetzhold, March 4, 2015; Bernheim, Dec. 10. 2014;</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Selliger, May 18, 2017;</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Chicken Cock, April 8, 2015; Hirsch, Dec. 10, 2011; McBrayer, Oct. 2, 2011, and Harry Levy,</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Sept. 30, 2021.</span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"><br /></span></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"><br /></span></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"></span></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /> </span><p></p>
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</style>Jack Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01499431800088809848noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6657913448535983609.post-60612645628558195852024-02-02T05:06:00.000-08:002024-02-02T05:06:04.205-08:00Jacob Kozberg: A Refugee’s Refuge in Whiskey<p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXwyyxOGfJOHubUK8kKKUgQTuQUJmqzYCeFVHHMUMb2wexffBgEWzIUS8DX2lD4V3CNw7CiJngUUkHmtBV7_eyazCZYoS-4LCBfSDWxfqIjPirRJ97Gmy7rjxjePZmOeiApFzou0Lhb6Z6kO-vZbDttyq8L93NU3DYCE1_SRdZY7s1CBSSjEwuIGUlrcNa/s286/%201.%20Jacob%20Kozberg-%20L.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="236" data-original-width="286" height="165" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjXwyyxOGfJOHubUK8kKKUgQTuQUJmqzYCeFVHHMUMb2wexffBgEWzIUS8DX2lD4V3CNw7CiJngUUkHmtBV7_eyazCZYoS-4LCBfSDWxfqIjPirRJ97Gmy7rjxjePZmOeiApFzou0Lhb6Z6kO-vZbDttyq8L93NU3DYCE1_SRdZY7s1CBSSjEwuIGUlrcNa/w200-h165/%201.%20Jacob%20Kozberg-%20L.jpg" width="200" /></a><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Against a backdrop of anti-Semitic violence in Russia, some fifty Jewish men, women and children, taking advantage of the opening of previously Indian lands, arrived in the United States beginning in the 1900s to homestead the area around Lead, South Dakota.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Among them was a young adventurer named Jacob Kozberg, shown here, who rejected farming in favor of striking gold, only to find it — not in the ground — but by selling whiskey.</span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxz5aWxoW_KTXpbJKQjLFyZX8tKgEJap-FBlDbG5ImZKXZcGPi54WUQKoWykQwgqwfBawBPO5q1erj0sG-EuKcYPFS9gGS_ne_F26Txs8nVoiD77z-wHW3H-NazIhXeLO5tAle2beWipQ_zHvpkbTOURJW7ZJLZAtj-AB-cWbOyl2wtEIuLh3mZoDakrfA/s1280/2.%20Pogrom.jpg-R.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="855" data-original-width="1280" height="214" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxz5aWxoW_KTXpbJKQjLFyZX8tKgEJap-FBlDbG5ImZKXZcGPi54WUQKoWykQwgqwfBawBPO5q1erj0sG-EuKcYPFS9gGS_ne_F26Txs8nVoiD77z-wHW3H-NazIhXeLO5tAle2beWipQ_zHvpkbTOURJW7ZJLZAtj-AB-cWbOyl2wtEIuLh3mZoDakrfA/s320/2.%20Pogrom.jpg-R.jpg" width="320" /></a></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The Jewish refugees included members from the same Russian </span><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">shtetl </i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">(village), many related.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">They were headed by a strong but erratic leader named Harry Sinykins, who had suffered brutal beatings during the pogroms.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">After gold strikes in South Dakota, the U.S. government had broken Indian treaties to open up reserved lands for sale to white settlers.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">After a brief sojourn in Iowa, the</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Russian Jews, mostly farm families, responded by moving there.</span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZeMDr90HQtSfn58ZN0XwLDizwiEwBk4qz_NVO_UcwOziRYCFRXUD9t4V1E2XN1a_JmrujUoFtlJ0vllFZ4is3WGB_kWFn48xvS3rEm9Q2ZPVwYVqgrYkI0axteVLygajB35iQpk7N0WhJ4Ufs2U2BdGr5O1muRvpVCIyTrJxPjpbX_5exPwbBecuKNABh/s571/3.%20Jake%20-C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="436" data-original-width="571" height="244" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgZeMDr90HQtSfn58ZN0XwLDizwiEwBk4qz_NVO_UcwOziRYCFRXUD9t4V1E2XN1a_JmrujUoFtlJ0vllFZ4is3WGB_kWFn48xvS3rEm9Q2ZPVwYVqgrYkI0axteVLygajB35iQpk7N0WhJ4Ufs2U2BdGr5O1muRvpVCIyTrJxPjpbX_5exPwbBecuKNABh/s320/3.%20Jake%20-C.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyJ7QlvuSuD-TggiahGt-ZHWU0LPdLBFgmrxCppSmhSjDH2dGtfLCYV7vjCJsQIz171pN32GVAWLtGFuSv2ga7MFcU8Z8sFuxqsIES9woQxn2Gr-aF4aIrQbnX9quZ5YRPKViTqhoKK-GevZ91y-a8pcajI7neSG2h961gQB37a1NdAKa10oDziwFEcEVK/s1305/4.%20Lead%20-%20C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="851" data-original-width="1305" height="210" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyJ7QlvuSuD-TggiahGt-ZHWU0LPdLBFgmrxCppSmhSjDH2dGtfLCYV7vjCJsQIz171pN32GVAWLtGFuSv2ga7MFcU8Z8sFuxqsIES9woQxn2Gr-aF4aIrQbnX9quZ5YRPKViTqhoKK-GevZ91y-a8pcajI7neSG2h961gQB37a1NdAKa10oDziwFEcEVK/w320-h210/4.%20Lead%20-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Jacob Kozberg, then in his early 20s, was part of the migration.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>I believe the photo above shows him as he prospected for gold, looking like a true Western man, with horse and saddle, wide brimmed hat, cowboy boots, and smoking a cigar.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>When the search for gold proved unsatisfactory, Kozberg migrated to Lead, shown below as it looked in 1912.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>This city by reason of large gold strikes in the vicinity had grown from 1,400 in 1880 to more than 8,200 by the time the young man arrived.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoH_IaUvboBMbt9E4DitVc6pV2lx0Ln7nDWhzTGLwhZABQreT4FwNl2LMy7yYFmyzv9pcRnJuzmiPxuQVMaqSvfLl0lwX3HP48JiVAhaMQixQuy7P98oFRhHMTXU1OOf8Qlelbe3pqoPMA8TfjwxQNr39wdrj-Yg92NzaL3k1blI0HSgXfmhumuDSVnfhx/s819/5.%20Crosby%20Ad%20July%201914.jpg-%20L.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="790" data-original-width="819" height="193" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoH_IaUvboBMbt9E4DitVc6pV2lx0Ln7nDWhzTGLwhZABQreT4FwNl2LMy7yYFmyzv9pcRnJuzmiPxuQVMaqSvfLl0lwX3HP48JiVAhaMQixQuy7P98oFRhHMTXU1OOf8Qlelbe3pqoPMA8TfjwxQNr39wdrj-Yg92NzaL3k1blI0HSgXfmhumuDSVnfhx/w200-h193/5.%20Crosby%20Ad%20July%201914.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="200" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The failed prospector quickly befriended a local Irish saloonkeeper and liquor dealer</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> named Chris Crosby, the proprietor of a successful Lead retail establishment called the “Family Liquor Store. “ Crosby advertised his business in a 1914 ad as </span><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">“Refitted and Restocked with the Finest Lines of Wines, Liquors and Cigars.”</i><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">As partners, Crosby and Kozberg opened a combination saloon and liquor store they called “The Lobby Liquor House.”</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Below is a photo of the Lobby’s interior with Kozberg standing behind the bar.</span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgji0qCiwJzjtsaChQMPZuAh7Wca2WRX6MBjHzx6TpNZsFwuFT9ytToFw_XlctYtZklka9hIrRVXxwDuSq5AOTAkNxDIOnJ5SYVcsxde5cincO0sn45_dy2HLCuYAttX58bGnGhjAlQ5ov3ftOPT_BE43QpcisWUd1V8tFFaJv7pk1_gSEH2Ehz5rFTHhmP/s793/6.%20Kozberg%20-%20Lobby%20Saloon%20Lead.jpg-%20C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="492" data-original-width="793" height="249" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgji0qCiwJzjtsaChQMPZuAh7Wca2WRX6MBjHzx6TpNZsFwuFT9ytToFw_XlctYtZklka9hIrRVXxwDuSq5AOTAkNxDIOnJ5SYVcsxde5cincO0sn45_dy2HLCuYAttX58bGnGhjAlQ5ov3ftOPT_BE43QpcisWUd1V8tFFaJv7pk1_gSEH2Ehz5rFTHhmP/w400-h249/6.%20Kozberg%20-%20Lobby%20Saloon%20Lead.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The partners packaged their Lobby Liquor House whiskey in gallon jugs for their wholesale trade.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Those containers would have been decanted into smaller ones by customers in Lead’s many saloons and restaurants. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Shown below, the jugs came in white and brown glazes with elaborate labels advertising Crosby & Kozberg as <i>“Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Assorted Liquors and Cigars,”</i> located at 7 North Mill St. in Lead.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The jugs are prized by collectors today as examples of Redwing antique pottery.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjv3OBqMdA8HVDvwz-DLUThQzUrIJae7IecNS4ypVPIwUOMOZihXXtnjYJsmqw-jORSbhRwUwTPUFci-2Ng0HShjhguEJZlrYJHhNlvzrGsF6TjFeO9eNfW5PY_JTfecjDezgwPyypREQyj8On_byldo_iLAZAxX4H3jKYgASdwCpqjNrrwbuFdeFeiXx3B/s361/8.%20Lobby%20--%20Cros.%20&%20Koz0%201-2%20gal.%20Redwing%3F-%20ACR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="361" data-original-width="215" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjv3OBqMdA8HVDvwz-DLUThQzUrIJae7IecNS4ypVPIwUOMOZihXXtnjYJsmqw-jORSbhRwUwTPUFci-2Ng0HShjhguEJZlrYJHhNlvzrGsF6TjFeO9eNfW5PY_JTfecjDezgwPyypREQyj8On_byldo_iLAZAxX4H3jKYgASdwCpqjNrrwbuFdeFeiXx3B/w119-h200/8.%20Lobby%20--%20Cros.%20&%20Koz0%201-2%20gal.%20Redwing%3F-%20ACR.jpg" width="119" /></a><span class="s1"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJ6L6vQ4pQd8kN10kJtAKWS2ArQCdhXEkxZ1Mhb0gskG8wcVS4ieY5agl0kC0uHSQct9RNfl044rNyk2hFL_2-3Ae9pvOpNj0aH6lcItfvtRgVj_mG9vFmP9fzDmBVag4VuZQ17EbGgwT7LQ7q1z__TSzlK7KaGe6UwUUJsZmpKn1i4S2FIXPrajWedGfQ/s1500/7.%20Jug%20white.jpg-ACL.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1500" data-original-width="1000" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJ6L6vQ4pQd8kN10kJtAKWS2ArQCdhXEkxZ1Mhb0gskG8wcVS4ieY5agl0kC0uHSQct9RNfl044rNyk2hFL_2-3Ae9pvOpNj0aH6lcItfvtRgVj_mG9vFmP9fzDmBVag4VuZQ17EbGgwT7LQ7q1z__TSzlK7KaGe6UwUUJsZmpKn1i4S2FIXPrajWedGfQ/w133-h200/7.%20Jug%20white.jpg-ACL.jpg" width="133" /></a></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwxqCMFBfQDGY3ez9E2FrVv_Wk_SgJue3NQIv4qktAHXxcCxX7pzh_7EtmV1B7gsLdEth5VKszx24mahr4KAd2y-Vozyvz1TjwKS_vqk60L9H4TKaqSGr7C7GR8_A0JTewKEzBCG_8ZnAan3z3NJJxaxGTIrcHG8_kJBrratyIgQoavpWAENayFsvbdxxm/s234/9a.%20RuthSinykins%20%20Kozberg.jpg-%20R.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="234" data-original-width="125" height="234" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwxqCMFBfQDGY3ez9E2FrVv_Wk_SgJue3NQIv4qktAHXxcCxX7pzh_7EtmV1B7gsLdEth5VKszx24mahr4KAd2y-Vozyvz1TjwKS_vqk60L9H4TKaqSGr7C7GR8_A0JTewKEzBCG_8ZnAan3z3NJJxaxGTIrcHG8_kJBrratyIgQoavpWAENayFsvbdxxm/s1600/9a.%20RuthSinykins%20%20Kozberg.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="125" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Despite his busy life tending to the Lobby Liquor House, Kozberg found time to find</span></span><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"> a</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> bride.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">She was Ruth Sinykin, eight years younger than he.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Shown here, Ruth was the daughter of Harry Sinykin who by then was living in St. Paul, Minnesota.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">In a ceremony held in Lead and officiated by two rabbis, the couple enjoyed a “pretty wedding” as reported by the </span><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Lead Daily Call:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>“The hall where the wedding took place was beautifully decorated in pink and white, while rainbow colored gowns of the attendants completed the picture.” <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Three hundreds guests were served dinner indicating the affluence that quickly had accrued to the recent refugees.</span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3FWQilp3uHY4s4VQQA_eKqgxYcVJ28EFustU6Qaq5TjNIiH_PDrpOlfxF_cq_xMfH9g1znm2OkOvFcU33u-aFOjI0GrwvHPsg29EmbAIL93F0VgY6SG4_Foh3S5SGxp-9P0709hmndZ3kbyvgRdcRTlTsC9ZdgeWUZ0nQ5B1vMD5aWfvOvmT7PZ1fuaI9/s654/9b.%20The%20Lobby%20Saloon%20-%20ownr-%20C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="517" data-original-width="654" height="253" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg3FWQilp3uHY4s4VQQA_eKqgxYcVJ28EFustU6Qaq5TjNIiH_PDrpOlfxF_cq_xMfH9g1znm2OkOvFcU33u-aFOjI0GrwvHPsg29EmbAIL93F0VgY6SG4_Foh3S5SGxp-9P0709hmndZ3kbyvgRdcRTlTsC9ZdgeWUZ0nQ5B1vMD5aWfvOvmT7PZ1fuaI9/s320/9b.%20The%20Lobby%20Saloon%20-%20ownr-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3Vnrq99mPiKaEj7WKNadH0M6vPVsOj9zDII-7CT5Nd95ml4yV8vYLFtX1Wh0nIl8f4aJv2-D_hQmI_oytw1k1fUPeCVmke3mfhblLO06BieczxEXN8Mn9x622rBnwicPNZe8K41FhpHGJp0I2W29SGY3-lqrMlSUgEDWjwawZHSMZIdqjNG2eC9EE28Gx/s1600/9d.%20Sinykin%20jug.jpg-%20R.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1200" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3Vnrq99mPiKaEj7WKNadH0M6vPVsOj9zDII-7CT5Nd95ml4yV8vYLFtX1Wh0nIl8f4aJv2-D_hQmI_oytw1k1fUPeCVmke3mfhblLO06BieczxEXN8Mn9x622rBnwicPNZe8K41FhpHGJp0I2W29SGY3-lqrMlSUgEDWjwawZHSMZIdqjNG2eC9EE28Gx/w150-h200/9d.%20Sinykin%20jug.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="150" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWhdbBVaV7ZshaeUw_iLcni_lotdn4KPyOb4vFHFrBrUydgbYO47cD6TIV1m9dVtuEUDtC2y0fiJHSB3P4h9vgfu827oFnBJ1Q07WZz0iHtsJ4cMkv3oPFXuOPjiKSIBiXkvkh3DPHm3Oy7hMQq8Lvwve5iFvJQ-VCgnmdHgEmuTx-zcUYbTa5FrUDof3f/s220/9c.%20Ted%20Sinykin%20(A.T.).jpg-L.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="220" data-original-width="158" height="220" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWhdbBVaV7ZshaeUw_iLcni_lotdn4KPyOb4vFHFrBrUydgbYO47cD6TIV1m9dVtuEUDtC2y0fiJHSB3P4h9vgfu827oFnBJ1Q07WZz0iHtsJ4cMkv3oPFXuOPjiKSIBiXkvkh3DPHm3Oy7hMQq8Lvwve5iFvJQ-VCgnmdHgEmuTx-zcUYbTa5FrUDof3f/s1600/9c.%20Ted%20Sinykin%20(A.T.).jpg-L.jpg" width="158" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The bride’s brother A. T. “Ted” Sinykin was Kozberg’s best man</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> and soon to be partner in operating the Lobby Liquor House, above.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Shown here, Sinykin, in a 1917 sales agreement with Crosby, applied for a transfer of the alcohol license for the saloon and liquor establishment to himself.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">As part of his application Sinykin presented a bond</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">from the American Surety Company of $2,000 (equivalent to $51,000 today).</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The bond was accepted by the County Commission and the transfer granted.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The name on the Lobby’s jugs became Sinykin.</span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Perhaps sensing the immanence of statewide prohibition in South Dakota, Kozberg appears to have become a “silent partner” to his brother-in-law, turning over management to Sinykin while he looked to nearby Minnesota, a state that continued to be reliably “wet.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>There Kozberg came to own and operate a business he called the St. Paul Liquor House, located at 200 East 7th Street in the Minnesota city.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnSOT9wPwivo5FnHqqPhubPpbPATbFlvCnyTNS2SQz_9GajDZxL_sedK7uMZliI_rTh8N_1u0uE3SUnXuUaGst_zSV-Eec3bAdJPxCSjZCEp6ZmcxWsMhY3XKftNdFf5vnizcC9wOHMZgjyUpQ1NUSewPDIH3XUolvA-KMTgXCIlhuBvt2eScBz5OlCWDT/s580/9f.%20St%20P.%20matches.jpg-ACR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="580" data-original-width="299" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnSOT9wPwivo5FnHqqPhubPpbPATbFlvCnyTNS2SQz_9GajDZxL_sedK7uMZliI_rTh8N_1u0uE3SUnXuUaGst_zSV-Eec3bAdJPxCSjZCEp6ZmcxWsMhY3XKftNdFf5vnizcC9wOHMZgjyUpQ1NUSewPDIH3XUolvA-KMTgXCIlhuBvt2eScBz5OlCWDT/w103-h200/9f.%20St%20P.%20matches.jpg-ACR.jpg" width="103" /></a><span class="s1"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMvnFfHdfd4o3VOkJ6vdo2G-vPNXQLoQQIT6k9WUnpHVTTCZ8VzUvWIghxfi-qsRqQod1mx6DzzvWYfHlepMZQiHyBa_-jn6syzho1enMSznn8VGqfT7eK-BnoF9Bb_p_OTrDHKJd77SIy5FzaqjDCiumZpNOY0vLnt38JKYlrieGpGwj2hXWMqnJgetbo/s989/9e.%20St.%20P%20Liq.%20SG.jpg%20200%20East%207th%20St.-ACL.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="989" data-original-width="711" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMvnFfHdfd4o3VOkJ6vdo2G-vPNXQLoQQIT6k9WUnpHVTTCZ8VzUvWIghxfi-qsRqQod1mx6DzzvWYfHlepMZQiHyBa_-jn6syzho1enMSznn8VGqfT7eK-BnoF9Bb_p_OTrDHKJd77SIy5FzaqjDCiumZpNOY0vLnt38JKYlrieGpGwj2hXWMqnJgetbo/w144-h200/9e.%20St.%20P%20Liq.%20SG.jpg%20200%20East%207th%20St.-ACL.jpg" width="144" /></a></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Shown above are two artifacts from that establishment.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The first is a two-inch high shot glass that advertises Kozberg’s enterprise as carrying a<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>“complete line of wines and liquors.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A book of matches from the company recommends two two<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>brands, likely proprietary to the liquor house:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>“Golden Age Whiskey,” advertised as “Smooth and Mellow Rich,” and “Kentucky Star Whiskey,” one we are admonished to “Try It - Be Convinced.”</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Kozberg had only a few years to sell liquor in St. Paul before the 1920 imposition of National Prohibition.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>His liquor house disappeared from city directories only to be replaced by a business called The LaSalle Wholesale Drug Company that Kozberg and another relative of his wife, J. L. Sinykin, established in St. Paul.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Sinykin was manager; Kozberg, secretary. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The principal objective of this enterprise was an elaborate illegal plot to circumvent Prohibition. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The scheme worked this way:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Kozberg and Sinykin, operating as druggists were allowed to purchase large quantities of denatured alcohol.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>This product is ethanol alcohol with additives to make the alcohol poisonous, bad-tasting, foul-smelling, or nauseating and as a result to discourage recreational consumption.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The partners then provided the unpalatable liquid to co-conspirators at the Minneapolis Bluing Company, an outfit that had the capacity to re-distill the alcohol to drinkable form.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The LaSalle outfit then marketed the alcohol, sharing the profits with two blueing company executives.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">For a time those profits were enormous, estimated at $75,000 a month, the dollar equivalent today of $1,113,000, more than $13 million a year.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In time federal officials enforcing prohibitionary laws caught up with Kozberg and Sinykin.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>They were arrested, tried and convicted.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In addition to paying hefty fines, the two men, by family lore, did some prison time.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Upon his release, Kozberg returned to St. Paul where he resumed his role as a local businessman.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The 1930 federal census found him living there with wife, Ruth, and two young daughters, Pauline 13 and Betty 6.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The family was attended by a young Irish maid.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The census recorded Kozberg as the proprietor of a St. Paul cosmetics factory. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Apparently the consequences of his efforts to subvert Prohibition having been a life-changing experience,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Kozberg gave up his rowdy ways and settled into the role of a St. Paul businessman, owning and operating the Ideal Leather Manufacturing Company and becoming active in the local Masonic Lodge and Shrine.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>When he died at age 74 in October, 1962, at St. Luke’s Hospital in St. Paul, Kozberg was remembered in the press as a “prominent local businessman.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Prohibition long since had been repealed and his troubles with the law apparently forgotten. His funeral services were held at St. Paul’s Temple of Aaron and burial at the graveyard of that Jewish synagogue. On his gravestone Jacob Kozberg is remembered as <i>"beloved husband and father."</i></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOcu8NoTkVyxO8StLZXeZet-frIGaHfPsWsrvsfLX4Cf-DU0KwkYExJPXJcbKHEgF0ccs4BWsLsTdGk-eMUImyFR8X-ro_KNFifoTZJMjKe8FE23syy5evBNR5Xxo6yukkQ3ag0uEP3K0HUVLkIPKfQbuhl-4PzLmEeBPwKbbmycExwnn6zgI266fANC6C/s1024/9h.%20Kozberg.jpg-ACR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="657" data-original-width="1024" height="128" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOcu8NoTkVyxO8StLZXeZet-frIGaHfPsWsrvsfLX4Cf-DU0KwkYExJPXJcbKHEgF0ccs4BWsLsTdGk-eMUImyFR8X-ro_KNFifoTZJMjKe8FE23syy5evBNR5Xxo6yukkQ3ag0uEP3K0HUVLkIPKfQbuhl-4PzLmEeBPwKbbmycExwnn6zgI266fANC6C/w200-h128/9h.%20Kozberg.jpg-ACR.jpg" width="200" /></a><span class="s1"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7_j3eB_b0-cRfAuOFv1I19KTFBC29EpzBTcO1kCG44nM7934dPavNalQhQqYsIG1kB-aRD2894hKYH5KW1ZLjZIsLtfWddPH5bLrPgQOB57ENC07SRAa7XkalgymaF8MJN9nGumCmyR5OEnCjdfHF3ujKAp_7XQlGmyRd3RUceLZqfdLS1RsiYXEvVJIe/s1024/9g.%20Koz%20mon.%20Mo..jpg-%20AcL.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1013" data-original-width="1024" height="198" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7_j3eB_b0-cRfAuOFv1I19KTFBC29EpzBTcO1kCG44nM7934dPavNalQhQqYsIG1kB-aRD2894hKYH5KW1ZLjZIsLtfWddPH5bLrPgQOB57ENC07SRAa7XkalgymaF8MJN9nGumCmyR5OEnCjdfHF3ujKAp_7XQlGmyRd3RUceLZqfdLS1RsiYXEvVJIe/w200-h198/9g.%20Koz%20mon.%20Mo..jpg-%20AcL.jpg" width="200" /></a></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">One Kosberg legacy has continued to stir controversy.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>His riches allowed him to be a principal investor in the formation of a 6,000 acre ranch in South Dakota owned and operated by members of the Sinykin family.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>This huge spread had once been Indian country, part of a reservation snatched from Native Americans by white settlers with government approval.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyvAJZKtwgCcm4oF5tnY-nkUnhVudNvsjpijd-4cbkVwmXfi9zdZEOMd-itS_7ajYdepza9q5MbRlZim2rdnkR8tTo5Cbh29xeIWi2fcYqf3oFY0mN85WEq91I-eOzq6mU1QOpyf2h6SRgDvGI0-yyDwiCZVpCMVfQW6phBRWjDP4oCn7IRUwyOdz4U0jq/s1500/9i.%20R%20Clarren%20book.jpg-R.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1500" data-original-width="994" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyvAJZKtwgCcm4oF5tnY-nkUnhVudNvsjpijd-4cbkVwmXfi9zdZEOMd-itS_7ajYdepza9q5MbRlZim2rdnkR8tTo5Cbh29xeIWi2fcYqf3oFY0mN85WEq91I-eOzq6mU1QOpyf2h6SRgDvGI0-yyDwiCZVpCMVfQW6phBRWjDP4oCn7IRUwyOdz4U0jq/w133-h200/9i.%20R%20Clarren%20book.jpg-R.jpg" width="133" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Rebecca Clarren, a Portland-based journalist and descendant of the Sinykins, has </span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">sought out the descendants of the Lakota families displaced by the duplicitous federal policies that provided her ancestors with homesteads and ranches.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Clarren’s finding have been published in her 2023 book,</span><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> “The Cost of Free Land.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">It documents how one persecuted and displaced group aided and abetted in the displacing of another.</span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>Notes:</b> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>This post has been gathered from a variety of sources, including Sinykin family photos.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The narrative about these Jewish immigrants in which Jacob Kozberg is featured as a central figure may need amendment.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>I hope some descendant will see this post, provide material as necessary and correct any errors.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span><p></p>
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</style>Jack Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01499431800088809848noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6657913448535983609.post-9220326652672886032024-01-29T07:29:00.000-08:002024-01-29T07:34:25.784-08:00Adam Dillmann on Milwaukee’s “Whiskey Row”<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Students of American spirits are well acquainted with Louisville’s “Whiskey Row,” where so many familiar names in whiskey history had their headquarters.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Less well recognized has been Milwaukee’s Whiskey Row along Water Street, overlooking the Milwaukee River, where more than two dozen distillers, liquor dealers, and saloons plied their trade.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Among them was Adam Dillmann, a German immigrant whose entire business career would be located there,</span></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Dillmann was born in Niederbuchen, Nassau, Germany in October 1939 of unknown parentage and emigrated to the United States in 1855 when he was about 16 years old.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">The youth came aboard an American owned ship called the <i>Francis Cutting</i>, named for a New York congressman.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">The trip, only the ship’s third,</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">carried European immigrants from Antwerp to New York. The voyage proved to be controversial.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></span></p><p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrnhVBd4UXZ_i3iTCEUQCbxjh-HBkKaK4PIN0hXHhpEV5oVhEGQeqUiKqOLldzwIPyinikqngLoAP0dWGx8m7OkBZSk738wiHEcXS2sla31ddooQYdmmlO-TsG3HGr-nmnFaUOMX0fPSiW-3RD77DrAe_xMf-bQzuRcGqM_XjPrf1m1KP2P9Sp8Gcf3Tp6/s400/1.%20%20Ship.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="341" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrnhVBd4UXZ_i3iTCEUQCbxjh-HBkKaK4PIN0hXHhpEV5oVhEGQeqUiKqOLldzwIPyinikqngLoAP0dWGx8m7OkBZSk738wiHEcXS2sla31ddooQYdmmlO-TsG3HGr-nmnFaUOMX0fPSiW-3RD77DrAe_xMf-bQzuRcGqM_XjPrf1m1KP2P9Sp8Gcf3Tp6/w171-h200/1.%20%20Ship.jpg" width="171" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">First, with no explanation of the delay, the ship’s Atlantic crossing took seven weeks when a normal crossing was about four.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Second, some passengers claimed that The journey had been obstructed by whales butting the ship and that twenty passengers had died in transit, their bodies thrown overboard.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">The official log showed no whale attacks and only one death.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">While the passengers’ story subsequently was doubted, initially it raised a stir — and headlines — in New York. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">By that time Dallmann likely had headed to Milwaukee, a city with a heavily German community<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>where he may have had relatives.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Although I have been unable to find his photograph, his physical description on a passport application indicates that Dillmann was just under five feet, six inches tall, with “proportionate features” (except for a cleft chin), blue eyes and a “heathy complexion.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He also appears to have been intelligent and clearly ambitious to succeed in his adopted country.</span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"><br /></span></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9eyssgxuKm3Gk8NKsbhG_91MWoQu1xTCRJai6Y5J6IOXf2oxp2ivOdV1JZCgSiEKpVv4eRrzEeqgsnWiXgm2vNiNHq-KHUwFek2G1CaP6uCfhAPcOpt05QvdJhnaULcc4IcQNWipEw-Hog1VAIdrzgFSqNOmtCZxD2V4K7IfiYUZR2HBO5aC6wVokP659/s900/2.%201856-Map-of-Milwaukee.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="525" data-original-width="900" height="234" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9eyssgxuKm3Gk8NKsbhG_91MWoQu1xTCRJai6Y5J6IOXf2oxp2ivOdV1JZCgSiEKpVv4eRrzEeqgsnWiXgm2vNiNHq-KHUwFek2G1CaP6uCfhAPcOpt05QvdJhnaULcc4IcQNWipEw-Hog1VAIdrzgFSqNOmtCZxD2V4K7IfiYUZR2HBO5aC6wVokP659/w400-h234/2.%201856-Map-of-Milwaukee.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="400" /></span></a></div><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Shown above as it looked about the time of Dillmann’s arrival, the city on Lake Michigan had grown up around two rivers, the Menomonee and the Milwaukee.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Those waterways allowed sheltered areas for loading and unloading cargo and were a bustling economic zone.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Water Street, as it was then designated, was the center of this activity.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Adam Dillmann made it his business home.</span></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvb2qcJctCCDjPFWLilVvnxGfVYhwoDWOi7IoPHCxazw_Chsnf0HIdWw2CXIYxrXQJPnEGZ9bCYozVBHx45HvSHiaRB5IZjDiqTvM_E_oQx8jiewJJmJBCvWFaFqFGPP-pzY9oNPrwCDUTpsDIHz8-r9qG4-3go2f_61esdmCjZOu-Ak9LVd2hgCgIN8SA/s598/3.%20Milw%20River.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="415" data-original-width="598" height="222" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvb2qcJctCCDjPFWLilVvnxGfVYhwoDWOi7IoPHCxazw_Chsnf0HIdWw2CXIYxrXQJPnEGZ9bCYozVBHx45HvSHiaRB5IZjDiqTvM_E_oQx8jiewJJmJBCvWFaFqFGPP-pzY9oNPrwCDUTpsDIHz8-r9qG4-3go2f_61esdmCjZOu-Ak9LVd2hgCgIN8SA/s320/3.%20Milw%20River.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;">The Milwaukee River</span></td></tr></tbody></table><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The immigrant youth’s first occupation recorded in Milwaukee directories was in 1863 working with Peter Enders, from a prominent local meat packing family.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Dillmann was listed as co-proprietor with Enders of a saloon located at 223<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>East Water Street.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Over the next decade, Dillmann struck out on his own, running a saloon at 417 East Water Street. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>By 1882, the German immigrant had branched out, recorded with a partner named Ignatz Morqawetz in a beer bottling company at 510 13th Street.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbROqT-9fc7aLgG3OWUhhNasWFxGrT-8qDUI751vhJNymv6j2xz3h4ntRvcJnTd0ComL3pxs8ZsPo0IvobLaMWbYYws2eixkKJd-WYCVtNHSkbFj1LzPsVkczFxjat7sTcGmrGv9XyT5UKcFLxOwSF2R8n7_HSJC4EyBIimPfeyRhDtVLajiB7zh_EvCWn/s537/4.%20Menominee%20Hotel.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="463" data-original-width="537" height="173" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbROqT-9fc7aLgG3OWUhhNasWFxGrT-8qDUI751vhJNymv6j2xz3h4ntRvcJnTd0ComL3pxs8ZsPo0IvobLaMWbYYws2eixkKJd-WYCVtNHSkbFj1LzPsVkczFxjat7sTcGmrGv9XyT5UKcFLxOwSF2R8n7_HSJC4EyBIimPfeyRhDtVLajiB7zh_EvCWn/w200-h173/4.%20Menominee%20Hotel.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="200" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial;">This may have been a short-lived enterprise because within five years<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Dillmann was</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> back on Water Street — 242 West Water — as the proprietor of a wholesale wine and liquor store.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Called Adam Dillmann Company, this enterprise would be his sole occupation until the coming of National Prohibition.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">It was located successively at four addresses on West Water, each move indicating a need for more space. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">One biography also records Dillmann in 1858 buying the Menominee Hotel on West Water Street, shown right.</span></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFsTPTtoiIk6U-Casjj7AA6-EWilgVX3w2r8IBnVStTwi0sBr8Z5cOyUskajWHO1auCFnR1HvjhwepV8F8k2Yw-DJQ6sk0b8JRWT-1_3b9uJgNTpCRvSIuSIaE-RLoOpuNpghFZ9vigUVqJF4LHTCeLKrOe0PKBD2n6cLLkn7r09AVaDmGq10ED7FqCInI/s870/5.%20Dillmann%20Milw%20ltrhd.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Times; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="524" data-original-width="870" height="193" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFsTPTtoiIk6U-Casjj7AA6-EWilgVX3w2r8IBnVStTwi0sBr8Z5cOyUskajWHO1auCFnR1HvjhwepV8F8k2Yw-DJQ6sk0b8JRWT-1_3b9uJgNTpCRvSIuSIaE-RLoOpuNpghFZ9vigUVqJF4LHTCeLKrOe0PKBD2n6cLLkn7r09AVaDmGq10ED7FqCInI/s320/5.%20Dillmann%20Milw%20ltrhd.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"></p><p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQFNQsMKmTpW4hyphenhyphenMj5foXDySEG1qm9kjd04SZASJCpazltxG2Bc0MdI1Znh_YQXUarvLUn09Tzzru-E2aog-h5FL6Y636-Yrgx0CUtTEp6kg03LQpoE3K6Z6RQc39-IxFKTVxu-8xPWoPlU7nbnJlBxGFT5BZrmD7Niz8j1hAT7-dteeDqg3lANAC6GVpe/s1179/6.%20Dillmann%20flask.jpg-%20L.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1179" data-original-width="600" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQFNQsMKmTpW4hyphenhyphenMj5foXDySEG1qm9kjd04SZASJCpazltxG2Bc0MdI1Znh_YQXUarvLUn09Tzzru-E2aog-h5FL6Y636-Yrgx0CUtTEp6kg03LQpoE3K6Z6RQc39-IxFKTVxu-8xPWoPlU7nbnJlBxGFT5BZrmD7Niz8j1hAT7-dteeDqg3lANAC6GVpe/w102-h200/6.%20Dillmann%20flask.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="102" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial;">As a wholesaler Dillmann featured his own proprietary brands of whiskey. They were “Atlas Pure Rye” and “Old Capital Sour Mash.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>As the bottle shown left indicates, Dillmann demonstrated particularly good artistic sense in the design of his labels.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>This attention to detail in design carried over to the back-of-the-bar bottles he gifted to his wholesale customers in saloons, restaurants and hotels. </span></span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Because of abuses in their use, back bar bottles would be banned after Prohibition. </span></span></p><p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2F0jR42gqJ8YcMu9CT0fEYr8S2WdJ6oruVj55LN9WlqQAeV_3cAp2enBKyJUIE8hAWdOyW-v5Eask95Amxq0mAH0E9OaCp0ZOp-jaC-_vu1F7zu1RpfcbxEIkluqzTW0yGT7SCYbqNMDie-KbtGTG4_RMo2FKq8QCgbbbxGDcJSPAnQit0I8GZpSLdK2N/s491/8.%20Dillmann%20BoBB%20&%20SG.jpg-ACR.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="491" data-original-width="185" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2F0jR42gqJ8YcMu9CT0fEYr8S2WdJ6oruVj55LN9WlqQAeV_3cAp2enBKyJUIE8hAWdOyW-v5Eask95Amxq0mAH0E9OaCp0ZOp-jaC-_vu1F7zu1RpfcbxEIkluqzTW0yGT7SCYbqNMDie-KbtGTG4_RMo2FKq8QCgbbbxGDcJSPAnQit0I8GZpSLdK2N/w76-h200/8.%20Dillmann%20BoBB%20&%20SG.jpg-ACR.jpg" width="76" /></span></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgU6_rVzcBnCfCi1RwoKpa3qBgVnZRPgOCXCDv4pz7EDVlh9fzFUzE9c6gxhBh0NQXbw_wwZeQd0hWzhwmMLxkYi1DWQoMlYNGOG8VmFby6eGTDb5qStzJyaOo6q7cHtcmUMFVm2UDzlnlqwsZAZhOQh4aDrVObWkBqF9bJK6EsenliAUkHFucbvCsRR8HY/s720/7.%20Atlas%20BoBB.jpg-%20ACL.jpg" style="font-family: Times; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="248" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgU6_rVzcBnCfCi1RwoKpa3qBgVnZRPgOCXCDv4pz7EDVlh9fzFUzE9c6gxhBh0NQXbw_wwZeQd0hWzhwmMLxkYi1DWQoMlYNGOG8VmFby6eGTDb5qStzJyaOo6q7cHtcmUMFVm2UDzlnlqwsZAZhOQh4aDrVObWkBqF9bJK6EsenliAUkHFucbvCsRR8HY/w69-h200/7.%20Atlas%20BoBB.jpg-%20ACL.jpg" width="69" /></span></a></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwGVKceue61KHxMzHHL4SmEPdNA3Trji4aX9Xyo-M3rtxkahiNlI4HTqK2RtBNNvN6U58kx59TxZ_ctF0_wxYh1Kb2n_uoE0dHFWIxDb2zrPLsFgOl7_JMcYM6RSl6snAavYhFxh5CsMPKZUDM4-NiCkeAdh05ckq0ZXuplVVinT31oBFxF2KZQYf-XypF/s291/9b.%20Atlas%20SG%20%232.jpg-R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="291" data-original-width="224" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwGVKceue61KHxMzHHL4SmEPdNA3Trji4aX9Xyo-M3rtxkahiNlI4HTqK2RtBNNvN6U58kx59TxZ_ctF0_wxYh1Kb2n_uoE0dHFWIxDb2zrPLsFgOl7_JMcYM6RSl6snAavYhFxh5CsMPKZUDM4-NiCkeAdh05ckq0ZXuplVVinT31oBFxF2KZQYf-XypF/w154-h200/9b.%20Atlas%20SG%20%232.jpg-R.jpg" width="154" /></span></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1LB_5L8oOccGxVKGEsVmq5aQYuNbOMUxrIGSjfoaXces9ygZOIZgssWgsk81WqFYM9zVAq27h38-Z82px0pQj3OoX6-2xI53yTW1CeBeJnvjLhgRljyRFs-QpQcqgNqrdlUp82c6yr-ZD_UvJYfHMhvaHC5LWWu1kmxY1XnMk9XcAKGQG_Hobr5k0ZFSe/s363/9a.%20Atlas%20SG%20%231.jpg-L.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="363" data-original-width="303" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1LB_5L8oOccGxVKGEsVmq5aQYuNbOMUxrIGSjfoaXces9ygZOIZgssWgsk81WqFYM9zVAq27h38-Z82px0pQj3OoX6-2xI53yTW1CeBeJnvjLhgRljyRFs-QpQcqgNqrdlUp82c6yr-ZD_UvJYfHMhvaHC5LWWu1kmxY1XnMk9XcAKGQG_Hobr5k0ZFSe/w167-h200/9a.%20Atlas%20SG%20%231.jpg-L.jpg" width="167" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial;">Dillmann also was generous with giving away an array of shot</span></span><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial;"> glasses to both wholesale and retail customers. The example at left is a particularly attractive </span></span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">shot with an elaborate etched design that advertises Atlas Rye.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Dillmann always was careful to include his name along with the brand being advertised.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">As Dillmann’s business flourished along Milwaukee’s Water Street “Whiskey Row,” the busy proprietor was having a personal life.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>About 1861 he had married Louisa M. Wellauer, an immigrant from the German area of Switzerland.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In rapid succession the couple would have four children, William, born 1862, Albert 1863.</span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjslWaJN3Yt-dzJLZBLxJ83ThiqQF-QJgg3p7UPCpHydKkIbqBN29rsfqyOQ_XvFtENef4VE5BX4kVvnawHjJ8CpP62Enj7Uj4vGYzpDPglLYzpOPRvbb3_qdufWUyUDagAHjHbD6fPABITyj7OEAVuzQnErBvgCboioUFRVWIqZqzP-4YbQ59Frr07jefv/s396/9d.%20Atlas%20SG%20%235%20Atlas%20SG.jpg-ACR.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="396" data-original-width="303" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjslWaJN3Yt-dzJLZBLxJ83ThiqQF-QJgg3p7UPCpHydKkIbqBN29rsfqyOQ_XvFtENef4VE5BX4kVvnawHjJ8CpP62Enj7Uj4vGYzpDPglLYzpOPRvbb3_qdufWUyUDagAHjHbD6fPABITyj7OEAVuzQnErBvgCboioUFRVWIqZqzP-4YbQ59Frr07jefv/w153-h200/9d.%20Atlas%20SG%20%235%20Atlas%20SG.jpg-ACR.jpg" width="153" /></span></a><span class="s1" style="font-size: medium;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiSkn8G9wpjvO3mjtJYHvaZjyQ4vm9SoksmlFzty9-k2Ak957s5XoPJb7WFFd63emu0mTp6KmWmu3HySDwxTx69MT0RSN-Cdn_JrlXOtbT2TB_GmNLaxchTaaWtZFLS40CyUHLCMbbS-a-qzYkO4WSjHxwEa8SKf8IrNAGugDFG-9tSvmNWxpwLLBidzpt/s280/9c.Atlas%20SG%20%234.jpg-ACL.jpg" style="clear: left; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="280" data-original-width="260" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiSkn8G9wpjvO3mjtJYHvaZjyQ4vm9SoksmlFzty9-k2Ak957s5XoPJb7WFFd63emu0mTp6KmWmu3HySDwxTx69MT0RSN-Cdn_JrlXOtbT2TB_GmNLaxchTaaWtZFLS40CyUHLCMbbS-a-qzYkO4WSjHxwEa8SKf8IrNAGugDFG-9tSvmNWxpwLLBidzpt/w186-h200/9c.Atlas%20SG%20%234.jpg-ACL.jpg" width="186" /></a></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Edward, 1865, and Louise 1867.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Apparently his family status occasioned Dillman’s interest in becoming an American citizen.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Although he applied in November 1860, his certificate of naturalization was not issued until May of 1866 with no explanation of the long delay.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The certificate was<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>recently offered for public sale on the Internet for $89.95.</span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSANEPAJWr-ppdU81r875M-PR34MT_m5hl9_Y_5T6M-MBzXDK2L7-e_9v15ZIs2RCykcS0g0EPhcwc79sCHEHf9UDAZXivpCoQrs1Dl2gvLSubv7OdUKRaPanFbQzH7qIsnvm8c_TzO-Ae8E3LKzSGBqHdUnxXaWlKiRAU-HTuArrfvF9-ZIkJwbh77P6t/s573/9e.Cert.%201866%20$89.95.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="font-family: Times; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="573" data-original-width="384" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSANEPAJWr-ppdU81r875M-PR34MT_m5hl9_Y_5T6M-MBzXDK2L7-e_9v15ZIs2RCykcS0g0EPhcwc79sCHEHf9UDAZXivpCoQrs1Dl2gvLSubv7OdUKRaPanFbQzH7qIsnvm8c_TzO-Ae8E3LKzSGBqHdUnxXaWlKiRAU-HTuArrfvF9-ZIkJwbh77P6t/s320/9e.Cert.%201866%20$89.95.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="214" /></span></a></div><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1" style="font-size: medium;"></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">As his children matured, Dillmann brought them into his Water Street liquor house.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>When Dillmann’s eldest son, William, came of age he was put to work as a clerk.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He would be followed several years later by a younger son, Edward.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>As the young men learned the whiskey trade, their father advanced them into management.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>William became vice president; Edward, secretary-treasurer. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBTjfs7fHlIcCM-rtq4t93BQeewaSJVTrd10XpwxC4EHx21VyhyXG2vodNLQQ18Aul3QVfCrcymg6gKNcGzRoTlY7BtAUkGKWxsrEa5s96SRSDDZmL1G4AwxctrFjmqkd2T4DFbl7GmSVqGFao7UjSbFmS89OKKpaiK3omfMi30O2-P7CI7YSTppSL3nTY/s916/9f.%20124%20WATER%20ST..jpg-%20C.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="486" data-original-width="916" height="170" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBTjfs7fHlIcCM-rtq4t93BQeewaSJVTrd10XpwxC4EHx21VyhyXG2vodNLQQ18Aul3QVfCrcymg6gKNcGzRoTlY7BtAUkGKWxsrEa5s96SRSDDZmL1G4AwxctrFjmqkd2T4DFbl7GmSVqGFao7UjSbFmS89OKKpaiK3omfMi30O2-P7CI7YSTppSL3nTY/s320/9f.%20124%20WATER%20ST..jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial;">When Dillmann entered his seventh decade as a Water Street saloonkeeper and </span></span><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial;">liquor dealer, he made one last move to 124 West Water Street, shown here.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">His health faltered and he died in 1914, age 75 , with wife Louisa and his sons by his bedside.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Dillmann was buried in a family plot in Forest Home Cemetery on Milwaukee’s South Side.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">His monument and gravestone are shown below.</span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcfJUIdysOBSgPS7Pw8YjKuVsNAMpLSH2a_XaHh-Or99MRfq5vLp2MiH2vYOHfkIkFhVEYoRolw7UODatrnqp63cCsw2cGxX8yyIC3fuUQCxwauWUAHv0GdXS18qJU4AJ9Sg8Coa_v8hbermdlnMdnm93U8I4WU0hILcpE_YIK_VweiB4yon4JtqPDy_dQ/s602/9h.%20Dillmann%20grave.jpg-%20ACR.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="452" data-original-width="602" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcfJUIdysOBSgPS7Pw8YjKuVsNAMpLSH2a_XaHh-Or99MRfq5vLp2MiH2vYOHfkIkFhVEYoRolw7UODatrnqp63cCsw2cGxX8yyIC3fuUQCxwauWUAHv0GdXS18qJU4AJ9Sg8Coa_v8hbermdlnMdnm93U8I4WU0hILcpE_YIK_VweiB4yon4JtqPDy_dQ/w200-h150/9h.%20Dillmann%20grave.jpg-%20ACR.jpg" width="200" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMh2edvh7YjcndlMhYfM3AhlAC1rTlxNR2KLVY5BD2Zo2wDnXu6p6uALEhbRFJtiau1-tLHcVxpj-nBa89cKxrvkfXkfi7X-uKKMp8iw7w7ivGo_EvcRXMQMCplQQCdDTNNh5qi8hblPy4zLQ4mDKLOrRnQcKPD-LmaJYF3vHPaa4rB64q8pB5IPrFrw-p/s602/9g.%20Dillmann%20Mon..jpg-%20ACL.jpg" style="clear: left; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="452" data-original-width="602" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMh2edvh7YjcndlMhYfM3AhlAC1rTlxNR2KLVY5BD2Zo2wDnXu6p6uALEhbRFJtiau1-tLHcVxpj-nBa89cKxrvkfXkfi7X-uKKMp8iw7w7ivGo_EvcRXMQMCplQQCdDTNNh5qi8hblPy4zLQ4mDKLOrRnQcKPD-LmaJYF3vHPaa4rB64q8pB5IPrFrw-p/w200-h150/9g.%20Dillmann%20Mon..jpg-%20ACL.jpg" width="200" /></a><span style="font-family: arial;"><span class="s1"></span></span></span></p><p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Following the patriarch’s death, William Dillmann became president of the company and Dillmann’s widow, Louisa, vice president.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>As National Prohibition became an almost certain reality,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>the family decided to shut the doors on their enterprise.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In 1919 “Adam Dillmann Co.” disappeared forever from Milwaukee city directories and Water Street.</span></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">With the imposition of the total alcohol ban the following January, the West Water Street “Whiskey Row” emptied out.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Gone were the distilleries, wholesale liquor houses and saloons that once had made the avenue a colorful and vibrant part of Milwaukee’s urban landscape.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Today its whiskey history is just a brief mention in historical tours of the city’s downtown.</span></span></p>
<p class="p4" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>Notes:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b> This post was assembled from a number of sources, including city directories and the U.S. census.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The strange story of the 1855 voyage of the <i>Francis Cutting </i>that brought Adam Dillmann to America is drawn from <i>New York Times</i> stories at the time.</span></span></p>
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</style>Jack Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01499431800088809848noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6657913448535983609.post-25010869221572994532024-01-25T07:37:00.000-08:002024-01-25T14:56:49.330-08:00 Jacob Spears & the Origin of Kentucky “Bourbon”<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">For decades the controversy over who first called Kentucky whiskey “bourbon” has persisted without a definitive answer.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Despite conflicting views one individual has emerged as the the most likely candidate.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">He is Jacob Spears (1854-1825).</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Pennsylvania born, Revolutionary War soldier, early settler in Bourbon County, and pioneer</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">American distiller, Spears increasingly is being credited as the first to name his distilled product “bourbon.”</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Whether or not the attribution is valid, Spears’s history of itself is well worth recounting.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0HOIik9vqFdb7KiOuQjCJF4SV4hI1kWhOrralEDeSVqOM12dFFZdmVtjISkb3kM14oMBNfBcXOGxUCPfKtn95V_-Y8W3Yru8nA1SGiocIZzUT0NdwEN6AAE2utni4VLBpCgBDn0Aczfdh130oK9UMk5nEOW3gFUsuzqgBmK79ZQjPsL9PRMNuKBrOSlsv/s390/1a.%20Spears.jpg-%20L.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="390" data-original-width="340" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0HOIik9vqFdb7KiOuQjCJF4SV4hI1kWhOrralEDeSVqOM12dFFZdmVtjISkb3kM14oMBNfBcXOGxUCPfKtn95V_-Y8W3Yru8nA1SGiocIZzUT0NdwEN6AAE2utni4VLBpCgBDn0Aczfdh130oK9UMk5nEOW3gFUsuzqgBmK79ZQjPsL9PRMNuKBrOSlsv/w174-h200/1a.%20Spears.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="174" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Shown here in maturity, Spears was born in Rockingham County, Virginia, in January 1954, the son of Henry Speers and Regina Froman Speers (family members spelled their surname in several ways).</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">After fathering ten or eleven of his fourteen children in Virginia,</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Henry sold his land and moved the family north to a new homestead on the Monongahela River in Southwest Pennsylvania, near the future town of Belle Vernon.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">There Jacob grew up.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">He may have had early experience with liquor, recorded by Surveyors Mason and Dixon as having met the youth in the mid-1760s working in a Pennsylvania tavern.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Spears, age 28, next is found as a private in the Pennsylvania militia during the Revolutionary War.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>With other militia soldiers, Spears was deployed to garrison duty in Harrodsburg and vicinity, one of three white settlements in what would become Kentucky (carved from Virginia).<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>This area was prime farming country, with the Licking River providing a water route to the wider America.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Some records indicate Spears had been advanced to sergeant, but his gravestone marks him as a private.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The memorial also cites him as having been present at the 1881 Battle of Yorktown, but I can find no corroboration.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Spears also is recorded involved in a disastrous late-war conflict known as the Sandusky Expedition.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In May 1782 Colonel William Crawford led about 500 volunteer militiamen, most of them from Pennsylvania, including Spears, deep into what now is Northern Ohio to destroy Indian villages that had been harassing white settlements. Getting wind of the expedition, the Indians and their British allies stationed in Detroit gathered to oppose them.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeopFlhoGXLA0dxK4xZ68hCG0SdZSY07swR8F4B-o06ymy15FbANBPo3xzte7v7eEx9wfRfW1cpxq1hNfRsLhrvYAFTIzbagrH9UxzXJn_modMzMy2rlZWMtNTqvMuGM_v-DL-NmZnovbKbC5cGy6b45vYlC5UT862ZMyA5kN_Nb7kxqMzWFy8h8zDnu8L/s600/3.%20battle_of_sandusky.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Times; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="600" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeopFlhoGXLA0dxK4xZ68hCG0SdZSY07swR8F4B-o06ymy15FbANBPo3xzte7v7eEx9wfRfW1cpxq1hNfRsLhrvYAFTIzbagrH9UxzXJn_modMzMy2rlZWMtNTqvMuGM_v-DL-NmZnovbKbC5cGy6b45vYlC5UT862ZMyA5kN_Nb7kxqMzWFy8h8zDnu8L/w400-h200/3.%20battle_of_sandusky.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="400" /></span></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">As depicted above a battle occurred on June 4 in which the Americans were badly outnumbered, taking refuge in a grove of trees that came to be known as “Battle Island.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Surrounded and facing defeat the militiamen attempted to escape after dark.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The retreat became a rout and Crawford was separated from most of his men.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Captured, he was tortured by the Indians and burned at the stake. An estimated 70 militiamen were killed or executed. Miraculously, most of the force found their way through the thick forest back to safety in Pennsylvania.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Spears was among the survivors.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Living in Western Pennsylvania with the Revolutionary War won, Spears well remembered his days in Kentucky country and the fertile lands around what would become Bourbon County, named for the French Royal House of Bourbon.</span></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Spears seems particularly drawn by the proximity of the Licking River, the watershed for a major area of Kentucky, flowing north through miles of Kentucky countryside touching 23 of Kentucky’s 120 counties and ending at the Ohio River.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>There a one way water route opened up a<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>significant part of the new Nation via the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers and onto the Atlantic Ocean.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s3">In 1786 Spears had married a Pennsylvania woman named Elizabeth Kellar. Jacob was 32, Elizabeth, 21.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Their first three children, Rachel, Rebecca, and Solomon were born in Pennsylvania.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Although the historical record is silent, my surmise is that during this period Spears was involved in the liquor trade, running a tavern and possibly experimenting with distilling on the side.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Perhaps with the “Whiskey Rebellion” (1891-1894) brewing in his corner of Pennsylvania, the pioneer lands of Kentucky beckoned to him.</span><span class="s1"> </span><span class="s3">Accordingly, Spears moved from Pennsylvania to a homestead near a settlement<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>that became Paris, Kentucky.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJv7lrvTTGOo_FGkyAZMhs9NMECU0aWG3pgY4Gd1UVVRFQsVkWeKF94rwxMfMyv-HKhZ6IEgwNOhzB6daZTSmAIlg0KEKFSM3CnMZe-v6seajqqqFy9XD-H3zDfGvRszvD-c46hyphenhyphenfr0ZAr5UYPXe9ZeD9lS_Rm1re_tbcAJK-LdoLFZ_dpVGR1IuQb60FJ/s1061/5.Jacob_Spears_House_2-1.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Times; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="705" data-original-width="1061" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJv7lrvTTGOo_FGkyAZMhs9NMECU0aWG3pgY4Gd1UVVRFQsVkWeKF94rwxMfMyv-HKhZ6IEgwNOhzB6daZTSmAIlg0KEKFSM3CnMZe-v6seajqqqFy9XD-H3zDfGvRszvD-c46hyphenhyphenfr0ZAr5UYPXe9ZeD9lS_Rm1re_tbcAJK-LdoLFZ_dpVGR1IuQb60FJ/s320/5.Jacob_Spears_House_2-1.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The move to Kentucky enhanced Spears’ opportunity at making whiskey.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He had ample land on which to grow grain, a source for water, and space for a distilling infrastructure.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The couple would have three more children in Kentucky, again giving them Old Testament names:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Noah, Abram, and Sarah.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Spears housed this growing family in a house some dubbed “The Stone Castle.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Shown above as it looks today, the original Federal style structure was built for Spears in 1790 by Thomas Metcalfe, a future governor of Kentucky.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>It has been expanded and altered over time.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2KtbQKRq1aslRfDoNLM11OKc141vtwfDt4XMATQK7Xw-V-wBAGcflGeR7-euD4fFiD44CzacwLXL4T9eiDbyrGIlNF6roRw9mWPxQ83aKCXI2eBcILacCITTLGPqL2CjJVUkDL-I45lvbzLwR55ILCugkMEIImAzOspl-Sqne3cdJN-z-8THkt1vOSXk1/s1061/7.%20Jacob_Spears_Distillery.jpg-%20ACR.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="705" data-original-width="1061" height="133" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2KtbQKRq1aslRfDoNLM11OKc141vtwfDt4XMATQK7Xw-V-wBAGcflGeR7-euD4fFiD44CzacwLXL4T9eiDbyrGIlNF6roRw9mWPxQ83aKCXI2eBcILacCITTLGPqL2CjJVUkDL-I45lvbzLwR55ILCugkMEIImAzOspl-Sqne3cdJN-z-8THkt1vOSXk1/w200-h133/7.%20Jacob_Spears_Distillery.jpg-%20ACR.jpg" width="200" /></span></a><span class="s3" style="font-size: medium;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7tM2PUeSZcIipopgVXx4F2b3vqPmL1TuuEwUTpMQEAMv8mLIX0RDG_jAl7ZkUlUEwAA5XLyoxpusQPhRoLFMzEv8cnAPXQSx8sZm_LIyU7jES98CZyAQqVIr5vp7QRuhieI5YX8tDR9keAzyqS_PIVGR50nGuL3G0tCDTS-7ynbT7uTRyf2rqAZxeCwuS/s6016/6.%20Jacob_Spears_Distillery%20copy.jpg-ACL.jpg" style="clear: left; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="4000" data-original-width="6016" height="133" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7tM2PUeSZcIipopgVXx4F2b3vqPmL1TuuEwUTpMQEAMv8mLIX0RDG_jAl7ZkUlUEwAA5XLyoxpusQPhRoLFMzEv8cnAPXQSx8sZm_LIyU7jES98CZyAQqVIr5vp7QRuhieI5YX8tDR9keAzyqS_PIVGR50nGuL3G0tCDTS-7ynbT7uTRyf2rqAZxeCwuS/w200-h133/6.%20Jacob_Spears_Distillery%20copy.jpg-ACL.jpg" width="200" /></a></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial;">Outbuildings, shown above, apparently provided Spears with sufficient infrastructure to accomplish his distilling and ability to store the resulting barrels for aging.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>How the distilling process was accomplished is not apparent but the organization of the warehouse was described in 1917 by Journalist Wayne Cottingham who grew up in Bourbon County:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i> “The racks for holding the barrels were gone but the large timbers which had held them were in place. A door elevated in the wall was used for unloading directly from wagons onto a floor built about four feet above the ground. The old rope windlass employed in raising the barrels to the wooden loft was usable. The age of the loft was shown by the rough timbers sixteen or eighteen inches in diameter, hewn only on two sides.” </i></span></span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">The building is said to have held 2,500 barrels of aging whiskey.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzKWNkWKqSaBCUZOHYI7y4Dra6WqxkErEPvxFNpsDOHI6wOCcqnNjBWuhpQxopxIXjO0EV9aCC4UToERupObpLNWaxuuqsVfxcf_atPblIPMzV4WcDOpWgUP_Lg3TrDWtRbd7VdNcGroZDKk1tmmVM6pBMKcUhH6Tok32I-X2xhD-i9byH8Wr3mJVQ9l0D/s473/8a.%20Bourbon%20sign.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Times; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="232" data-original-width="473" height="157" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzKWNkWKqSaBCUZOHYI7y4Dra6WqxkErEPvxFNpsDOHI6wOCcqnNjBWuhpQxopxIXjO0EV9aCC4UToERupObpLNWaxuuqsVfxcf_atPblIPMzV4WcDOpWgUP_Lg3TrDWtRbd7VdNcGroZDKk1tmmVM6pBMKcUhH6Tok32I-X2xhD-i9byH8Wr3mJVQ9l0D/s320/8a.%20Bourbon%20sign.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"><i></i></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvCbWvTZeyC1smhLYZ4MC0x0pga8diju7WFonUsWSwo2j5NLlurGLbJOqwmoNuSbOmNrcO18k_ftFZuOxh83JJUYHVL2AKrH_L9z1IHxT-fLjg0rbQ6NmyA630T4tvyHLrCUem0Pin7Qun1ja7a6fFPdblx23AsvvQslPUn4erEcS_5mCTrH0ymZ929B2h/s899/8b.%20JacobSpears_to_OHRiver%20L.%20jpg.-%20R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="899" data-original-width="696" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvCbWvTZeyC1smhLYZ4MC0x0pga8diju7WFonUsWSwo2j5NLlurGLbJOqwmoNuSbOmNrcO18k_ftFZuOxh83JJUYHVL2AKrH_L9z1IHxT-fLjg0rbQ6NmyA630T4tvyHLrCUem0Pin7Qun1ja7a6fFPdblx23AsvvQslPUn4erEcS_5mCTrH0ymZ929B2h/w155-h200/8b.%20JacobSpears_to_OHRiver%20L.%20jpg.-%20R.jpg" width="155" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial;">Beginning sometime in the 1790s, Spears began a major distilling operation and</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> developed a local reputation for the quality of his whiskey.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">As the 19th Century </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">dawned and his production exceeded local demand, he hatched the idea of sending it by water to sell in other parts of the new Nation.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">The Licking River would be his highway to the outside world.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">The map shown here documents the long and tortuous route via the Licking to the Ohio River.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">A modern observer has noted:</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><i style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> “The 1810 Bourbon County Census relays that Bourbon County had 128 distilleries and produced over 146,000 gallons of whiskey and Jacob Spears was at the epicenter of the production…The Licking and Ohio Rivers played an integral part in Mr. Spears success as a businessman.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> Below: The confluence of the Licking and the Ohio.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYY4an3OVIMXacnyD7j5t3_lchXjPk48wMsMmCo7CyzBEFall2JO1Dph3TaRMe2rb_0JN5_gV1fwleXU6TDOuJwJCLjTv26TEudEc3mu8Rj0Oh7SVAEsDnvPR-bQjzZdHg5kfO3PskOJ5vCHjOGpYeNMqCprXMs3ZLx5vS6DTFoi2RzGIo5xgGiPFXHk7q/s641/9a.%20Licking_river%20joins%20Ohio.%20at%20Cinci.jpg-%20L.jpg" style="font-family: Times; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="362" data-original-width="641" height="226" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYY4an3OVIMXacnyD7j5t3_lchXjPk48wMsMmCo7CyzBEFall2JO1Dph3TaRMe2rb_0JN5_gV1fwleXU6TDOuJwJCLjTv26TEudEc3mu8Rj0Oh7SVAEsDnvPR-bQjzZdHg5kfO3PskOJ5vCHjOGpYeNMqCprXMs3ZLx5vS6DTFoi2RzGIo5xgGiPFXHk7q/w400-h226/9a.%20Licking_river%20joins%20Ohio.%20at%20Cinci.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="400" /></span></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3" style="font-size: medium;"></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"><i></i></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhy8VZpGB58ywlmQjAISgHSiyGJufZtvOF9wH9z9jTsth3Ezm4KrkqMSzudFkLu9q8FtT0GR6n_SW_wnYv-DG_7QbAO8EVS8MRj4dYWglAL6SUNJD7Sd2bjvGBZc3iWblh0oCIaKzJhSenMEMfBBR5Js4M9OiF03Rwk7PmY3HrmBkGUPGPjwieaH6uLAtb7/s627/9b.%20Flatboat-C.tiff" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="375" data-original-width="627" height="191" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhy8VZpGB58ywlmQjAISgHSiyGJufZtvOF9wH9z9jTsth3Ezm4KrkqMSzudFkLu9q8FtT0GR6n_SW_wnYv-DG_7QbAO8EVS8MRj4dYWglAL6SUNJD7Sd2bjvGBZc3iWblh0oCIaKzJhSenMEMfBBR5Js4M9OiF03Rwk7PmY3HrmBkGUPGPjwieaH6uLAtb7/s320/9b.%20Flatboat-C.tiff" width="320" /></span></a><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Barrels of Spears’ whiskey were carried north by flatboat poled with the current, the ultimate destination being New Orleans via the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>It was a oneway trip for the boats dependent as they were on the currents to propel them. Once in The Big Easy, the craft were unloaded and broken up for their wood.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The flatboat men would walk back to their homes.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>That chore most often fell to Spear’s adult son, Noah, who is said to have made 13 trips to New Orleans and walked back to Bourbon County with a money bag strapped to his body. Noah used the Natchez Trace trail, below, traversing Indian country where robberies were common.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Spears allowed son Abram to go along when he reached 16.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhli06RYVNbuOwVbroCFGi-xiRp3k5KeuPUQEC_bMmgzk5T0_owQfdm7pkKJAzL-Tt2ZmX8TJiiAeNdwZEX4xiTHuuDbcCSaZyJxAGBpR1YPDAhvr3bKg-VuAKlbKbEoYxE2k2xfy8rtlQlgoT_PrTlUD3Nj8ttQhcRE9V9yh3dcVy8fvcrxLTQnKTC9s5W/s640/9c.%20Natchez%20Trace.jpg-L.jpg" style="font-family: Times; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="360" data-original-width="640" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhli06RYVNbuOwVbroCFGi-xiRp3k5KeuPUQEC_bMmgzk5T0_owQfdm7pkKJAzL-Tt2ZmX8TJiiAeNdwZEX4xiTHuuDbcCSaZyJxAGBpR1YPDAhvr3bKg-VuAKlbKbEoYxE2k2xfy8rtlQlgoT_PrTlUD3Nj8ttQhcRE9V9yh3dcVy8fvcrxLTQnKTC9s5W/w400-h225/9c.%20Natchez%20Trace.jpg-L.jpg" width="400" /></span></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3" style="font-size: medium;"></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Spears is believed to have demonstrated uncommon marketing savvy in selling his whiskey in New Orleans, apparently branding it in a way to make it distinct on the city market.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He recognized that New Orleans was a “hyper-French” city.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Bourbon County was named after the French Royal dynasty to which many residents would have had at least some measure of fealty.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Spears seemingly calculated that by marketing his whiskey there as “bourbon,” he could strike a note of recognition among the Cajun populace.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Noah’s 13 visits attests to his father’s success.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Spears later years were marked by relative affluence, surrounded by adult family members, and grandchildren.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Each of his three sons were involved in the distillery, allowing him time to be involved in the local and national politics of the day.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A measure of Spears’ standing is indicated by a February 1799 meeting to nominate representatives to the Constitutional Convention that was held in his home.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGTy9f8jDU4nOLyQ1414vC1-2WS7pV7vtYOaD3n5Oy6xEqtpZw7Zm1j-ASDNW7K44NogFnhbpwMd6M3b6MiOQ584skqg_AiNAvioA7EWyU6Cntea7G6gQqvWWw1yL34zrsK3e87Ej2BoSHVa1AtKNOKv8iOH5vKaLFRa5NSAQuu-DmK79ev4xhQVxNwTZb/s2727/9d.%20Spears%20grave.jpeg-%20C.jpeg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1986" data-original-width="2727" height="233" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgGTy9f8jDU4nOLyQ1414vC1-2WS7pV7vtYOaD3n5Oy6xEqtpZw7Zm1j-ASDNW7K44NogFnhbpwMd6M3b6MiOQ584skqg_AiNAvioA7EWyU6Cntea7G6gQqvWWw1yL34zrsK3e87Ej2BoSHVa1AtKNOKv8iOH5vKaLFRa5NSAQuu-DmK79ev4xhQVxNwTZb/s320/9d.%20Spears%20grave.jpeg-%20C.jpeg" width="320" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial;">In February 1825 Jacob Spears died and was buried in a plot on a site behind his</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> house.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">He was 74 years old. His elaborate gravestone, below, told the story of his Revolutionary War service and names his six children.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">The farm and distillery became the property of the eldest son, Solomon, who sold them before dying in 1830, only five years after his father. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Below is a picture of the Spears house and distillery as they look today.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The site, although credited as holding the oldest distillery building extant in Kentucky, is privately owned and not on the Kentucky Bourbon trail.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A historical marker noting Spear’s distillery is located a mile from the site.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQ6dBV_JhDis1X9KhnDKN1g4-8WMONaL6fGbX7MhDFpzteOLJYAsS0erk2lY2ewuuU68ZQ-5r86u1zETvmH2cpdgSaRztwXoBWA_Fr0CwPH03h2PDYQLUfaGAVpJI4sVLfl0ANqis_yQplel9bQvNS-QIEpK_9hYbaE7BL9P_ooOsKMvUYgTafNAwzximJ/s805/9e.%20look%20today%20.jpg-ACL.jpg" style="font-family: Times; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="270" data-original-width="805" height="134" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQ6dBV_JhDis1X9KhnDKN1g4-8WMONaL6fGbX7MhDFpzteOLJYAsS0erk2lY2ewuuU68ZQ-5r86u1zETvmH2cpdgSaRztwXoBWA_Fr0CwPH03h2PDYQLUfaGAVpJI4sVLfl0ANqis_yQplel9bQvNS-QIEpK_9hYbaE7BL9P_ooOsKMvUYgTafNAwzximJ/w400-h134/9e.%20look%20today%20.jpg-ACL.jpg" width="400" /></span></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3" style="font-size: medium;"></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0IjzGZurUo1vjpbjuiEsdFJIYg1J6oiozAGMpmL_vJTOsL6poYVSxjKIqcmgJUXJyRQS-au8SlSGpUpCaUhW4fGk8PKXSeFXK6WCCjRdX7CSucgS7cyLZLk_eVfXp5B6c5OFltkp5qPe7cUqJILdFhIgHdurS1qzm2iEXLJXpJQH2-722Ni8ynPlWAFqE/s500/9f.%20Historical%20sign.jpg-ACR.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="375" data-original-width="500" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0IjzGZurUo1vjpbjuiEsdFJIYg1J6oiozAGMpmL_vJTOsL6poYVSxjKIqcmgJUXJyRQS-au8SlSGpUpCaUhW4fGk8PKXSeFXK6WCCjRdX7CSucgS7cyLZLk_eVfXp5B6c5OFltkp5qPe7cUqJILdFhIgHdurS1qzm2iEXLJXpJQH2-722Ni8ynPlWAFqE/s320/9f.%20Historical%20sign.jpg-ACR.jpg" width="320" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial;">Meanwhile the debate on who first attached “bourbon “ to Kentucky whiskey raged on</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> for years.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">In his 2016 book </span><i style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">“Bourbon: The Rise, Fall, and Rebirth of an American Whiskey,”</i><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Author Fred Minnick painstakingly goes through a list of seven Kentucky distillers who have been suggested as the “father” of bourbon and anoints Jacob Spears.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">I believe his assessment is accurate and generally accepted in Kentucky and elsewhere.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhd9PgeKueYFfIJuoAHLQ-wAdpR_RQLf3dxM73uwoebCy9ry8RV_Zp8p7v6qir3As9c-meCR41JVja2RQTYpCrQkvvoMNiJpOtJKoLgOytv-0iT7sf78yZQ6OmeHcUHnadFrw0D1uxtKRYnQplEvQgIeBrb46FRlckP6bGYRLROfn38qGbmlbN5yATXN60/s532/9g.%20Jacob%20Spears%20pix%201754-c1825.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="532" data-original-width="459" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhd9PgeKueYFfIJuoAHLQ-wAdpR_RQLf3dxM73uwoebCy9ry8RV_Zp8p7v6qir3As9c-meCR41JVja2RQTYpCrQkvvoMNiJpOtJKoLgOytv-0iT7sf78yZQ6OmeHcUHnadFrw0D1uxtKRYnQplEvQgIeBrb46FRlckP6bGYRLROfn38qGbmlbN5yATXN60/w173-h200/9g.%20Jacob%20Spears%20pix%201754-c1825.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="173" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>Notes:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b> This post was researched from a</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> wide number of sources.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Major ones are referenced in the text.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">The </span><i style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Ancestry</i><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> website was another with data on Spears and his family.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Additionally, Fred Minnick has written:</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><i style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> “As an author, you hope that one day your words can positively influence another person. The more I dug into Jacob Spears’ past, the more I realized how important he was to our beloved spirit.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>And I’m honored that this research toil has led to a magnificent new chapter in whiskey.” </i><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> I think Spears would agree.</span></span></p>
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</style>Jack Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01499431800088809848noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6657913448535983609.post-3068503525955422292024-01-21T07:34:00.000-08:002024-01-21T07:34:32.536-08:00Native Americans Selling Whiskey II <p><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhx9X0DeqE4Fp84u6Cx7WpOs-hSQDZTMLTvmec7iRyjFKmF0Wtp3fEkfnjRKKj3XxS_UY3A0vQYWV_Vlf8pqyTYauUyDxo9BhuSTGWCvpQvxZcqEiURbeibXrc6ANSHBPod1EK_b5VRdb6Kpy4qSIb7u25MFudVWX_Bn4_nBrIfoOcwp7Aza8qEy9jBqvRr/s200/1.%20%20selling_whiskey_to_Indian.%20R%20.png-%20L.png" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="196" data-original-width="200" height="196" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhx9X0DeqE4Fp84u6Cx7WpOs-hSQDZTMLTvmec7iRyjFKmF0Wtp3fEkfnjRKKj3XxS_UY3A0vQYWV_Vlf8pqyTYauUyDxo9BhuSTGWCvpQvxZcqEiURbeibXrc6ANSHBPod1EK_b5VRdb6Kpy4qSIb7u25MFudVWX_Bn4_nBrIfoOcwp7Aza8qEy9jBqvRr/s1600/1.%20%20selling_whiskey_to_Indian.%20R%20.png-%20L.png" width="200" /></a><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"> <b style="color: #29303b; letter-spacing: 0px;">Forward: </b><i style="color: #29303b; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </i><span style="color: #29303b; letter-spacing: 0px;">The official Government view about selling liquor to Native Americans was expressed in an 1833 report by the Commissioner of Indian Affairs to Congress: </span><i style="color: #29303b; letter-spacing: 0px;">“The proneness of the Indian to the excessive use of ardent spirits with the too great facility of indulging that fatal propensity through the cupidity of our own citizens, not only impedes the progress of civilization, but tends inevitably to the degradation, misery, and extinction of the aboriginal race.” </i><span style="color: #29303b; letter-spacing: 0px;">Given that warning and federal laws against selling booze to indigenous peoples, it is startling to realize how many distillers and liquor dealers used Indian images on their whiskeys. This post, my second on the subject, documents nine more.</span></span></div><p></p><p class="p2"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghZpWC9G8qftFlWs4vbnmFRrdD9RItESJluEJYrYWr_mLMpWA-rlCrLwTKx3UF3ISlte2VT9PyxNePv36ugWRFAs9_LsQvTbkNLHey4ygbIw-uuaWX51xMNuOhg9Jn82VJmgco3iDXutg6LYgKpBuNb7-YYklwModitD3LnYqan-tmocpKKKpS9mTFIy67/s300/2.%20Copper%20Queen.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="230" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghZpWC9G8qftFlWs4vbnmFRrdD9RItESJluEJYrYWr_mLMpWA-rlCrLwTKx3UF3ISlte2VT9PyxNePv36ugWRFAs9_LsQvTbkNLHey4ygbIw-uuaWX51xMNuOhg9Jn82VJmgco3iDXutg6LYgKpBuNb7-YYklwModitD3LnYqan-tmocpKKKpS9mTFIy67/w153-h200/2.%20Copper%20Queen.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="153" /></span></a><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: #fff3db; color: #29303b; letter-spacing: 0px;">The first example is a label from Calumet, Michigan, showing a comely maiden in a</span><span style="background-color: #fff3db; color: #29303b; letter-spacing: 0px;"> headdress advertising “Copper Queen Whiskey,” a blend. It was produced by Nariso Bianchi, an italian-born 1897 immigrant to the U.S. About 1904 Bianchi, with a partner, opened a saloon and liquor store. Although he was a “rectifier” not a distiller, that is, blending whiskeys for color, taste and smoothness, he did his own bottling and labels, advertising Copper Queen Whiskey as proprietary.</span></span></div><p></p><p class="p2"><span class="s2" style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"></span></p><p class="p3"><span class="s1" style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"></span></p><p class="p4"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwHTaZLhif-if0PPXEXOfZ9yLtzwqcTX1UeWWA55WXqASAGDWMjrYCajzrE5jwLYiyhyphenhyphenMxA0NJMR53SiOyDHL80gB6h5YC9iXEQ0C3RkQPKT3ReqB20MpMhW5nm9wRjpogkRrgt8Cywreubw4fupggO_L1AxejAKwzYseBRAmIzBocQmgfveww8GfFa9iX/s320/%203.%20Red%20Jacket.jpg-L.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="320" data-original-width="257" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwHTaZLhif-if0PPXEXOfZ9yLtzwqcTX1UeWWA55WXqASAGDWMjrYCajzrE5jwLYiyhyphenhyphenMxA0NJMR53SiOyDHL80gB6h5YC9iXEQ0C3RkQPKT3ReqB20MpMhW5nm9wRjpogkRrgt8Cywreubw4fupggO_L1AxejAKwzYseBRAmIzBocQmgfveww8GfFa9iX/s1600/%203.%20Red%20Jacket.jpg-L.jpg" width="257" /></span></a><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: #fff3db; letter-spacing: 0px;">By coincidence Calumet at the time was named “Red Jacket,” the same name and personage as the next whiskey. Red Jacket was a Seneca chief who had fought on the side of the British in the American Revolution and was named for having worn the British military red coat. His real name was Sagoyewatha (He Keeps Them Awake), and was adamant against the white man, his ways and especially the Christian religion. Nevertheless, Buffalo distiller Thomas Clark named his facility and whiskey after him. Red Jacket is shown here wearing a medal later bestowed on him by George Washington, a reward for abandoning the warpath.</span></span></div><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span></span><p></p><p class="p6"><span class="s2" style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"></span></p><p class="p7" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1" style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p>
<p class="p7" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: #fff3db; letter-spacing: 0px;">Meanwhile, in Chicago a young Bennett Pieters was profiting greatly from selling a highly alcoholic Red Jacket Stomach Bitters. By wrapping his remedy in an Indian motif, Pieters was tapping into the rampant myth of the times that Native Americans possessed special knowledge of medicines. For a time it made him rich, until several fraudulent schemes and his own alcoholism led to his downfall. Abandoning his family, Pieters joined the U.S. Cavalry in 1871, went West, and became an Indian fighter. </span><span class="s1"></span></span></p><p class="p7" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #fff3db; font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicPIqUURMr5jOwHoOvMoNJJur6CjV6JM62cMHjrtFKxg5udOlih7mAMxztitWvh3p36PRhF6Hz4MvRVXrGHG5LRJxWsx8JSGMZxaJyriOqpkmEKPvcujRArHb-DAbC8-gVu47bMvYrKev7MYkR8frZ1Xf8AFOFJgvXLQNVCVVQIXvPQDf9hzTgF49hq5NQ/s400/4.Bennett%20Pieters%20Red%20Jacket%20Stomach%20Bitters%20C%202.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="245" data-original-width="400" height="245" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicPIqUURMr5jOwHoOvMoNJJur6CjV6JM62cMHjrtFKxg5udOlih7mAMxztitWvh3p36PRhF6Hz4MvRVXrGHG5LRJxWsx8JSGMZxaJyriOqpkmEKPvcujRArHb-DAbC8-gVu47bMvYrKev7MYkR8frZ1Xf8AFOFJgvXLQNVCVVQIXvPQDf9hzTgF49hq5NQ/w400-h245/4.Bennett%20Pieters%20Red%20Jacket%20Stomach%20Bitters%20C%202.jpg" width="400" /></span></a></div><p class="p7"></p>
<p class="p7"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3Zqxk5vNqmhyphenhyphenMJTfhVJqIQuK2ZN0ehnX7cHF-PkXiW1_hCEJDOfKvuNGRUb_gnR9oiuxKwIKnnGwugKKSImS5DFVxVwuEF1YpU_oV92zeoqHTf4-B8IrMcJ6Gp3jQ7SAAzxbxFoIdGw3jhwtgQu50M5ACLZFfOuqSgivIcP23kHmhBg4wfhvG09RDQRPf/s320/5.%20Redskin%20Whiskey%20TA%20Browning-%20R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="320" data-original-width="170" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3Zqxk5vNqmhyphenhyphenMJTfhVJqIQuK2ZN0ehnX7cHF-PkXiW1_hCEJDOfKvuNGRUb_gnR9oiuxKwIKnnGwugKKSImS5DFVxVwuEF1YpU_oV92zeoqHTf4-B8IrMcJ6Gp3jQ7SAAzxbxFoIdGw3jhwtgQu50M5ACLZFfOuqSgivIcP23kHmhBg4wfhvG09RDQRPf/s1600/5.%20Redskin%20Whiskey%20TA%20Browning-%20R.jpg" width="170" /></span></a><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span style="background-color: #fff3db; letter-spacing: 0px;">Searching for an image to illustrate his “Old Redskin” blended whiskey, Thomas A. </span><span style="background-color: #fff3db; letter-spacing: 0px;">Brownrig of Portsmouth, New Hampshire, chose a scowling chief with a downturned mouth, carrying a hatchet. American Indians of the Abenaki and other Algonquian languages-speaking nations had inhabited that part of coastal New Hampshire for thousands of years before European contact. Brownrig advertised widely in local media calling himself a “Dealer in Foreign and Domestic Liquors, Imported Goods a Specialty.” He also claimed be Portsmouth exclusive agent for the popular I. W. Harper Whiskey. </span></span></div><p></p><p class="p7"><span class="s1" style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"></span></p>
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<p class="p5"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCN-08BOZgaAlcFAFfYRGiEuKEabB3p8dVBXhhTb3uVMntwmcobuoCw4ofuHaZDiinqhWqsCj9kinGD6f7gghp_Ii0_5OQ2sj2hgTXcuFvFHZjlpfl-o6Wdk4M36ArPUVeH7dkUWvHYegNPL3hlQMQIb60q-cZcvzV5LDdUWN5gXxVq9gvq12ci3a-V5Uk/s320/6.%20M&K%20flask-%20Indian.jpg-%20L.jpg" style="background-color: transparent; clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="320" data-original-width="221" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCN-08BOZgaAlcFAFfYRGiEuKEabB3p8dVBXhhTb3uVMntwmcobuoCw4ofuHaZDiinqhWqsCj9kinGD6f7gghp_Ii0_5OQ2sj2hgTXcuFvFHZjlpfl-o6Wdk4M36ArPUVeH7dkUWvHYegNPL3hlQMQIb60q-cZcvzV5LDdUWN5gXxVq9gvq12ci3a-V5Uk/w138-h200/6.%20M&K%20flask-%20Indian.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="138" /></span></a><span class="s1" style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1" style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Meanwhile on the West Coast, the Gottstein brothers of Seattle chose a canoe-borne indigenous American to be embossed on their liquor flasks. Chief Seattle (1786-1866) was a leading figure of the Suquamish and Duwamish tribes who pursued a path of accommodation toward white settlers. A widely publicized speech arguing in favor of ecological responsibility and respect of Native Americans' land rights has been attributed to him. </span></div><p></p>
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<p class="p5"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjq5sLhlTh9_gIUua7oZuqkF-lItzmKSOJxvmude8w7XgH4mELPhpTlePMl9DGGZJZ_yX8y6viddObIwPSxs4bdrFO1Zp68-Q7i0BOkkYJuZq4ko461gjMtsywvsV2Pu5HbWnmd2YhvcNk9K5I7VSKe5c0iyCHjHgZRIOyS7OqWRK2rnyNSJMFxmL8X-VbS/s300/%207.%20Tippe%20SG-%20R%20JPG.JPG" style="background-color: transparent; clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="277" data-original-width="300" height="277" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjq5sLhlTh9_gIUua7oZuqkF-lItzmKSOJxvmude8w7XgH4mELPhpTlePMl9DGGZJZ_yX8y6viddObIwPSxs4bdrFO1Zp68-Q7i0BOkkYJuZq4ko461gjMtsywvsV2Pu5HbWnmd2YhvcNk9K5I7VSKe5c0iyCHjHgZRIOyS7OqWRK2rnyNSJMFxmL8X-VbS/s1600/%207.%20Tippe%20SG-%20R%20JPG.JPG" width="300" /></span></a><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1">An Indian maiden illustrated “Tippecanoe,” a double fire copper</span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"> whiskey from Joseph Pfeffer, a Cincinnati liquor wholesaler. For saloon signs, almost always displayed in places where women and children were excluded, the Tippecanoe husky lass was shown bare-breasted. When used on the label of a bottle that might find itself on a grocer’s shelf or a druggist’s display case where the eyes of the world might see, the maiden was more chastely dressed. At the bottom of a shot glass, as shown here, it is hard to tell. </span></span></div><p></p>
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<p class="p5"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXHw1R4SGhx0y-f8oUBiCHnMKYZiE1MetprE_Np9KJg8IM9IKIiaL3Uz6VLVzPbDEc8wQP37K3iTUFF2tOYYfnagxeMpR_KDkxUUzZTiVCs9JQRmvY2_d3OlYdfIAmG6-zeExjUHg7Al3SrtBL3zohO_WgEdcd5Gz3aexUOjrPKj3U23hPIY_qTxZrpuu6/s320/8.%20Sachem%20det-%20ltrhd.jpg-%20L.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="320" data-original-width="232" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXHw1R4SGhx0y-f8oUBiCHnMKYZiE1MetprE_Np9KJg8IM9IKIiaL3Uz6VLVzPbDEc8wQP37K3iTUFF2tOYYfnagxeMpR_KDkxUUzZTiVCs9JQRmvY2_d3OlYdfIAmG6-zeExjUHg7Al3SrtBL3zohO_WgEdcd5Gz3aexUOjrPKj3U23hPIY_qTxZrpuu6/w145-h200/8.%20Sachem%20det-%20ltrhd.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="145" /></span></a><span class="s1" style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1" style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">From a letterhead came the Indian chief advertising “Sachem” brand whiskey. The term “sachem” is defined as a North American Indian chief especially the chief of a confederation of the Algonquian tribes of the North Atlantic coast. In this case the whiskey was the product of the Rehm-Zeihler Company located in Louisville, Kentucky. This firm was established by O.E. Rehm in 1904 and continued in business until closed by National Prohibition.</span></div><p></p>
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<p class="p5"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvFEU-nPaBB7JTD9Mpm7180eyLRvrfx-vjh8ZxeqgY_O6hQnCyY1k7zYG09dxWSZ5xQNwJwiYjbuk2mvyWJF4HOzwmDcEYREGvw9ZRjgAhdS21ygRrGk2zZAoIIKR4lPf-h7iWljdkKnt5noIbmm7sg0Yo4H5v0gsnbhVIvfGWt3I4BePSMRzigckVd4je/s320/9a.%20IW%20Harper%20ad%20.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="background-color: transparent; clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="320" data-original-width="204" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvFEU-nPaBB7JTD9Mpm7180eyLRvrfx-vjh8ZxeqgY_O6hQnCyY1k7zYG09dxWSZ5xQNwJwiYjbuk2mvyWJF4HOzwmDcEYREGvw9ZRjgAhdS21ygRrGk2zZAoIIKR4lPf-h7iWljdkKnt5noIbmm7sg0Yo4H5v0gsnbhVIvfGWt3I4BePSMRzigckVd4je/s1600/9a.%20IW%20Harper%20ad%20.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="204" /></span></a><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1">The comely Indian maiden seen here was an advertising element of Isaac </span><span class="s1">and </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Bernard Bernheim Bros., acclaimed as the most successful distillers in American history. Located in Louisville, the brothers registered the famous “I.W. Harper” brand. The "I W" initials were borrowed from Isaac's own name, while Harper was the surname of a well known Kentucky horse breeder. The whiskey went on to win multiple medals for quality, the first being at the New Orleans Exposition in 1885.</span></span></div><p></p><p class="p5">
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</p><p class="p1"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPsok7xhrBAVOWl2pybwQbOEQ4CUFb2fsiZ8rNTndlAxpAXCPKvu-XbBl-s4BbEkznNrxwB2q6hAAs2pTR55AejQKwH18NXPK04oKzhRR9n4Br3xRaQyH1AQXKEU9r7eM7qDbdLtZGmt5pYp1pfd3JDQ8vK5goQ2vX_FpB6ZJEZlU1BLibFu8KP57dLFQZ/s320/9b.%20Old%20Yock=L.jpg" style="background-color: transparent; clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="320" data-original-width="269" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPsok7xhrBAVOWl2pybwQbOEQ4CUFb2fsiZ8rNTndlAxpAXCPKvu-XbBl-s4BbEkznNrxwB2q6hAAs2pTR55AejQKwH18NXPK04oKzhRR9n4Br3xRaQyH1AQXKEU9r7eM7qDbdLtZGmt5pYp1pfd3JDQ8vK5goQ2vX_FpB6ZJEZlU1BLibFu8KP57dLFQZ/s1600/9b.%20Old%20Yock=L.jpg" width="269" /></span></a><span class="s1"></span></p><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Our final Native American selling whiskey is a stern-looking chief whose face graced the label of “Old Yock” brand straight rye whiskey from Dillinger Distilleries of Ruffdale, Pennsylvania. For several years before the Civil War Samuel Dillinger drove a large Conestoga wagon pulled by six horses across the Allegheny Mountains on the Nation Pike, transporting merchandise between Baltimore and Pittsburgh. After settling down in Pennsylvania, he became the second largest distiller in the state, hauling out fifty newly filled whiskey barrels every day from his distillery to store in his warehouses and then delivering a quality aged rye like “Old Yock” to his customers.</span></div><p></p><p class="p5" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p5">
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b style="text-align: left;">Note:</b><span style="text-align: left;"> My first article on this subject was posted on June 8, 2023.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="text-align: left;"> </span><span style="text-align: left;">Longer posts on five of the whiskey men noted here also may be found on this website:</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="text-align: left;"> </span><span style="text-align: left;">Clark, August 17, 2018; Pieters, Jan. 29, 2019;</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="text-align: left;"> </span><span style="text-align: left;">Pfeffer, Dec. 12, 2016; Bernheim, Dec.10, 2014, and Dillinger, Feb. 12, 2016.</span></span></div><p class="p7"><span class="s1"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><p class="p5"><br /></p><style type="text/css">
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</style>Jack Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01499431800088809848noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6657913448535983609.post-11850342444586263292024-01-17T05:06:00.000-08:002024-01-17T05:11:02.563-08:00 Steuben County to Chicago: The Trek of the Van Housens<p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdIvLtu4Zu6OEYrzrpTHqnGjweVvVqM_hGwjvv8sAuOGQeygv7fbezajhe5_9U958ize1MNOJWiA8gpqHUVOd6F6j3r7NCFfh2k80_IG9Dbh0dltkLeMBjSU2TAsBQdKGHYY7cxc0WGKDVBx5aGc_tyyX4WR139DPtb-0Fd6h2XKQOU3337Fiu_DlQFEJ9/s502/1.%20John%20H.%20Van%20Housen.jpg-%20L.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="502" data-original-width="366" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdIvLtu4Zu6OEYrzrpTHqnGjweVvVqM_hGwjvv8sAuOGQeygv7fbezajhe5_9U958ize1MNOJWiA8gpqHUVOd6F6j3r7NCFfh2k80_IG9Dbh0dltkLeMBjSU2TAsBQdKGHYY7cxc0WGKDVBx5aGc_tyyX4WR139DPtb-0Fd6h2XKQOU3337Fiu_DlQFEJ9/w146-h200/1.%20John%20H.%20Van%20Housen.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="146" /></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Born in Steuben County New York in 1826, by the time he was six years old John Henry Van Housen had witnessed his father, Joseph, die at 28 years old; watched as his mother, Katherine, soon remarried, and he himself sent alone to live with a large family of her relatives.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Shown here in maturity,</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Van Housen overcame his beginnings to found a wine and liquor business hailed as</span><i style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> “one of the largest and most complete establishments in the wholesale trade” </i><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">in America. He named it the Steuben County Wine Company, an enterprise he eventually located 600 miles west in Chicago. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Despite growing up without his parents, young Van Housen early exhibited intelligence and a hard working persona.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">After receiving a basic public education in</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">the schools of Central New York, he left his studies at about 17 to work in dry good store in Bath, New York. Four years later at 21 he was made a partner.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Van Housen continued in that line until 1860 when he left to work in a Bath wine and liquor business.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">That move may have been occasioned by his marriage in January 1854 to Charlottte A. Torrey of Naples, New York.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>They would have three sons in rapid succession, Beach Torrey (B.T.), Harry L., and Charles, the latter who died in infancy.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>After nine years working in the Bath liquor store, Van Housen struck out on his own in 1869, establishing a wine and liquor house he called “The Steuben County Wine Company.” <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">By 1872, Van Housen was finding Bath too small for his ambition.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Moreover, during the 1860s the town had lost population.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Looking for a larger customer base for his enterprise, he chose Jackson, Michigan, a town five times larger than Bath and moved the Steuben County Wine Company there.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6C20px7xM7IduQza4vX8hm4hksST1yYgvv6gcWgRqzr5Jf97fnI0JZvbPE_t03zVmKGkFmXCTNGyJh4_XW25bkLjRinuTdJtLFQBgUH2gPcJZBzUK_x7pPwLBqq98fBaxUgdMiY4y0o19xYV3hvA12QE_2wS-zgVCeynUdBUOYbw-fzKwBl9LDF9lu2iv/s948/2.%20JACKSON%20logo.jpg-C.jpg" style="font-family: Helvetica; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="197" data-original-width="948" height="83" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6C20px7xM7IduQza4vX8hm4hksST1yYgvv6gcWgRqzr5Jf97fnI0JZvbPE_t03zVmKGkFmXCTNGyJh4_XW25bkLjRinuTdJtLFQBgUH2gPcJZBzUK_x7pPwLBqq98fBaxUgdMiY4y0o19xYV3hvA12QE_2wS-zgVCeynUdBUOYbw-fzKwBl9LDF9lu2iv/w400-h83/2.%20JACKSON%20logo.jpg-C.jpg" width="400" /></span></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;"></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">At the time Jackson was doing well economically, with several railroad connections linking it to markets all over the Midwest. The family stayed five years but Van Housen’s vision of his future imagined even wider possibilities.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Looking further west he saw Chicago, then in the midst of boom years.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Uprooting Charlotte and their two boys who now were reaching maturity, Van Housen moved the family to The Windy City in 1876.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioN8STs1I6KNVqsYFCQzloQX8XLh7t0GkkgQeSWAaJcYMMw-2H_2FE9K3i4QEfTXsyQQPkH_OO5FdHnhnoA3qqg1yp1Dk4DnRXYeBaWCHo_JEkIyOWHnsD36iw80gREjkL_J1PbmAntDKcbZkW5p_owuKs5RGwiudtqrfn6wvlYq0RUJ1Mgc7bdBGI_grL/s988/3.%20madison-street-chicago-in-1900-2.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="621" data-original-width="988" height="202" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioN8STs1I6KNVqsYFCQzloQX8XLh7t0GkkgQeSWAaJcYMMw-2H_2FE9K3i4QEfTXsyQQPkH_OO5FdHnhnoA3qqg1yp1Dk4DnRXYeBaWCHo_JEkIyOWHnsD36iw80gREjkL_J1PbmAntDKcbZkW5p_owuKs5RGwiudtqrfn6wvlYq0RUJ1Mgc7bdBGI_grL/w320-h202/3.%20madison-street-chicago-in-1900-2.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="320" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">There Van Housen incorporated his Steuben County Wine Company at $200,000, </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">installing his two sons as incorporators, stockholders, employees, and eventually as executives.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Beach became secretary and Harry, treasurer.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">The company initially was established at 220 Wabash Avenue, moving between 1878 and 1911 to successive locations on Madison Street, the busy Chicago thoroughfare shown here.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">With growing success the Van Housens needed more space, finally settling into large quarters at 227-229 West Madison..</span></span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8wmTo_7u487u6yMPwpG_JCcGRhbh2fG6E1P_wHG0EXcKWRDFOLq6dv_D03dkG1qkbf47qNc1budSxuDn1dkv-_21q-YLpc3_kWHFnGclhL3cRwiAXbdVFaDKuka0_gViG0xzVRcfAHnz9hsPLISk3KCYCroT6-S8jTj-w6YDHLOUmgYSjXyKyMvFtkHpG/s400/5.%20antique-steuben-1gal_.jpg-ACR.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="269" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh8wmTo_7u487u6yMPwpG_JCcGRhbh2fG6E1P_wHG0EXcKWRDFOLq6dv_D03dkG1qkbf47qNc1budSxuDn1dkv-_21q-YLpc3_kWHFnGclhL3cRwiAXbdVFaDKuka0_gViG0xzVRcfAHnz9hsPLISk3KCYCroT6-S8jTj-w6YDHLOUmgYSjXyKyMvFtkHpG/w134-h200/5.%20antique-steuben-1gal_.jpg-ACR.jpg" width="134" /></span></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5i9eR6Dp4W6QIwLE-HQTrZ3R1FTMIA-MgvH2Lkqv_2ch7oUWHlfuGrV0wXaGZPFjyMRwbX01ii8XjZUfk56-eQdL3YP6uwtD9eYxXYtyLo4HfRx6wRucnkGouoxtJdZ7JIs1g5gVymNDPhf-sa2x8mSXGqfl5U7wAvwXd1TR-cLTyANkA_vXiJ_VEcUz7/s400/4.%20Steuben-County-4.Wine-.jpg-ACL.jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="255" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5i9eR6Dp4W6QIwLE-HQTrZ3R1FTMIA-MgvH2Lkqv_2ch7oUWHlfuGrV0wXaGZPFjyMRwbX01ii8XjZUfk56-eQdL3YP6uwtD9eYxXYtyLo4HfRx6wRucnkGouoxtJdZ7JIs1g5gVymNDPhf-sa2x8mSXGqfl5U7wAvwXd1TR-cLTyANkA_vXiJ_VEcUz7/w127-h200/4.%20Steuben-County-4.Wine-.jpg-ACL.jpg" width="127" /></span></a></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br />Van Housen was wholesaling his alcoholic products in ceramic jugs of varying sizes from a single gallon to three gallons.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Those would be distributed by his saloon, hotel and restaurant customers into smaller containers and then poured over the bar into glasses.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Shown above are two jugs bearing the earlier 212 Madison Street address and below are jugs from the West Madison Street headquarters.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgc10BMIZ-XUxd_ZDXhyphenhyphen1M056AKcD1j2fBgdnl1cnDT3W2RJxmsKVkbk59ugo2tuQGnAyMHSdQNsRbSW-Qbthr_kA9L6K5CnhDCH0-iAlOpHSP61JeEMngrKdtg29tYct8B0P9aobYwaBLsO9lIY_s0sIUlga0u0aZZ-HspcUvioRNcO6xsI1HOh_2ms9mv/s527/8.%203%20Gal%20jug.jpg-ACR.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="527" data-original-width="321" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgc10BMIZ-XUxd_ZDXhyphenhyphen1M056AKcD1j2fBgdnl1cnDT3W2RJxmsKVkbk59ugo2tuQGnAyMHSdQNsRbSW-Qbthr_kA9L6K5CnhDCH0-iAlOpHSP61JeEMngrKdtg29tYct8B0P9aobYwaBLsO9lIY_s0sIUlga0u0aZZ-HspcUvioRNcO6xsI1HOh_2ms9mv/w122-h200/8.%203%20Gal%20jug.jpg-ACR.jpg" width="122" /></span></a><span class="s3" style="font-size: medium;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_rFcMmYtXnpJpVBVnfRULzv2zNrzJkD-R8Pl3M_Er0o7aGeLJrjujLnOhAW0rVAup43v5XnzTeYZTx0bX-XzF0BviS48BK7NlQdRzMiv0nAfdozOxM-aSgeKK2NabJ3Y9m-ApcIKaAranIfF3BWpeI3RLAR1kf3oucRDKxVyzA91MKoGwS8H4o6zAZMvA/s400/7.steuben-county-wine-co-chicago-ACL.jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="244" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_rFcMmYtXnpJpVBVnfRULzv2zNrzJkD-R8Pl3M_Er0o7aGeLJrjujLnOhAW0rVAup43v5XnzTeYZTx0bX-XzF0BviS48BK7NlQdRzMiv0nAfdozOxM-aSgeKK2NabJ3Y9m-ApcIKaAranIfF3BWpeI3RLAR1kf3oucRDKxVyzA91MKoGwS8H4o6zAZMvA/w122-h200/7.steuben-county-wine-co-chicago-ACL.jpg" width="122" /></a></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The company issued only limited whiskey brands, chiefly bearing the name of the German general who helped Washington train his Revolutionary War troops:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Baron Friedrich Wilhelm August Heinrich Ferdinand von Steuben. For obvious reasons he is usually just referred to as Baron von Steuben.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Shown below is “Old Steuben Rye” in half-pint and pint flasks.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"><br /></span></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqbilbc8GGV9cnn64DAaI8P-0ZnRMWM7ymcAojW0MWkltLrfjGAWh6KUeFD1U8OFxtWgilXSH_70WZzfNAfaTp9t1YF1YxEGuvcC7P5ZC49Y0VKoltB17amRf3_ze5gFxrXfFEq1XfCNQXFWgUcN8DvPO8MW5MsYDUlZnJld7ORYMtf7S9rmS4gJDiyRyy/s365/9b.%20whiskey_-ACR.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="365" data-original-width="230" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqbilbc8GGV9cnn64DAaI8P-0ZnRMWM7ymcAojW0MWkltLrfjGAWh6KUeFD1U8OFxtWgilXSH_70WZzfNAfaTp9t1YF1YxEGuvcC7P5ZC49Y0VKoltB17amRf3_ze5gFxrXfFEq1XfCNQXFWgUcN8DvPO8MW5MsYDUlZnJld7ORYMtf7S9rmS4gJDiyRyy/w126-h200/9b.%20whiskey_-ACR.jpg" width="126" /></span></a><span class="s3" style="font-size: medium;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizR_pgV0KY43kdWsmHa3T89GqkGkeJ-Q0y1xOL2tOHhJPLTZY2N4FRfi6cwMx8GMV1KKIdAdKlArwbhxgvyB8Z9OwwSPscWwzRcOg6GXb9TVdEqAQ_Kh1s_LFylAK764_JDMTI291zSqH0hZ9EALs1qFKUah3MMb0LaaHisX9puqc6FV_o9ekCB0_wRSh9/s1477/9a.%20Steuben%20ACLptjpg.jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1477" data-original-width="840" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizR_pgV0KY43kdWsmHa3T89GqkGkeJ-Q0y1xOL2tOHhJPLTZY2N4FRfi6cwMx8GMV1KKIdAdKlArwbhxgvyB8Z9OwwSPscWwzRcOg6GXb9TVdEqAQ_Kh1s_LFylAK764_JDMTI291zSqH0hZ9EALs1qFKUah3MMb0LaaHisX9puqc6FV_o9ekCB0_wRSh9/w114-h200/9a.%20Steuben%20ACLptjpg.jpg" width="114" /></a></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU3gsReCv3Y84CN3u91ejk_YtNG8PSG0L6q1c-DfvN6zs0DM552xMV0oJxtGrqmENHg4mkBTufUx6CjCZYU_0bUxxDYfblaQwLkDiyA9FnyXpzhIIOxzn7aWP2gRh1ysaJQS4ZXGNy_iRHJ9I5OtFTgP2OMoFmO-GZ2PaUlhAp4IXertjcVht6YhBkFjrd/s1295/9c.%20Steube%20trade%20card%20front.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1295" data-original-width="856" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU3gsReCv3Y84CN3u91ejk_YtNG8PSG0L6q1c-DfvN6zs0DM552xMV0oJxtGrqmENHg4mkBTufUx6CjCZYU_0bUxxDYfblaQwLkDiyA9FnyXpzhIIOxzn7aWP2gRh1ysaJQS4ZXGNy_iRHJ9I5OtFTgP2OMoFmO-GZ2PaUlhAp4IXertjcVht6YhBkFjrd/w213-h320/9c.%20Steube%20trade%20card%20front.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="213" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial;">Van Housen also marketed a highly alcoholic “Steuben Celery Bitters,” advertised on</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> a colorful trade card showing a youngster dressed in a military uniform carrying a lighted pipe.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Although it is a puzzling image, it is very like</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">figures found on German beer steins of the time.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">The message on the back is equally perplexing.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">It begins by extolling the nostrum’s medicinal qualities:</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><i style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">“A sure cure for Dyspepsia, Indigestion, Sleeplessness, Sick Headache and General Nervous Disability, affording immediate relief, and if its use is continued a permanent cure guaranteed by the proprietor.</i><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">”</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">That proprietor (one assumes Van Housen) then suggests that wine merchants sell his Celery Bitters as a mixer for drinks, for just plain drinking and for soups because <i>“it imparts a delightful flavor and is a wonderful Nervine.”</i></span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihNZFP470RmaglsmhUYgvdbFwCngPFa_wvGhJlx47cP46mU-fEVwYzetMBkzDL5T_fFX2nXz2E5Z-bVTVTDTaOsMnV-pqQj-jvyEI97LL_IakiSpckwgMXdZY2N2gOmZ8pPp3w-9IBwYY6m_yJ8X3rpYYPKIYVW7S1GYOvJ1rlzaevNOlzAaRcF9sbikik/s524/6.%20SteubenCty%20jug%20%23.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="524" data-original-width="476" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihNZFP470RmaglsmhUYgvdbFwCngPFa_wvGhJlx47cP46mU-fEVwYzetMBkzDL5T_fFX2nXz2E5Z-bVTVTDTaOsMnV-pqQj-jvyEI97LL_IakiSpckwgMXdZY2N2gOmZ8pPp3w-9IBwYY6m_yJ8X3rpYYPKIYVW7S1GYOvJ1rlzaevNOlzAaRcF9sbikik/w182-h200/6.%20SteubenCty%20jug%20%23.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="182" /></span></a><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Van Housen rapidly gained a reputation as a leader in Chicago and throughout Illinois as a result of his strong support for domestic wines and whiskeys against imported goods.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>His liquor house carried only American made products and he publicly preached the ascendancy of domestic alcoholic beverages.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Noted a biographer: <i><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>“The prediction made by Mr. Van Housen years ago, that, owing to the advantage of the American climate,…America would excel the world in the manufacture of pure wines, brandies, champagne and whiskey, has been verified and the public now realize that that the American product, in every respect, is as good as the foreign and of purer quality.”</i></span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"><i></i></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Van Housen’s foresight, along with his personal qualities, gained him a reputation<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>as one of the leading businessmen of Chicago, extolled in print for his<i> “…native sagacity, sound business judgment and tireless energy, coupled with a frank, genial and generous temperament that wins him many friends.” <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i> Van Housen’s<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>trek across America had ended in success.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYCwsdkLv23n9WIozWzXksGRZGv7UYV_vzniL11a6KLKczag6CfMllQzUubOuII9ACE9iX0bariCSxFpTYpzTZLsd08RRoWINY5ecVqZEjlia_YKkLp54IQF2mGQgdilsQmm3y3BWmlmC_UIVryXILe-Y46XbYi_cgU8WJcjYVOfjzJRVKOW7zrPxdLJNu/s301/9d.%20TRADEMark.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="145" data-original-width="301" height="154" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYCwsdkLv23n9WIozWzXksGRZGv7UYV_vzniL11a6KLKczag6CfMllQzUubOuII9ACE9iX0bariCSxFpTYpzTZLsd08RRoWINY5ecVqZEjlia_YKkLp54IQF2mGQgdilsQmm3y3BWmlmC_UIVryXILe-Y46XbYi_cgU8WJcjYVOfjzJRVKOW7zrPxdLJNu/w320-h154/9d.%20TRADEMark.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3" style="font-size: medium;"></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">As he aged, Van Housen apparently moved into another profession, becoming known as a contractor and builder in Chicago.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The liquor house was turned over to Beach and Harry. It was reported that their father’s <i>“…remarkable success in business is attributable, in part, to the efficient cooperation of his two sons, who are actively associated with him in management.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i> By 1911 Beach was heading the company as its president and Harry was secretary.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The company added a new brand to its list of whiskeys called “Beach Run,”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>trademarking the name in 1905.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTgPrE2DB8nurTXuUjdf3VzANouZZL8WlJNzXv0TW-Xst0AcyluUBDKMNLX6wUkckBgp9P2OvxqPBJo0zn_Lnu-PkwJS3ljAF14FMo5_68VNrk_gZFq0hw6nBK2qoHyF6ecumeXpvglbitXvBu7AlvETYKfivVrCDH7AIrwztY2GFj7ayvL1zjsfw9xeDB/s719/9e.%204078%20Lake%20Park%20Av-%20L.tiff" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="569" data-original-width="719" height="158" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTgPrE2DB8nurTXuUjdf3VzANouZZL8WlJNzXv0TW-Xst0AcyluUBDKMNLX6wUkckBgp9P2OvxqPBJo0zn_Lnu-PkwJS3ljAF14FMo5_68VNrk_gZFq0hw6nBK2qoHyF6ecumeXpvglbitXvBu7AlvETYKfivVrCDH7AIrwztY2GFj7ayvL1zjsfw9xeDB/w200-h158/9e.%204078%20Lake%20Park%20Av-%20L.tiff" width="200" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span class="s3">With advancing age, Van Housen, with wife Sarah, retired to the family home, </span></span><span style="font-family: arial;"><span class="s3">shown</span></span><span class="s3" style="font-family: arial;"> here, and watched helplessly as National Prohibition shut down the Steuben County Wine Company he so carefully had nurtured and taken cross country.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Van Housen died at age 81</span><span class="s1"> </span><span class="s3" style="font-family: arial;">in May 1936 and was buried at the family burial site in Chicago’s Mount Hope Cemetery. Charlotte would join him there five years later.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipY5Z8aL4JvWK2iWeKdJoJjcY3IAyUweQEbVI-wvi3Xwk2jZ06KECcQRrrygiLZNdU9lNRdJPpRtuwNqQ00SV7lTJ4nJPDBcrRfMmChE_P5NwJMn9ynz4kOipwkcp1prbnjRs9VjWLgDopfyvPldO-O5q4JzCKeogXNgzDSUJWc4uD3e6OsScHH_igqC9n/s2006/9g.%20JH%20Van%20H%20grave.jpg-AcR.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1261" data-original-width="2006" height="126" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipY5Z8aL4JvWK2iWeKdJoJjcY3IAyUweQEbVI-wvi3Xwk2jZ06KECcQRrrygiLZNdU9lNRdJPpRtuwNqQ00SV7lTJ4nJPDBcrRfMmChE_P5NwJMn9ynz4kOipwkcp1prbnjRs9VjWLgDopfyvPldO-O5q4JzCKeogXNgzDSUJWc4uD3e6OsScHH_igqC9n/w200-h126/9g.%20JH%20Van%20H%20grave.jpg-AcR.jpg" width="200" /></span></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihJbnvcnF4DI2GlBHxmJXTJzV9HaoqfFU2NKyX8IGNP3dLKQD7oPHwH2jkInk8chBbHKAjUH0Yp49DC7COg6P_bzk5qZmH_rlzdt3-omJuVDVQzt6SgK_4kS55iJPaOivG_-m-4qZgKB_vXUYhFKMNxTITmhSC-virVZ0vbybuQzh4oHROu4xG6jwoKvNn/s205/9f.%20VH%20Monument.jpg-ACL.jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="145" data-original-width="205" height="141" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihJbnvcnF4DI2GlBHxmJXTJzV9HaoqfFU2NKyX8IGNP3dLKQD7oPHwH2jkInk8chBbHKAjUH0Yp49DC7COg6P_bzk5qZmH_rlzdt3-omJuVDVQzt6SgK_4kS55iJPaOivG_-m-4qZgKB_vXUYhFKMNxTITmhSC-virVZ0vbybuQzh4oHROu4xG6jwoKvNn/w200-h141/9f.%20VH%20Monument.jpg-ACL.jpg" width="200" /></span></a></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s3"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s3">John Henry<i> </i>Van Housen<i> </i>lived long enough to have the satisfaction of seeing National Prohibition repealed.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He had followed his vision</span><span class="s1"> </span><span class="s3">across 600 miles and four states to foster American wines, liquors and whiskey, achieving resounding success and personal recognition.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Now, after a 14 year hiatus and Repeal,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>made in the USA libations once again were flowing. Van Housen must have been proud.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>Note:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Among a number of sources for this article, by far the most important was <i>“Encyclopedia of Illinois, Cook County Edition (Vol. II),”</i> by Dr. Newton Bateman and Paul Selby, Munsell Publishing, Chicago, 1905.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span><p></p>
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</style>Jack Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01499431800088809848noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6657913448535983609.post-76548055199518936972024-01-13T05:01:00.000-08:002024-01-13T05:01:47.547-08:00 Savagely Stabbed, W.S. Edwards Survived & Flourished <p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguxS2xT9UGdG1QlqAJhFqXf7Nd39JorzOjGl3064dtP_kh4P12x0JQPiQNd6mPMrxqVobyzKBM9KLff0CAp7qKYX0GOzO1M_HKlx7zXfH61i0yp_utqztfIWPvPbxYCECn4fji7bzUBer_a67Zq0Mz3e9vtYVdzH0siLxpj2IEE7yPvpPAG4kEKxqH7ZIu/s612/1.%20blood-knife.jpg-%20L.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="408" data-original-width="612" height="133" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEguxS2xT9UGdG1QlqAJhFqXf7Nd39JorzOjGl3064dtP_kh4P12x0JQPiQNd6mPMrxqVobyzKBM9KLff0CAp7qKYX0GOzO1M_HKlx7zXfH61i0yp_utqztfIWPvPbxYCECn4fji7bzUBer_a67Zq0Mz3e9vtYVdzH0siLxpj2IEE7yPvpPAG4kEKxqH7ZIu/w200-h133/1.%20blood-knife.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="200" /></a><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Eli Cobb, a failed saloonkeeper, was waiting for W. S. Edwards on a main street of Salida, Colorado, on the evening of September 1, 1910. Cobb knew</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">that the whiskey dealer would come looking for payment of Cobb’s large unpaid debt for liquor.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">When Edwards approached, Cobb, seemingly unconcerned, was standing cutting his fingernails with a pocket knife.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Suddenly he whirled and sank the blade to the hilt into Edwards’ abdomen, twisting it upwards, puncturing his intestines in six places.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Believed fatally wounded, Edwards nonetheless survived to a future no one could have foreseen.</span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">William Sandy Edwards was born in Tennessee in 1872.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">According to early records his parents were</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Mary Green and William Van Buren Edwards,</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">his father an immigrant from Wales.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Of Edwards’ early life, details are scant.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">At the age of 28, he appeared in the 1900 census living in Salida, Colorado, working as a miner.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">He was married to Margarite Crawmer, a woman seven years older than he. The couple had two children, William Van Buren II, three years old, and Etta, one.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The couple had wed in June 1896 in Colorado Springs.</span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhno3RZWlXVVe2lEmS7vM6qX9TZnWDwHKOnpyyfxDdAtuQvsiZlxSuApBN2bfMiFSCSMxMrIknDvye-XtrTowKwVXlTQ4RtdrAo_ENHVCceCBJ1VHMpLn4uwLb57elFIXlRKitJHkd7yCBvAU_-ZBvWDrganwvlqXt0OUshzkk8ye00lGGev6Xc6UP9M5a2/s1600/2.%20C1910.jpg-%20C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1020" data-original-width="1600" height="255" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhno3RZWlXVVe2lEmS7vM6qX9TZnWDwHKOnpyyfxDdAtuQvsiZlxSuApBN2bfMiFSCSMxMrIknDvye-XtrTowKwVXlTQ4RtdrAo_ENHVCceCBJ1VHMpLn4uwLb57elFIXlRKitJHkd7yCBvAU_-ZBvWDrganwvlqXt0OUshzkk8ye00lGGev6Xc6UP9M5a2/w400-h255/2.%20C1910.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Shown above, Salida was a “Wild West” town just beginning to settle down.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Founded originally as a stagecoach stop, Salida in its early years could count its share of gunfights and lynchings.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The Denver and Rio Grande Railroad reached there in 1880, bolstering its population and economy. The<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>downtown burned twice, in 1886 and again in 1888.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>It was rebuilt with bricks, making Salida today the site of Colorado’s largest historic district.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgq9kyQOEK17W85ttzR0L_wSMcJvuwXHiIEJTyeSruQSw6fdl4rKEBU1sgntkLe0MO8W4PVBpNpsZXUr1VWKilp4pXthvfZhcbwnkYHd5B72zlR5LHblsAnDrntKKQJv9fqSIrU4Xy1vZ6THUb3eCfbPXShq7dFNev0MENyQg_iObH_GVzKHOQb8GTArxTw/s397/6.%20Dir%201905%20Ad.jpg-%20R.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="203" data-original-width="397" height="165" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgq9kyQOEK17W85ttzR0L_wSMcJvuwXHiIEJTyeSruQSw6fdl4rKEBU1sgntkLe0MO8W4PVBpNpsZXUr1VWKilp4pXthvfZhcbwnkYHd5B72zlR5LHblsAnDrntKKQJv9fqSIrU4Xy1vZ6THUb3eCfbPXShq7dFNev0MENyQg_iObH_GVzKHOQb8GTArxTw/w320-h165/6.%20Dir%201905%20Ad.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="320" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The city offered opportunities that stimulated Edwards to action.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Early in the 20th </span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Century he opened a saloon at 151 East First Street.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">While apparently quite successful Edwards soon determined that it was more profitable to operate a wholesale liquor business in addition to selling whiskey by the glass over the bar.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The proliferating saloons in Salida proved to be active customers.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">By 1905, Edwards had achieved sufficient prosperity to take the additional step of building his own bottling plant.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Shown below, the building also held his saloon and wholesale liquor business.</span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSzGVW4Nx26vZLpKrLL17mOfh046nw5dNzO0lvEiZaFOgLtaSCR7FU64s6lY0WFh89-m7aDc9C-jDmrCN_MTFjbNXQH7j35UpeEfVHtoey7EAWSqWLNg5nhCcW6Uqpw36qVKPfB0j64nSEr4RxwnWoxn0Zdl-wLvgI_5rXDVLh2q0hvvUpH5u_vf3gGVjf/s566/3.%20Edward%20Bldg%201910.jpg-%20C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="466" data-original-width="566" height="328" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSzGVW4Nx26vZLpKrLL17mOfh046nw5dNzO0lvEiZaFOgLtaSCR7FU64s6lY0WFh89-m7aDc9C-jDmrCN_MTFjbNXQH7j35UpeEfVHtoey7EAWSqWLNg5nhCcW6Uqpw36qVKPfB0j64nSEr4RxwnWoxn0Zdl-wLvgI_5rXDVLh2q0hvvUpH5u_vf3gGVjf/w400-h328/3.%20Edward%20Bldg%201910.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br />No longer solely dependent upon liquor and wine sales, Edwards was manufacturing</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> and selling soda waters, advertising his ginger ale, cherry phosphate, cider, raspberry julep, and seltzer water.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">He also sold beer, cigars, fountain supplies and empty bottles. Shown below are two angles on an Edwards whiskey jug, one that held whiskey or wine.</span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidw5SedTnw4JX_5UkIx1ODivvv6fA7VG6kaFaD5at1sh09w1JA0jlAtAJ0x1cYrLaPaC9AmXR8SPVfhOAEaitBjumTND5IKyJqDAyhNzK8QeouPQ5w_5GX2xetnU3uUGEs6FeauvlQulXqzlpgrL-pQ2XYWWUfoqAprwcd1N5lM0Xsam4CpmoB1db2oR0r/s1485/5.%20Edwards%20jug%202.jpg-%20ACR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1485" data-original-width="1194" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidw5SedTnw4JX_5UkIx1ODivvv6fA7VG6kaFaD5at1sh09w1JA0jlAtAJ0x1cYrLaPaC9AmXR8SPVfhOAEaitBjumTND5IKyJqDAyhNzK8QeouPQ5w_5GX2xetnU3uUGEs6FeauvlQulXqzlpgrL-pQ2XYWWUfoqAprwcd1N5lM0Xsam4CpmoB1db2oR0r/w161-h200/5.%20Edwards%20jug%202.jpg-%20ACR.jpg" width="161" /></a><span class="s1"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYz1rQC5jHvOtcHNgjV45J_xGPO9PcnBYNtK7O0SaxzCoN63Z1FxS7uGh0Ew2Eku3ur120jLmYMFYtmHMi_OBG2VveMuXAxV0DV9IU6n_hQGDSLdyOJRdGUlZiBLiwN9jElci4LfyL02cUMaZX0JaGcrZDhtDb39mrrcigCi2JvH0NccOnKQjCyqmu3OiH/s1455/4.%20Edwards%20jug-%201.jpg-ACL.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1455" data-original-width="1232" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYz1rQC5jHvOtcHNgjV45J_xGPO9PcnBYNtK7O0SaxzCoN63Z1FxS7uGh0Ew2Eku3ur120jLmYMFYtmHMi_OBG2VveMuXAxV0DV9IU6n_hQGDSLdyOJRdGUlZiBLiwN9jElci4LfyL02cUMaZX0JaGcrZDhtDb39mrrcigCi2JvH0NccOnKQjCyqmu3OiH/w169-h200/4.%20Edwards%20jug-%201.jpg-ACL.jpg" width="169" /></a></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Like other wholesalers, Edwards also on occasion extended credit to local saloons buying his merchandise.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>That is how he came to know Eli Cobb, who had opened a short-lived saloon in Salida, failed at being a publican, closed the drinking establishment, and was unwilling to pay a large bill owed Edwards.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Now working on a nearby ranch, Cobb had been married only about a year.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">As recounted in the <i>Salida Mail </i>of September 2, 1910:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i>“Friends of both men knew there was hard feelings between them because of the failure to settle on Cobb’s part and were suspicious that the two men might come to blows.”</i><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>They<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">clearly had not reckoned on Cobb stabbing Edwards “almost unto death.”</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">There </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">the rest of the story fades into the mists of time.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Edwards received successful medical treatment, unusual for the period and place, surviving for another 42 years.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The fate of Cobb after committing this brutal stabbing is unclear.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxQt97SAJ6rcECoMw0LrPPL8qS4K_WaxhaJajKL1WjGdL5UFYsnKXFEC4C7HAPtzFIp1hX6tcN0jiysbBJKUczvwOCeLmwxQDcoGBHbH5cjWQ6KCis_ogQSbbAG4vGYp_uQBwkI_8d-6ZhcrZE9mJpIwbTKPKjfTEBjRLSenSDCEBDRC5MdQwJSuBTaL4p/s673/8.%20Clear%20Hutch.jpg-%20ACR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="673" data-original-width="254" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxQt97SAJ6rcECoMw0LrPPL8qS4K_WaxhaJajKL1WjGdL5UFYsnKXFEC4C7HAPtzFIp1hX6tcN0jiysbBJKUczvwOCeLmwxQDcoGBHbH5cjWQ6KCis_ogQSbbAG4vGYp_uQBwkI_8d-6ZhcrZE9mJpIwbTKPKjfTEBjRLSenSDCEBDRC5MdQwJSuBTaL4p/w76-h200/8.%20Clear%20Hutch.jpg-%20ACR.jpg" width="76" /></a><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPW_dsB_yB2BwXsujaPZikDduiLjM_i5ecK9i0D2l5rgxsBFBjUtUXDpbjKq3JgiGsgZEzMVgGhjheO3ur60f4tzDB-ydE5c5gidU3mddzSevR4Qqiivw2fF8NFYvbyzgywhMJLH2hi-62Ki6nGvqPZfKBzZf0zavSRjrjgcKDf82BF8LINXQ2e39DflD4/s1200/7.%20.jpg-ACL.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="553" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPW_dsB_yB2BwXsujaPZikDduiLjM_i5ecK9i0D2l5rgxsBFBjUtUXDpbjKq3JgiGsgZEzMVgGhjheO3ur60f4tzDB-ydE5c5gidU3mddzSevR4Qqiivw2fF8NFYvbyzgywhMJLH2hi-62Ki6nGvqPZfKBzZf0zavSRjrjgcKDf82BF8LINXQ2e39DflD4/w92-h200/7.%20.jpg-ACL.jpg" width="92" /></a></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Eventually recovering from his injuries, Edwards remained in Salida churning out his beverages.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Shown above are two Hutchison bottles embossed with the city name.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>About 1902, however, the miner-turned-entrepreneur decided to move his operation 380 miles southeast to Amarillo, Texas.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>To what extent his stabbing had contributed to that decision is unclear.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Edwards clearly saw opportunities in the larger Texas city not available in Salida.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7hVTxohCvPWxRbfls1Y-08STQMyUWQdho_nzO-3gsdxDHVqniI_COaQC6rZXPISv1lZE7Ab58W-eOxPVAJcwqIlFcOLfeW100Po_eBSda62x3Ytd9wc_Npchr8bF46PlJZaxRwRX7zp8IDrnCCerd3K9BnpcEb025nL2YHaYt28OIQL1Estv-WcH9sdWe/s288/9a.%20W.%20Van%20Edwards.jpg-%20L.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="288" data-original-width="283" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7hVTxohCvPWxRbfls1Y-08STQMyUWQdho_nzO-3gsdxDHVqniI_COaQC6rZXPISv1lZE7Ab58W-eOxPVAJcwqIlFcOLfeW100Po_eBSda62x3Ytd9wc_Npchr8bF46PlJZaxRwRX7zp8IDrnCCerd3K9BnpcEb025nL2YHaYt28OIQL1Estv-WcH9sdWe/w197-h200/9a.%20W.%20Van%20Edwards.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="197" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Edwards’ original management team had been other locals;<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>in Amarillo, they were relatives. Chief among them was his son, W. Van Edwards, employed as the secretary-treasurer of the Edwards Bottling Company.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Shown here, the young man was described by a friend: “<i>Van was, in fact, one of the most outgoing extroverts, this writer has known.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Jovial, generous and friendly.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Van had no detractors — every acquaintance became a friend.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i>Working together, the father and son Edwards built a thriving business in Amarillo working from the spacious building shown below,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>strategically located across from the Amarillo railroad station. Initially called the Whistle Bottling Co., the company subsequently was re-named for Edwards.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"><br /></span></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvZF2vAkDOnpidMtDsyxFPUlJABpnWrZwDo2T28WJ43tfdkCD33CO7lBQXCFRjZ52rG0Kv9hXGmvSjYuSh58peRz_1chp1sfEbRZdZPxVUnjc0q8MjGAQJk-50_HLMkyj-AU16pAyHv73B-URh9dlXscqopY7-CQvbE21lNvjC7Tig4zHJXPYLcc_Qn2lq/s415/9b.%20Amarillo%20ad%20crppd.jpg-%20C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="408" data-original-width="415" height="315" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvZF2vAkDOnpidMtDsyxFPUlJABpnWrZwDo2T28WJ43tfdkCD33CO7lBQXCFRjZ52rG0Kv9hXGmvSjYuSh58peRz_1chp1sfEbRZdZPxVUnjc0q8MjGAQJk-50_HLMkyj-AU16pAyHv73B-URh9dlXscqopY7-CQvbE21lNvjC7Tig4zHJXPYLcc_Qn2lq/s320/9b.%20Amarillo%20ad%20crppd.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">As the Prohibition tide began to rise, Edwards Bottling Co. put increasing emphasis on its soft drink trade.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>It was one of the first bottlers in America to have a Dr. Pepper franchise.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>(And Amarillo in 1960 the first place I tasted Dr. Pepper.)<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Among company offerings were Canadian Club Ginger Ale, Pabst Malt Syrup, “Crazy Well Water,” and bottles.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>When Texas went dry at the time of National Prohibition, Edwards Bottling was well position to survive.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Just as its Edwards was able to withstand a savage knife attack, the company he founded proved just as resilient.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>When Margarite died in 1924, he married again, to a Mississippi-born woman, Corrinne Cage.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Edwards also would outlive this second wife by a year, dying in June 1952 of heart failure.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Despite his grievous wounding, Edwards had lived to be 79.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He was buried in Amarillo’s Llano Cemetery, Section U, Lot 156, Space 5. His gravestone is shown below.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirSke4L50sCCQlVFvu7ho3J9PYtl9ghqCfNV_EL22xmtAnz6DnzB6vqoGWAvGlSq2__gXUjSsl-M5FvrMb6oYMXjGQYngPiagT0eiCF4lNf5wAU49-C-iuYswjLkiEHJ4XzY_r1dNGKfO1g1jZmRijmIy0xz2ntguEtiUJjvMYbWP6M8AklSUnkwq2CT9h/s535/9d.%20WS%20Edwards%20grave.jpg-%20C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="280" data-original-width="535" height="167" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEirSke4L50sCCQlVFvu7ho3J9PYtl9ghqCfNV_EL22xmtAnz6DnzB6vqoGWAvGlSq2__gXUjSsl-M5FvrMb6oYMXjGQYngPiagT0eiCF4lNf5wAU49-C-iuYswjLkiEHJ4XzY_r1dNGKfO1g1jZmRijmIy0xz2ntguEtiUJjvMYbWP6M8AklSUnkwq2CT9h/s320/9d.%20WS%20Edwards%20grave.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Edwards died not knowing that he had created a bottling dynasty. With his father’s death Van Edwards and a relative, Martin V. B. Edwards, took over management of the bottling company.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>With their retirements, Van’s son. James Jackson “Jack” Edwards, inherited the business, to be followed by his wife, Frances Exum Edwards.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>She became owner and manager, when few women held such positions in a male dominated industry.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Frances served until the business was sold in 1965.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhovPMPZoDJ1YjJX1O7gkf8qB7jczjbAYW2ad1IeWG9HnLkg0auBJE2YGOPBuNKidyPnxWsPX2leEoHpWf0WNkB84eMdR0JW2IB1xhXHXPlGBwughkezXDk1COZzeflF2CtQ3WRrWamSkFqMmiG4i-_-Z7qrRV9mHnYEd23fAgmpKAUH8AXgY0Pgu1AhO32/s490/9e.%20L.%20Edwards%20pop%201964.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="490" data-original-width="179" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhovPMPZoDJ1YjJX1O7gkf8qB7jczjbAYW2ad1IeWG9HnLkg0auBJE2YGOPBuNKidyPnxWsPX2leEoHpWf0WNkB84eMdR0JW2IB1xhXHXPlGBwughkezXDk1COZzeflF2CtQ3WRrWamSkFqMmiG4i-_-Z7qrRV9mHnYEd23fAgmpKAUH8AXgY0Pgu1AhO32/w73-h200/9e.%20L.%20Edwards%20pop%201964.jpg" width="73" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">In sum, the Edwards name had dominated the bottling trade in two cities over most of </span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">the 20th Century despite the near fatal stabbing of the founding father. In his memory the company later produced a soft drink named “Edwards Beverage.”</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">W. S. would have been proud.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>Notes:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b> This story of a stabbing and its aftermath has some notable “holes.” <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Chief among them are events immediately following the stabbing.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>How was Edwards saved?<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>What happened to Cobb?<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Other details are needed.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>I am hoping some sharp eyed reader — perhaps a descendant — will be able to help fill in the blanks.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
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</style>Jack Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01499431800088809848noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6657913448535983609.post-71184243861051534382024-01-09T05:15:00.000-08:002024-01-09T05:18:49.724-08:00The Hegners Were 115 Years in Cincinnati Whiskey<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">For most of the 19th Century, the center of the American liquor trade was Cincinnati, Ohio.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Close to Kentucky and Pennsylvania, two major distilling states, and a major national hub for river and railroad traffic,</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">the so-called “Queen City” was home to hundreds of distillers, rectifiers (blenders), wholesale and retail liquor dealers.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Among them was the Hegner clan — three generations</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">encompassing six decades in the whiskey trade.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSO7CkrizL-84Ktox1O-lxrudqhnrpDj9YO6uNG02D7iF8K_RcXwHPcNqgzTZPXHDpgM6DNcssXfTPu7Ph6ub4-f9IsSSDxvPDk2ayr1YdyvwpsmezytO1Q9FifNP_xKgEDIjskHmbBFanVetaDksjS30E481pFheH5MgKLakd0ckJciQgRfFypMf9WHYr/s2103/1.%20Johan.jpg-%20L.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2103" data-original-width="1735" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSO7CkrizL-84Ktox1O-lxrudqhnrpDj9YO6uNG02D7iF8K_RcXwHPcNqgzTZPXHDpgM6DNcssXfTPu7Ph6ub4-f9IsSSDxvPDk2ayr1YdyvwpsmezytO1Q9FifNP_xKgEDIjskHmbBFanVetaDksjS30E481pFheH5MgKLakd0ckJciQgRfFypMf9WHYr/w165-h200/1.%20Johan.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="165" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">The Hegner saga began with the arrival of Johan Hegner in the United States in 1843.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Born in Germany in1823, Johan at the age of 20, was said to be </span><i style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">“like thousands of ambitious young men of the old country, determined to seek his fortune in America.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">He also may have been trying to avoid being conscripted into the Prussian military.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Johan is shown here as depicted on a Hegner grave monument.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Johan appears to have had some experience in his homeland with the distilling trades.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He early headed to Cincinnati with its strong German population and lively liquor industry. There Johan is credited with being a pioneer distiller and yeast manufacturer.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i> “He furnished stock yeast to the distilleries of this city and the tributary territory for many years,”</i> noted a Hegner biographer.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqGKNXGnyPmrfa0eozA6k_qEz1fumzdgSlYCVCO01nmJKzGx5jCK4pXdv7260XdthT7nQXl1s_f3kq1VdmW7gdxrqkgpMu-IxQtto1QoIhNDmPjQ48qyJzlNSFZA_iO5ngRmdaPCyrYe3qy7Q8ZkoBLv0QRhIcxOxZX623NuYCkTsGEe7GEdXpL6FBuPjQ/s2103/%202.%20Katarina.jpg-R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2103" data-original-width="1522" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqGKNXGnyPmrfa0eozA6k_qEz1fumzdgSlYCVCO01nmJKzGx5jCK4pXdv7260XdthT7nQXl1s_f3kq1VdmW7gdxrqkgpMu-IxQtto1QoIhNDmPjQ48qyJzlNSFZA_iO5ngRmdaPCyrYe3qy7Q8ZkoBLv0QRhIcxOxZX623NuYCkTsGEe7GEdXpL6FBuPjQ/w145-h200/%202.%20Katarina.jpg-R.jpg" width="145" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial;">In Cincinnati, Johan met and about 1847 married Catherine Kuespert, a child of</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> immigrant parents. She was three years his junior</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">They would have three children, Anna Barbara, born in 1848; Margaretha, 1854, and Gottfried, 1855. Shown here as depicted on the grave monument, Catherine died in 1879 at the age of 54.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">The couple is buried in the Hegner plot in Cincinnati’s Spring Grove Cemetery.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"><b></b></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Johan lived until 1904, long enough to help educate his son in the whiskey trade.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Gottfried had attended public schools until reaching 12 years and then went to work in the distilling business, serving apprenticeships in Cincinnati and Terre Haute, Indiana.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In 1875, the young man returned to Cincinnati and gained employment as a bookkeeper with William Fuller & Co., a wholesale dealership and whiskey rectifier. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>This was a highly responsible position because of the need to keep careful track of the federal taxes owed.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Federal agents particularly targeted tax cheating on rectified whiskey.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The penalty was stiff and could include jail time.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">At William Fuller & Co. Gottfried met Augustus Kayser, Fuller’s junior partner in the liquor house.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Born in Germany, Kayser was seven years older and an established personage in the Cincinnati liquor trade.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The two men became friends and eventually Gottfried introduced him to his older sister, Anna Barbara.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The two fell in love and were married, bringing Kayser firmly into the Hegner family fold. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">In 1878 Fuller dissolved his firm leaving Kayser and Gottfried’s free to organize their own liquor business.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>They founded it that same year as Kayser & Hegner Company.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Augustus was president and Gottfried secretary.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Their first address was 86 East Second Street (1878-1883) and subsequent larger quarters over a span of 40 years all were located on East Second.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">In February 1879, Gottfried met and in Cincinnati married<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Annie E. F. Lachtrop, the daughter of a well known local tavern keeper, the proprietor of Eight Mile House, located on the Lexington and Covington turnpike.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Growing up in the roadhouse atmosphere Annie was well attuned to her husband’s occupation.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The couple would have three children, Harry born 1880 , Fred, 1883, and Pearl, 1886.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsqBJD0IRmWISCx8BJDujQ_TrDxi72AHpPX0WwUlv9MVahkhVS4kQjNdxBzDdmSxNGsGpEQGmiLlKLQwTaB7cfeU3KV6IImDOx0oXmLMC7rqNY_KnNwuMgDUU4XxGs2shyphenhyphenM5dnzWguHNfKT5d9nXMwkM3pT1IRN_qLbMrl5-yi5494d8HKXzVN79hFFDHf/s1283/3.%20Kayser&Hegner.jpg-L.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1283" data-original-width="743" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsqBJD0IRmWISCx8BJDujQ_TrDxi72AHpPX0WwUlv9MVahkhVS4kQjNdxBzDdmSxNGsGpEQGmiLlKLQwTaB7cfeU3KV6IImDOx0oXmLMC7rqNY_KnNwuMgDUU4XxGs2shyphenhyphenM5dnzWguHNfKT5d9nXMwkM3pT1IRN_qLbMrl5-yi5494d8HKXzVN79hFFDHf/w116-h200/3.%20Kayser&Hegner.jpg-L.jpg" width="116" /></span></a><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2">Kayser & Hegner featured a number of proprietary “house” brands.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>They included “Red Hen,” "Avondale Club,” "Belle of Washington,” "Moscow Rye.” "Selby Run,” "Small Still,” "T. P. A,” and "Yacht Club.”</span><span class="s1"> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span class="s2"> In 1887 the partners registered Yacht Club, their flagship brand, with the Patent and Trademark Office.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>When Congress strengthened copyright laws in 1905, they re-registered the name and added Avondale, Belle of Washington, and Selby Run.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>As shown here Kayser & Hegner bottled their whiskey in both ceramic and glass.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"><br /></span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivQcFawmExAdFZ1dzyBLC9Cqf63s1XFcz7Z95gJ4o8FSmUc1sCwAd2VuF-OAxCt6oXUItgA7Dk80_MaBzkbWpCyOXhG5kgVI9Xza5QN21oMz17fqWiJT7-WGHvziklZ9_GqGzhoUpQMy0s3v9JjsQf6d7QL80_dwet-VnehkJhBTumeoKZZmAva2ot7iQJ/s1200/5.%20K%20&%20H%20qt.%20bot.jpg-ACR.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1200" data-original-width="553" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivQcFawmExAdFZ1dzyBLC9Cqf63s1XFcz7Z95gJ4o8FSmUc1sCwAd2VuF-OAxCt6oXUItgA7Dk80_MaBzkbWpCyOXhG5kgVI9Xza5QN21oMz17fqWiJT7-WGHvziklZ9_GqGzhoUpQMy0s3v9JjsQf6d7QL80_dwet-VnehkJhBTumeoKZZmAva2ot7iQJ/w92-h200/5.%20K%20&%20H%20qt.%20bot.jpg-ACR.jpg" width="92" /></span></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghjY6wB666tm1pFIKxm-xzCyq_K6HQyQ6-Vcgq2yEyusw0EZ3nAs1uTL7Nac5I91awa1EKmUxJsSTx2EthKqdrCqsMeQ2gL71EPnsV8YXkm4N0JaAkjkKiYXHuIK2PRtQ3mImqKsZIjtQGhXK4DYYwuaa_Wn5YvGo_JoWE0uO2t6zg6qg8ocs5hvwifscl/s1107/4.%20Flask.jpg-ACL.jpg" style="clear: left; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1107" data-original-width="553" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghjY6wB666tm1pFIKxm-xzCyq_K6HQyQ6-Vcgq2yEyusw0EZ3nAs1uTL7Nac5I91awa1EKmUxJsSTx2EthKqdrCqsMeQ2gL71EPnsV8YXkm4N0JaAkjkKiYXHuIK2PRtQ3mImqKsZIjtQGhXK4DYYwuaa_Wn5YvGo_JoWE0uO2t6zg6qg8ocs5hvwifscl/w100-h200/4.%20Flask.jpg-ACL.jpg" width="100" /></span></a></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaqHTB5aTByLVzbiuQYVjMwyELTZV62Fkk71ofUQJkxhUrUyhDMxvnzk3tMB_Nf2rRy2cFaL292K5tKUxLMx1kK8LnMt7hOIp2Jn4q94t12NCuOfsJ4DGmNBVK7tR7_nR9VUiryKu3hz5NJd7mKl0R-8455-NbIMZRQrF7UxmBrFMuQ-qjOfyOuxbk-z-6/s645/6.%20K%20&%20H%20litho%20art.jpg-%20%20R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="645" data-original-width="550" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhaqHTB5aTByLVzbiuQYVjMwyELTZV62Fkk71ofUQJkxhUrUyhDMxvnzk3tMB_Nf2rRy2cFaL292K5tKUxLMx1kK8LnMt7hOIp2Jn4q94t12NCuOfsJ4DGmNBVK7tR7_nR9VUiryKu3hz5NJd7mKl0R-8455-NbIMZRQrF7UxmBrFMuQ-qjOfyOuxbk-z-6/w171-h200/6.%20K%20&%20H%20litho%20art.jpg-%20%20R.jpg" width="171" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial;">From the outset the partner’s exhibited a strong sense of merchandising.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>They</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> provided their customers in saloons, hotels and restaurants with well crafted signs advertising their whiskey.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">At left is a Kayser & Hegner gifted sign of a smiling boy done in the</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Dutch or German realistic genre.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">In an era when depictions of female nudity were common in drinking establishments, this picture was suitable for display in finer settings where women were invited.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Below is a second example of the company advertising.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">This saloon sign celebrates Yacht Club as well as two other Kayser & Hegner brands.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Although the central focus is on two sailboats, look to the left, very small, is a line of battleships, suggesting a wartime dating.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIcZBWj6gakKxabkpdVgogwmHb44wbLXP-nHONEhZ7Wur_7jxlLdruTl2r-kFEqXYnKB8heDzsKQ4IpA0wMQ0UDXAUpoELhb8lu9PQ5xIPV5Uhul9GU-8mSCA4AnaLK2C9YNK8H1EcWT6Z9mJ9o7AoKBO-31mDUekCt30mGotrnXVLt81HapNDsCXpgnmP/s498/7.%20K%20&%20H%20Saloon%20sign.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Times; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="308" data-original-width="498" height="248" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIcZBWj6gakKxabkpdVgogwmHb44wbLXP-nHONEhZ7Wur_7jxlLdruTl2r-kFEqXYnKB8heDzsKQ4IpA0wMQ0UDXAUpoELhb8lu9PQ5xIPV5Uhul9GU-8mSCA4AnaLK2C9YNK8H1EcWT6Z9mJ9o7AoKBO-31mDUekCt30mGotrnXVLt81HapNDsCXpgnmP/w400-h248/7.%20K%20&%20H%20Saloon%20sign.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="400" /></span></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">As was common then in<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>the liquor trade, the partners also gifted their customers with decorative shot glasses.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Those would be distributed to both wholesale and retail patrons.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Not expensive to make, those glasses were virtually indestructible and capable of being used over and over.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Today advertising shot glasses find an avid collector base willing to spend a high dollar figure for particular pieces.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"><br /></span></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCpZjsYqnHmvFgcO2IEVdGtPXf0TW4BRa8EH-2CENhJhWW4-7KocQuyt_I7tp1x9ZQlv9OtiVZHxgau6iCO4BRj3pLF5Qs6lkkxfwSzP6SM6hnvuqZUZpjptyCZgu9x6IDSaszcU8rdWrpwgIPiLwd07JSIdIH4IslPUmi3snZKBwaQbWELWS3yXiuusxi/s390/9a.%20K&H%20Avondale%20%20SG%20.jpg-%20ACR.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="390" data-original-width="320" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCpZjsYqnHmvFgcO2IEVdGtPXf0TW4BRa8EH-2CENhJhWW4-7KocQuyt_I7tp1x9ZQlv9OtiVZHxgau6iCO4BRj3pLF5Qs6lkkxfwSzP6SM6hnvuqZUZpjptyCZgu9x6IDSaszcU8rdWrpwgIPiLwd07JSIdIH4IslPUmi3snZKBwaQbWELWS3yXiuusxi/w164-h200/9a.%20K&H%20Avondale%20%20SG%20.jpg-%20ACR.jpg" width="164" /></span></a><span class="s2" style="font-size: medium;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEii8rnAlGrk6eSVW3wsok5D_jf0XjdgTYtjGDl93HqbpBgM0cbfRO1hxH1qnvyS7D3YUKIUEA7LjjHM0sSLyioqXbn5iyB5C9bx7RBT4yugP3U6Ddp7hAiE61YWCLKUJSwNEqoNXGkOWVdF88csSQISKo3RR70FmyMC4O6hJy6rj0_nrt7161PsSTU4Oisn/s373/8.%20K&H%20TPA%20COB%20SGjpg-ACL.jpg" style="clear: left; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="373" data-original-width="300" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEii8rnAlGrk6eSVW3wsok5D_jf0XjdgTYtjGDl93HqbpBgM0cbfRO1hxH1qnvyS7D3YUKIUEA7LjjHM0sSLyioqXbn5iyB5C9bx7RBT4yugP3U6Ddp7hAiE61YWCLKUJSwNEqoNXGkOWVdF88csSQISKo3RR70FmyMC4O6hJy6rj0_nrt7161PsSTU4Oisn/w161-h200/8.%20K&H%20TPA%20COB%20SGjpg-ACL.jpg" width="161" /></a></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Kayser & Hegner did a vigorous business throughout the Middle West by sending salesmen out on the road.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>They would be announced by imaginative post cards, often including the proposed date of the visit, as on the card below.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The company tried to make them as interesting as possible with illustrations.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The card at left serves to introduce the third in the line of Hegners in the whiskey trade, Henry Hegner, who began in the business as a traveling salesman for Kayser & Hegner.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRoU79d7Rk8NgtGN9iYjmVLpqBmiWtDO-paFz4OK6uRTdKWUVc-3mVigy3zvng8adeFj5RcNC2T48-ddJhWaIS9U2ENA_QWpUBLNyCevUjGIHPCR9BsfDS8WvSK8FbSQclMbWElDN0Pjt838FGtpyMQH6u5XADdcLlQNc2ELFVXWhaDwdDTThovbAAb6B_/s1325/9c.%20K%20&%20H%20trade%20card%201905.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="797" data-original-width="1325" height="192" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRoU79d7Rk8NgtGN9iYjmVLpqBmiWtDO-paFz4OK6uRTdKWUVc-3mVigy3zvng8adeFj5RcNC2T48-ddJhWaIS9U2ENA_QWpUBLNyCevUjGIHPCR9BsfDS8WvSK8FbSQclMbWElDN0Pjt838FGtpyMQH6u5XADdcLlQNc2ELFVXWhaDwdDTThovbAAb6B_/s320/9c.%20K%20&%20H%20trade%20card%201905.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></span></a><span class="s2" style="font-size: medium;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUNtiO5ZlkW9AOdHjEjhcztbRvC9rM5CRUiJsmiR0itxejRmsQLIdaolp6R_IeofEozvRPmkX6uweeD9Y8LkGHdh1SbAZPk9y1oLGRyBSizkWzfY47XZ1LtsZdgUJ5EIU9osKI6yUheqbQ88r1Av2l1zOyoLBGe8KW9jQSF_0ZWni4txk0oDAEXbqyj-4K/s685/9b.Harry%20Hegner%20+%20Red%20Hen%20Whiskey-%20L.jpg" style="clear: left; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="685" data-original-width="439" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUNtiO5ZlkW9AOdHjEjhcztbRvC9rM5CRUiJsmiR0itxejRmsQLIdaolp6R_IeofEozvRPmkX6uweeD9Y8LkGHdh1SbAZPk9y1oLGRyBSizkWzfY47XZ1LtsZdgUJ5EIU9osKI6yUheqbQ88r1Av2l1zOyoLBGe8KW9jQSF_0ZWni4txk0oDAEXbqyj-4K/w205-h320/9b.Harry%20Hegner%20+%20Red%20Hen%20Whiskey-%20L.jpg" width="205" /></a></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">As he advanced into his 60s,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Augustus Kayser ’s health faltered.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Earlier he had been highly active, running the liquor house and making a name as an inventor.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He owned patents on “Improvements in Low Water Alarms for Steam-Generators” (1871) and “Improvement in Low Water Alarms for Steam Boilers” (1972).<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>His wealth allowed him to house his wife Barbara and children, Augustus Jr. and Luella, in a spacious home at 1710 Kinney Avenue in Cincinnati, shown here.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjAfklPraHLH-4Jcm4g0UFA3ocM-2MxmFLjsFWYImsJuhPlmxTkm8EAXx9gFz_fnzUzgEcmlFYLX3yiEohckByjQTk4f_ard05lhiHhdkr_phq9O6Dl0flpaJXpmQPVHMd3suTQSunSW8e0rcAZHRU1BNs5Q68lhTivIb18GgglXqsnXIVF1WUzD0F-uTY/s358/9d.%201710%20Kinney%20Av.%20Aug.%20Kayser%20home.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="font-family: Times; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="358" data-original-width="331" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjjAfklPraHLH-4Jcm4g0UFA3ocM-2MxmFLjsFWYImsJuhPlmxTkm8EAXx9gFz_fnzUzgEcmlFYLX3yiEohckByjQTk4f_ard05lhiHhdkr_phq9O6Dl0flpaJXpmQPVHMd3suTQSunSW8e0rcAZHRU1BNs5Q68lhTivIb18GgglXqsnXIVF1WUzD0F-uTY/s320/9d.%201710%20Kinney%20Av.%20Aug.%20Kayser%20home.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="296" /></span></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2" style="font-size: medium;"></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Augustus was living there amid his family when in September 1910, he died and was buried in the Hegner family plot.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Gottfried had taken over the management of Kayser & Hegner a year earlier.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Said a biographer:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>“<i>Having early gained thorough knowledge of his business, Mr. Hegner applied himself with great diligence and has won high standing among the distillers and wholesale dealers of the country….Possessing a generous and kindly nature, he is a liberal contributor to worthy causes.…”</i></span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">With the help of Henry, promoted to management, the Hegners prospered even as the noose of Prohibition tightened around the liquor industry.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The family finally conceded, closing down their establishment in 1918.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Gottfried would live another 12 years, succumbing in August 1930 at the age of 75.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He was buried in the Hegner plot adjacent to the monument to Johann and Catherine and near wife Annie and son Henry, both of whom had preceded him in death.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In Cincinnati, home to a multitude of liquor establishments, the Hegner/Kayser clan had made its mark.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUI8HnIesNVuPjWBBHQB5w2bZnVkhhC5oWg4HrkLaiy-gEAlIAiY-ZNBFqiACJTMHTjcLaxJRYvVHL1fhdoB2KToy4eqRzFV7cBCvT5YNJlvRmnpKpTtp7y_51ADr45ctqh1Gt8z85eRSSjKk4ItkS3071FpxRlxl8IvIztV72QLP_236n7npCtKOotCdk/s250/9g.%20Gottfried%20grave.jpg-R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="167" data-original-width="250" height="167" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUI8HnIesNVuPjWBBHQB5w2bZnVkhhC5oWg4HrkLaiy-gEAlIAiY-ZNBFqiACJTMHTjcLaxJRYvVHL1fhdoB2KToy4eqRzFV7cBCvT5YNJlvRmnpKpTtp7y_51ADr45ctqh1Gt8z85eRSSjKk4ItkS3071FpxRlxl8IvIztV72QLP_236n7npCtKOotCdk/s1600/9g.%20Gottfried%20grave.jpg-R.jpg" width="250" /></span></a><span class="s2" style="font-size: medium;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifRX1UXV5LAimT2ZRNAS0IbVm5ky3srq-NOEIPls9sJf-g84ZnIwlxnnC2s-C2cEpcIOEYYeF4zHl9rIIQ921nlRfql13S1UXi0nwNYsya0SBPKo-koHdA7qZrqhPLfUb5VRIOTt5ARbk-jwvQy77wmr7DojlM92BdcyrC5GH4yJHma00ybaQDKB7ANeH-/s451/9e.%20%20Hegner%20monument.jpg-%20L.jpg" style="clear: left; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="451" data-original-width="223" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifRX1UXV5LAimT2ZRNAS0IbVm5ky3srq-NOEIPls9sJf-g84ZnIwlxnnC2s-C2cEpcIOEYYeF4zHl9rIIQ921nlRfql13S1UXi0nwNYsya0SBPKo-koHdA7qZrqhPLfUb5VRIOTt5ARbk-jwvQy77wmr7DojlM92BdcyrC5GH4yJHma00ybaQDKB7ANeH-/s320/9e.%20%20Hegner%20monument.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="158" /></a></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>Notes:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"><b> </b> </span>This post relies heavily for information from <a href="http://ancestry.com"><span class="s3">ancestry.com</span></a> and the biographies of Johann and Gottfried Hegner in the volume, “<i>The Queen City, 1788-1912,”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i> Vol. III, Clark Publishing, 1912.</span></span></p>
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</style>Jack Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01499431800088809848noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6657913448535983609.post-57017786731143783112024-01-05T05:06:00.000-08:002024-01-05T05:09:46.867-08:00Whiskey Men and Divorce<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"><i>Foreword:</i></b><i style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>While in past posts I have dealt with “whiskey men” who engaged in multiple marriages,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>those stories frequently involved the death of a spouse and remarriages. </i><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">[See post of May 14, 2019.]</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><i style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> In other instances whiskey men have been involved in marriages that ended in divorces that were “messy” or involved “high society,” some meriting newspaper headlines.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The four short narratives that follow demonstrate a range of circumstances surrounding the breaking of marriage bonds.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Note that in each case it was the wife who sued for divorce.</i></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtOHraQ8pgW9kwvemYVPtbvfJRQoBrjkbTCoIVKin8edzuU2e27ZGtst9d1RYKy3dYIia_gXX3gL9xl3ch0Hu1KROYGBYLkOyhv53qBm74mUgYLKAEzVBMOR36AoeBbPoQ1-_AuQEyjZYQFlJoJ906t8Oc-ILqfY6lz__1tWN9EkT5piiZPoQM2Nw_v4ZI/s593/%201.%20Jug%20L.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="593" data-original-width="369" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtOHraQ8pgW9kwvemYVPtbvfJRQoBrjkbTCoIVKin8edzuU2e27ZGtst9d1RYKy3dYIia_gXX3gL9xl3ch0Hu1KROYGBYLkOyhv53qBm74mUgYLKAEzVBMOR36AoeBbPoQ1-_AuQEyjZYQFlJoJ906t8Oc-ILqfY6lz__1tWN9EkT5piiZPoQM2Nw_v4ZI/w124-h200/%201.%20Jug%20L.jpg" width="124" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><b style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">George Buente:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Booze for Indians, Blows for Wife</b><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Buente was the owner of a St. Louis shipping company whose principal trade was illicitly selling whiskey on Indian reservations.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Having outraged officials involved in Native American affairs, he ultimately became the government’s “poster boy” for the greed of American citizens prospering from the sale of “firewater.”</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">In St. Louis Buente made other headlines for wife beating.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">In 1874 Buente returned to his native Prussia where he found a bride in 26-year-old Augusta, a women eleven years his junior, and brought her back to the U.S.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In quick succession they had three children.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A clue to Buente’s character may be Augusta’s petition for divorce in 1881 after seven years of marriage.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>During the three preceding years, according to her testimony, her husband whipped and maltreated her on many occasions, beating her with his fists, throwing her violently against the wall and striking her while she was pregnant.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"><br /></span></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGFJUKtnyro3xcTK8GFKeyRCGWb6aZtM5RXZyTJN0nh5Zlt8TUyashTNuJKaGuu7cPrCKi6WpLKE-tMMszMPseoftILYCMBgLS4diRztPS5xuDnsGlHPqGKn1qP6bC_JTMnes1CzforHbAuo0RvQBZT-EpQ0BYiO9c7eu3M-DS2073O7WxqTfBCmkR_3jP/s727/2.%20Wife%20Beating.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Times; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="406" data-original-width="727" height="179" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiGFJUKtnyro3xcTK8GFKeyRCGWb6aZtM5RXZyTJN0nh5Zlt8TUyashTNuJKaGuu7cPrCKi6WpLKE-tMMszMPseoftILYCMBgLS4diRztPS5xuDnsGlHPqGKn1qP6bC_JTMnes1CzforHbAuo0RvQBZT-EpQ0BYiO9c7eu3M-DS2073O7WxqTfBCmkR_3jP/s320/2.%20Wife%20Beating.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1" style="font-size: medium;"></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Augusta further alleged that Buente frequently taunted her with a description of his illicit amours.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Her divorce petition stated:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>“<i>She bore this treatment until it became intolerable, and was at length compelled to appeal to the court for relief.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i>Augusta sought custody of their children and considerable alimony, noting Buente’s lucrative business and real estate holdings.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The judge agreed, granted her the divorce, child custody and alimony.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0hNdZ7XhkQN3BJEoqDj_gYiWG1qatLWym9NpGKGLT9t5p9BU0kyIj1mE33LIpt49cRhRolhtv3gEJCacI96bCgWSGlkHtru2LRFnUtIclxw_xXlHWEsKYjd5781_l3Auli8ZSHM_P-9pQu1pIxyJx39dhytjX-FJv5OOG2h3iPbJs_AhJfAu82gNM7lpC/s320/%20%203._whiskey_to_Indian.%20R%20%20.png" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="314" data-original-width="320" height="196" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0hNdZ7XhkQN3BJEoqDj_gYiWG1qatLWym9NpGKGLT9t5p9BU0kyIj1mE33LIpt49cRhRolhtv3gEJCacI96bCgWSGlkHtru2LRFnUtIclxw_xXlHWEsKYjd5781_l3Auli8ZSHM_P-9pQu1pIxyJx39dhytjX-FJv5OOG2h3iPbJs_AhJfAu82gNM7lpC/w200-h196/%20%203._whiskey_to_Indian.%20R%20%20.png" width="200" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial;">Buente fared no better in a second court appearance.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Having been caught shipping </span></span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">liquor into Indian Territory, </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Buente was arrested and brought before a federal court.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">He feigned ignorance of the law but nonetheless pled guilty to the charges.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">He was fined $500 (equivalent to more than $12,000 today) and court costs. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Whether this conviction was enough to discourage him from sending liquor again into Indian Territory is unclear.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b><br /></b></span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBMIIrr7MNa7zHeglWBIxHAi7VNjTVwRxzj94VrALVA5AR-mQ0AKuBsZh2qEBTzl26t3ZhX1lYVRAOp5WhFSLXJVdzCt8okRvbBq8Yij3E9mkStKmJPCr_xonsEVgLQPAV_1mn-MQ8F_HiExVo3Sc0f3vqTY290HRR5Aps4z7hVsfAN_96dLCXArfMXT3g/s257/4.%20Philpot-%20L.tiff" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="257" data-original-width="229" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBMIIrr7MNa7zHeglWBIxHAi7VNjTVwRxzj94VrALVA5AR-mQ0AKuBsZh2qEBTzl26t3ZhX1lYVRAOp5WhFSLXJVdzCt8okRvbBq8Yij3E9mkStKmJPCr_xonsEVgLQPAV_1mn-MQ8F_HiExVo3Sc0f3vqTY290HRR5Aps4z7hVsfAN_96dLCXArfMXT3g/w178-h200/4.%20Philpot-%20L.tiff" width="178" /></span></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>J. C. Philpot:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>While Wife Fed Chickens, Did He “Hen” Hop?<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b> If you chanced to meet Jay George Philpott at one of his Michigan enterprises, he almost certainly would become an instant friend and confidant — and have something to sell you<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>It might be liquor, oysters, insurance, used cars, or even worthless Russian bonds.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Attractive to women, Philpot, shown here, had all the qualities of a confidence man.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">While still in his 20s Philpot established liquor stores in two small Michigan cities: Port Huron, located in the northeastern most part of the state on Lake Huron,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>and Adrian, 130 miles south, not far from the Ohio border.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>On the outskirts of Adrian Philpot bought a 20 acre spread on which he raised prize poultry.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A biographer noted:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i>“He is a great fancier of finely bred chickens, and his pens…have won many prizes at different fairs and poultry shows where they have been exhibited.”</i></span></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsOBR_79lUp1CVI1777F11O2w4-B9r-J3LNFNFwPun4QbCyVanotCBUuxuPgXYdh8hvtUm-p4IvwCB7jM3q4qxcwY9Cm_MJY-QdJegKBA5j-efe2QdZVcHuYopBicOJyLy_dRjPEEbyUUcfvaEkRNjyyiO4dSCABtNtKqL4dhaoEkSN8Q9GwYHEso83LvR/s900/%205.%20a-young-woman-feeds-chickens-R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="900" data-original-width="597" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgsOBR_79lUp1CVI1777F11O2w4-B9r-J3LNFNFwPun4QbCyVanotCBUuxuPgXYdh8hvtUm-p4IvwCB7jM3q4qxcwY9Cm_MJY-QdJegKBA5j-efe2QdZVcHuYopBicOJyLy_dRjPEEbyUUcfvaEkRNjyyiO4dSCABtNtKqL4dhaoEkSN8Q9GwYHEso83LvR/w133-h200/%205.%20a-young-woman-feeds-chickens-R.jpg" width="133" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial;">In June of 1890 Philpot married 22-year old Gertrude Durham of Romeo, Michigan,</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> and settled her on the farm.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">There would be no children. Leaving Gertrude miles away in Adrian to feed and nurture his chickens,</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Philpot spent the bulk of his time in Port Huron expanding his liquor trade there. His rapt attention to business may have been explained by a local news report:</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><i style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">“A large number of people are employed…In the labeling department a number of girls find employment.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">After nine years of doling out feed to Philpots' leghorns, houdans, and brahmas, Gertrude called it quits.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Charging him with “extreme cruelty” she obtained a divorce.</span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmwuKCRtX3Qa_2Xd4q5_oxhZ0ljObl97aJL7UfWASpdjVwSq5puyRxc21m397OmL2GaU9CdqMHtee5RX17nVcmTIcqkjtugF6knUOWO-b5_vvjRE37UydafoxqsFeeVl91Low3_5eCPgo1bxs_si5gmDokhKx5DkOU_PpdQniB9hWPJzGb1sJDFZ3ASy_R/s1600/6.%20Russian%20Imperial%20Bonds.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Times; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1066" data-original-width="1600" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmwuKCRtX3Qa_2Xd4q5_oxhZ0ljObl97aJL7UfWASpdjVwSq5puyRxc21m397OmL2GaU9CdqMHtee5RX17nVcmTIcqkjtugF6knUOWO-b5_vvjRE37UydafoxqsFeeVl91Low3_5eCPgo1bxs_si5gmDokhKx5DkOU_PpdQniB9hWPJzGb1sJDFZ3ASy_R/s320/6.%20Russian%20Imperial%20Bonds.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Philpott wasted little time in remarrying, having a child, buying a large Port Huron home, and settling there.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>When Michigan went “dry” in 1917,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>he began to deal in foreign securities, including Russian Imperial bonds, above, issued before the Communist Revolution.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>According to press accounts:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i> “Philpott is said to have disposed of virtually worthless Russian bonds to Michigan investors at a considerable loss to the latter.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i> By 1929, the Michigan Securities Commission in Lansing had had enough. The Commission revoked his brokerage license.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A year later Philpot after a brief illness died in Port Huron, age 58.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><i></i></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>Fred Hipsh:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The Con Man Cuckolded.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b> Fred Hipsh was a Hungarian immigrant who spent much of his working life in New York City acting as a “distiller’s agent”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>representing whiskey distillers and rectifiers, selling client alcoholic products, and conducting tastings and other promotional events.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>But Hipsh had a</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">bent toward chicanery, claiming to own a non-existent Kentucky distillery and selling fraudulent bond certificates for whiskey allegedly being aged in a non-existing warehouse.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivvyU-6JGurzTJOYlZk0Z7DW0AnV_73aYaEkbdiweBm7pj4FXbg327eXTptlv8t_NLI9GgL3vijFdn3u5TJCvpEC7aJv6jdz6uzQ8w9vnLv9P4RuESbK2T3dMM9ienBH9I4anvi7B2uaZlB1mZlqVlkHVYDr3CdpgtdyZh8UGVhe09xEKKdt3vIWFkrElQ/s320/8.%20Shonts.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="320" data-original-width="178" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivvyU-6JGurzTJOYlZk0Z7DW0AnV_73aYaEkbdiweBm7pj4FXbg327eXTptlv8t_NLI9GgL3vijFdn3u5TJCvpEC7aJv6jdz6uzQ8w9vnLv9P4RuESbK2T3dMM9ienBH9I4anvi7B2uaZlB1mZlqVlkHVYDr3CdpgtdyZh8UGVhe09xEKKdt3vIWFkrElQ/w111-h200/8.%20Shonts.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="111" /></span></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOf_QuVI9FzbIq2fe5JuVI7lX56arpgaj4EDlcMgqpHVzkgRbvsAEysEKid4FKZGmjcH9UkZ3hGVTBj0FoAUGjVPCa_73x-741YABpGFHPNP0VwYLm9GRHUx-f8MyOHfCgBMo7DHpsX9TOCSeZc2p-AFB20qw3R7IH9_sPt75I6efqBO4V0WVKBhGypU-t/s320/7.News%20headlinejpg-%20L.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="284" data-original-width="320" height="178" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOf_QuVI9FzbIq2fe5JuVI7lX56arpgaj4EDlcMgqpHVzkgRbvsAEysEKid4FKZGmjcH9UkZ3hGVTBj0FoAUGjVPCa_73x-741YABpGFHPNP0VwYLm9GRHUx-f8MyOHfCgBMo7DHpsX9TOCSeZc2p-AFB20qw3R7IH9_sPt75I6efqBO4V0WVKBhGypU-t/w200-h178/7.News%20headlinejpg-%20L.jpg" width="200" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial;">While Hipsh was cheating in the whiskey trade and getting </span></span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">away with it, his wife, Anna, was cheating on their marriage. Fourteen years younger than Hipsh, Anna was attractive and was working as a stenographer when the couple married.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Now her lover was Theodore P. Shonts, one of New York’s richest and most powerful men as president of a New York Interborough Transit Company and an officer in several large railroads. Hipsh sued Shonts for $200,000, (more than $4 million today) for “alienation of affections.”</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Known to be in an unhappy marriage, Shonts, shown here, lamely claimed Hipsh’s charges were a case of mistaken identity and that the real culprit was his “double.”</span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5FAawFp7v7wW1Lgi26biDiywTbvScCD1fHb3dQyrlf4wwKJpZm0ij3mX4FjnDIszDUxWWhgpp6sT_GZkYyFBjZtQbFykDvrsu4IGvMMNOLIQ2o9CxzF2bEbumVbgxmha4XwVXncQLBi734fJ85zsa9pDnqV5rgOsZHOAbFqXoOO7pmvnH3LQWq2v0OaqG/s400/9a.%20Anna%20in%20Reno.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Times; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="126" data-original-width="400" height="126" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5FAawFp7v7wW1Lgi26biDiywTbvScCD1fHb3dQyrlf4wwKJpZm0ij3mX4FjnDIszDUxWWhgpp6sT_GZkYyFBjZtQbFykDvrsu4IGvMMNOLIQ2o9CxzF2bEbumVbgxmha4XwVXncQLBi734fJ85zsa9pDnqV5rgOsZHOAbFqXoOO7pmvnH3LQWq2v0OaqG/w400-h126/9a.%20Anna%20in%20Reno.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="400" /></span></a></div><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">When Hipsh confronted Anna with solid evidence of the adultery, she packed a suitcase and bolted for the train station.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>When the New York press caught up with her, Anna was in Reno, Nevada, apparently there for a “quicky” divorce.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Possibly with Shonts’ assistance, she was staying at the posh Riverside Hotel.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Anna acknowledged to reporters that she knew Shonts, saying: <i>“He has always treated me as a gentleman should treat a woman.”</i><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>But she denied they were having an affair.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Subsequently Fred and Anna divorced, a settlement was reached with Shonts, and the railroad magnet, who clearly had a roving eye, went on to other women and scandals.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Hipsh, now single, moved to New York’s Marseilles Hotel.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>His days in court were not over, convicted in 1913 of welshing on a large debt. Hipsh died the same year.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Anna’s fate is unknown.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><b></b></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxzGihQso1on6JQ5Bs5zRZwfcHFT8dNmUTuMJnz4uVp_FpzadZc1nxNfnNt1UnYMFMUUd_eyGN1kK3MlOnGhcks0bfxRpXXq4B_XzR8RmTdrzTGCoZj8OhIUeMQw-qtLeO1Aqw8fQP6Y55yF5BTYIVJgN6MR9vn1rpGQOeWW3QCrJxJetIyQ_Tc3KewttQ/s200/9b.%20F.%20Thorley.jpg-%20L.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="200" data-original-width="161" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxzGihQso1on6JQ5Bs5zRZwfcHFT8dNmUTuMJnz4uVp_FpzadZc1nxNfnNt1UnYMFMUUd_eyGN1kK3MlOnGhcks0bfxRpXXq4B_XzR8RmTdrzTGCoZj8OhIUeMQw-qtLeO1Aqw8fQP6Y55yF5BTYIVJgN6MR9vn1rpGQOeWW3QCrJxJetIyQ_Tc3KewttQ/s1600/9b.%20F.%20Thorley.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="161" /></span></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>Augustus Goodwin:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Rich, But Wife Yearned for Royalty.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b> Goodwin was a wealthy Boston merchant, CEO of a chain of specialty grocery stores that featured at least thirteen brands of his proprietary whiskeys.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Despite his success, Augustus found his New York socialite wife enamored of European royalty to the point of dumping him for a hereditary count.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Shown here is Frances Thorley Goodwin, subsequently known widely to New York society as “Countess von der Palen-Kar,” a designation as questionable as the origins of her second husband’s title.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7qwUSIGxwjQ_mLRa7jdhnUSg0ZNLDfiTnyd-R6y1PtRMgDBvawcaJlLge1RcuRetsAee2Sz7b6MzL4SJSir2XvKIvVwy6pS4PANnJYnPeR5uOxAEP_2pPqth_t4ky5WG6t58oNCb5pyACZaprgelsYm7Eq0AiSe0u5Ji6bhtMUHcYiFDHeZn1unI4urwN/s376/9c.%20130%20C.%20Sold%202015%20$11.6%20mil-%20R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="376" data-original-width="323" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7qwUSIGxwjQ_mLRa7jdhnUSg0ZNLDfiTnyd-R6y1PtRMgDBvawcaJlLge1RcuRetsAee2Sz7b6MzL4SJSir2XvKIvVwy6pS4PANnJYnPeR5uOxAEP_2pPqth_t4ky5WG6t58oNCb5pyACZaprgelsYm7Eq0AiSe0u5Ji6bhtMUHcYiFDHeZn1unI4urwN/w172-h200/9c.%20130%20C.%20Sold%202015%20$11.6%20mil-%20R.jpg" width="172" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial;">Goodwin attempted to keep Frances content by agreeing to a</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> major remodeling of their mansion home at 130 Commonwealth Avenue, in one of Boston’s most elegant neighborhoods. (In 2015 the house sold for $11.6 million.)</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Despite her husband’s exertions Frances was not satisfied.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">She had developed a yen for royalty in the person of Count Adolphe J. von der Palen-Klar, living in Brooklyn, likely under modest circumstances.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Adolphe’s family is said to have achieved nobility in 1799 when Emperor Paul the First of Russia, for reasons unknown, gave Peter Ludwig von der Pahlen and all of his descendants the rank of count.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> The family coat of arms was something of a jumble.</span></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWku3h9lDF5hsf6S0xr7YKeLjUuR-KGmYGnIpLDrS8CDHN-UL2_a_AncTHrnLlDH_OBBM6tOnMc0yFCAmoLIwL9AInAV7mdFf4kz5KfySJIg5_0HsyWgyaJKECum2kDKmdUnZLIgPs97P2Lfdq73Q1kWTMQHPF3yvXebqjXFbZEn6APMGOufGUZV7K_mw1/s661/9d.%20Palem%20Klar%20arms-C%20jpg.jpg" style="font-family: Times; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="634" data-original-width="661" height="307" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgWku3h9lDF5hsf6S0xr7YKeLjUuR-KGmYGnIpLDrS8CDHN-UL2_a_AncTHrnLlDH_OBBM6tOnMc0yFCAmoLIwL9AInAV7mdFf4kz5KfySJIg5_0HsyWgyaJKECum2kDKmdUnZLIgPs97P2Lfdq73Q1kWTMQHPF3yvXebqjXFbZEn6APMGOufGUZV7K_mw1/s320/9d.%20Palem%20Klar%20arms-C%20jpg.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;"></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">How Adolphe got to Brooklyn and what he did there mattered little to Frances who had enough family money for them both.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">She divorced Augustus and</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">married the Count in November 1927 at the American Church in Paris. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">After a honeymoon they returned to live in New York.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Frances quickly appropriated the title of “countess,” however murky its origins. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Adolphe moved out of Brooklyn for lodgings with his new wife at one of upper Manhattan’s swankiest addresses, 920 Fifth Avenue, also home to movie star Gloria Swanson. The New York press paid close attention to the social whirl of Count and Countess von der Palen-Klar.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Clothed in royalty, Frances Thorley had arrived at the pinnacle of Gotham’s social set.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Meanwhile back in Boston, Augustus Goodwin, remarried, was busy running his businesses and indulging his hobby as an owner/breeder of thoroughbred racehorses.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Goodwin’s love for horses was his undoing.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In July 1934, he dressed in his riding outfit and drove to the nearby stables where he kept his steeds, mounted one and rode off.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Somewhere along his journey the horse threw him to the ground.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Goodwin may have died almost instantly.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The cause was recorded as “fracture at base of skull.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Countess Frances died in 1944 in New York. The Count followed four years later.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>Note:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b> More complete stories of each of these “whiskey men” may be found elsewhere on this website:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>George Buente,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>January 21, 2018;<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>J. G. Philpott, December 21, 2022;<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Fred Hipsh, April 3, 2019, and Augustus Goodwin, August 9, 2021.</span></span></p>
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</style>Jack Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01499431800088809848noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6657913448535983609.post-67499294669006829122023-12-31T14:39:00.000-08:002023-12-31T14:39:39.824-08:00 Tom Dennison—The Old Gray Wolf Who Ate Omaha<p><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_YmcVsDO8d5RQbVnt3i4F7IP82fvOx-whMCBcN5wmSL4-8cO-AhLwAwYcQOCVP8jISdgv1Fa3N4VjOjJ-fBt82xhcGfPoO-UuuDf11D1WTv0vWlr8hEHqzeD1alRUyR5BhV4Z4H734oCJ3TxciTkWmz5QQhlxx8hWCB2tAhA17d6N2t1TV5KqxU8hyjRr/s250/1.%20Tom%20Dennison-crpd.jpg-%20R.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="230" data-original-width="250" height="184" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_YmcVsDO8d5RQbVnt3i4F7IP82fvOx-whMCBcN5wmSL4-8cO-AhLwAwYcQOCVP8jISdgv1Fa3N4VjOjJ-fBt82xhcGfPoO-UuuDf11D1WTv0vWlr8hEHqzeD1alRUyR5BhV4Z4H734oCJ3TxciTkWmz5QQhlxx8hWCB2tAhA17d6N2t1TV5KqxU8hyjRr/w200-h184/1.%20Tom%20Dennison-crpd.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="200" /></a> <span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;">Regular readers of this website know that I often feature “whiskey men” who have </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;">contributed to their communities by public service or philanthropy.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;">There were dozens of them.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;">Occasionally, however, the story is about an individual whose activities were so despicable that he deserves attention.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;">So it is with Tom Dennison, the early 20th Century saloon owner, political boss</span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;"> and crime kingpin of Omaha, Nebraska. </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;">Shown here, he was known by locals as “The Old Gray Wolf.”</span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaIydQHM7tpwfs235xzTUecRQCMBU35vv5-7roFX9P_snqGYGpyaQjQ2EXGc_KL6qpRcYAhL3Q6JZUBX9X2_SSQBKGwiqipzenZnZl9EK_-mpWKuqTHohCI8yKobRIkwUZepirTw3NoRceH5ykvfK05FpqMNK893XS6uB0GYPQHXzxhhyLmSdtFlCj8QWf/s448/2.%20Board%20of%20Trade%20saloon.jpg-L.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="364" data-original-width="448" height="163" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaIydQHM7tpwfs235xzTUecRQCMBU35vv5-7roFX9P_snqGYGpyaQjQ2EXGc_KL6qpRcYAhL3Q6JZUBX9X2_SSQBKGwiqipzenZnZl9EK_-mpWKuqTHohCI8yKobRIkwUZepirTw3NoRceH5ykvfK05FpqMNK893XS6uB0GYPQHXzxhhyLmSdtFlCj8QWf/w200-h163/2.%20Board%20of%20Trade%20saloon.jpg-L.jpg" width="200" /></a><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Born in Dehli, Iowa, in October 1858 of Irish immigrant parents,</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Dennison moved with his family to Nebraska at the age of two.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">At 15 he left home and headed to the “Wild” West. Over the next two decades Dennison traveled widely as prospector, gambler, and (some said) bandit.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">As he matured he bought and operated gambling and drinking establishments, including the Board of Trade Saloon in Butte, Montana, and the Opera House Saloon in Leadville, Colorado.</span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Dennison was 34 years old in 1892 when he arrived in Omaha.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>By that time highly experienced in “business,” he went there with $75,000 in cash, roughly equivalent to $2.5 million today. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He quickly understood that Omaha, a city of about 140,000, was “wide open” with minimal legal control over liquor, gambling, prostitution, and other nefarious enterprises.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>More important, Omaha had no political boss.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>His pockets budging with cash, Dennison about 1900 deftly moved into that role.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">For the next quarter century, Dennison was the “king” of Omaha politics. He never held public office, instead buying influence through lavish campaign contributions and his ability to get out the vote. Acting as a power broker between the business community and the criminal element, it is said that: <i>“His power was such that no crime occurred in the city without his blessing, the police reported to him daily, and the mayor himself answered directly to him.”</i></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><i><br /></i></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1qLFoNXsrb0QmtnmBxRDGkdovQtmDmPJPJxE8RyoS0Xhg-5hMBLipzDh6Wm9Kd_mqq-_8ZGh9XXQ1s1aPP5PPPqSp0f_mkEYtF_10lzgdkxJigvVlEQx65F7JtohfF8-86WlIkTHPqNIePOzMJ8gErAg_s31jlZzGmniMOsP9JnOLaNGAPuE6IwWMiEd2/s1185/3.%20Omaha%20Saloon.jpg-%20C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="659" data-original-width="1185" height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1qLFoNXsrb0QmtnmBxRDGkdovQtmDmPJPJxE8RyoS0Xhg-5hMBLipzDh6Wm9Kd_mqq-_8ZGh9XXQ1s1aPP5PPPqSp0f_mkEYtF_10lzgdkxJigvVlEQx65F7JtohfF8-86WlIkTHPqNIePOzMJ8gErAg_s31jlZzGmniMOsP9JnOLaNGAPuE6IwWMiEd2/w400-h223/3.%20Omaha%20Saloon.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><i></i></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Dennison’s much quoted mantra was: <i>“There are so many laws that people are either law breakers or hypocrites. For my part, I hate a damn hypocrite.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i>This attitude, however, apparently did not prevent him from teaming up with local prohibitionists to close down half the saloons in Omaha,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>sparing the half in which he had a monetary interest.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Dennison also operated a private bank, loaning money to privileged residents and providing a very private repository for individuals who for various reason avoided traditional banks.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">While Dennison was building his criminal empire, he was also having a family life.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In Omaha he met Ida I. Provost. She had been born in Council Bluffs, Iowa, the daughter of Charles Provost, a prominent Iowa<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>newspaper editor and publisher.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>When they married in 1893, Dennison was 37, Ida was 26.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Their first child, Frances, lived to maturity.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Twin sons conceived 15 years later were dead at birth. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Amid the family sorrow the couple named them John and Thomas.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><b></b></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><b><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The 1919 Omaha Race Riot and Lynching<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></b></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6dkF_0AYZ5HOB02SdYUjq79a3vI2KfEj91lsklKoY49qkwOnTS1qAsJtkqd_TvM3mbLaJZ8PujYc5PDke-b2q80UA5SqRQ_tQ8SN_6iMxxIpEocNpqfOYqAkRtul7_EA9nWuTGPzon1NdXW73E7aT5CUSoe6TuH7EYV48A1aIXghX0YzfXYdtKB01wooJ/s688/4.%20Jim%20Dahlman.jpg-%20L.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="539" data-original-width="688" height="157" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg6dkF_0AYZ5HOB02SdYUjq79a3vI2KfEj91lsklKoY49qkwOnTS1qAsJtkqd_TvM3mbLaJZ8PujYc5PDke-b2q80UA5SqRQ_tQ8SN_6iMxxIpEocNpqfOYqAkRtul7_EA9nWuTGPzon1NdXW73E7aT5CUSoe6TuH7EYV48A1aIXghX0YzfXYdtKB01wooJ/w200-h157/4.%20Jim%20Dahlman.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="200" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The Old Gray Wolf recognized that his operation required controlling City Hall in </span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Omaha. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">He installed as mayor a crony named Jim Dahlman, shown here, who had come to Nebraska to escape murder charges for shooting and killing his brother-in-law in Texas. Dahlman, through Dennison’s machinations served eight of nine terms between 1906 and 1930.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The one exception was in 1918 when a reform candidate named Edward Parsons Smith won office promising to “clean up Omaha” and as mayor proceeded to do it. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">This led Dennison to his most despicable deed — fomenting the Omaha Race Riot of 1919.</span></p>
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<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2XXZQwx2pm0CXiZ0XDWM1XdXnr3qg0xHUtoFtQUk2CFfTWqvzyK_jP8dI1NmC_vivyhSFqTeM79ujNIHIGrJiCaChLW8AWN5Fy1_3CHZBcfbgyAegluDsCfivkB8Oh3k0Asaw-FuaDOq9dfTG3bseRjvOBpbZ6N_hbBBKX0y2ktsZR4ZbPQCX1-l2pP_P/s240/5.%20Edward%20P.%20Smith.jpg-%20R.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="240" data-original-width="240" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2XXZQwx2pm0CXiZ0XDWM1XdXnr3qg0xHUtoFtQUk2CFfTWqvzyK_jP8dI1NmC_vivyhSFqTeM79ujNIHIGrJiCaChLW8AWN5Fy1_3CHZBcfbgyAegluDsCfivkB8Oh3k0Asaw-FuaDOq9dfTG3bseRjvOBpbZ6N_hbBBKX0y2ktsZR4ZbPQCX1-l2pP_P/w200-h200/5.%20Edward%20P.%20Smith.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="200" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Smith</td></tr></tbody></table><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">In an effort to force Smith out of office, Dennison contrived to create a situation that</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> questioned the mayor’s ability to keep order.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">With the help of the </span><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Omaha Bee </i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">newspaper he created false stories of assaults on white women by black men, sometimes using white police officers in blackface.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Each time the </span><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Bee</i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> blamed Smith’s administration.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Those stories plus the difficult economic situation facing returning World War One veterans created a racial tinderbox in Omaha.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Then the Old Gray Wolf lit the fuse.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In late September, 1919,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>a young white woman was with her crippled companion when a man with a black face beat the man mercilessly and raped the girl.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Police officers in Dennison’s pocket arrested an African-American named Will Brown, who was hapless enough to be near the scene.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He was thrown into the Douglas County Jail located in the County Courthouse.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBSBgwGehaT8sFecZsrF4hSFLS0De7Qe7ENhtXnXmQIsF6XMnOMp_osokid9PzOAsp-rzvNUqnU0cWPZX0RiR1fYFvhhlmLWsg822BBbJ0ulP_WPASBvgMxn5l53T58a3psEZplLPwT2V9pXxZpWeK8KxZpdjjji_RP7SdAKEmt_V_MK1y6JXu4roQbWZ-/s577/6.%20Storming%20courthouse-%20L.tiff" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="571" data-original-width="577" height="396" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBSBgwGehaT8sFecZsrF4hSFLS0De7Qe7ENhtXnXmQIsF6XMnOMp_osokid9PzOAsp-rzvNUqnU0cWPZX0RiR1fYFvhhlmLWsg822BBbJ0ulP_WPASBvgMxn5l53T58a3psEZplLPwT2V9pXxZpWeK8KxZpdjjji_RP7SdAKEmt_V_MK1y6JXu4roQbWZ-/w400-h396/6.%20Storming%20courthouse-%20L.tiff" width="400" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Over the next several months, through the <i>Bee </i>and other resources, Dennison whipped up public fury against Brown.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>On December 28, 1919, a mob led by Dennison’s cronies headed for the courthouse, looking for Brown, as shown above.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The rioters gained access to the building, found Brown, carried him out, hanged him from a lamppost, riddled him with bullets, then took him down and burned his body.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpWV6cmiG791srKwO4hlbJUZVnnzIIGJNDSFCW-b6ayntkLCaLG1o5vNM4uxYgzka-iXgVuARb0t9CKyRuu5XjODish3er3RoNyt8LVtWAGY1xTN6uJNtlj1fUjLZpyBPLyAQzTsdTxK1-zfPGUXMCsq8MF9d5NVD5CB8gUyVd4m8VqJHLhSTk2bxMh1NO/s480/7.%20Will%20Brown.jpg-%20C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="360" data-original-width="480" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpWV6cmiG791srKwO4hlbJUZVnnzIIGJNDSFCW-b6ayntkLCaLG1o5vNM4uxYgzka-iXgVuARb0t9CKyRuu5XjODish3er3RoNyt8LVtWAGY1xTN6uJNtlj1fUjLZpyBPLyAQzTsdTxK1-zfPGUXMCsq8MF9d5NVD5CB8gUyVd4m8VqJHLhSTk2bxMh1NO/w400-h300/7.%20Will%20Brown.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Mayor Smith, endangering his own life, attempted to help Brown.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He was grabbed by the rioters who attempted to hang him as well.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Smith narrowly missed Brown’s fate when<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Omaha police detectives intervened in the nick of time to save him from the noose.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Cut down, Smith required hospital treatment and lost his taste for politics, declining to run again. Jim Dahlman, known as “The Perpetual Mayor,” was returned to office, much to Dennison’s delight.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span class="Apple-converted-space"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"> </span></span></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXADmLvLjPHPTjDZmVyRKRhp7XIXYoXdO5EyY7jiKM_vj1adFXBvYpm2s-EYoGi6JBwOhOB46c6VWV6dmcPVogSbGCZs_6wToTDBVsPQQ3zQdF340gNB-NUtmVdVmtnbEQXdOl9sTZYanPu6A38erxKsHv9mencUWWPG05xJVZAeXao21cqDRZ5MijLqUB/s1280/8.%20soldiers.jpg-%20C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="819" data-original-width="1280" height="205" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXADmLvLjPHPTjDZmVyRKRhp7XIXYoXdO5EyY7jiKM_vj1adFXBvYpm2s-EYoGi6JBwOhOB46c6VWV6dmcPVogSbGCZs_6wToTDBVsPQQ3zQdF340gNB-NUtmVdVmtnbEQXdOl9sTZYanPu6A38erxKsHv9mencUWWPG05xJVZAeXao21cqDRZ5MijLqUB/s320/8.%20soldiers.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Along with Brown two rioters died in the melee and dozens of Omaha police officers</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> and other citizens were injured.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The courthouse was torched.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Some 1,700 federal troops from nearby Fort Omaha and Fort Crook were dispatched to Omaha by the Governor, equipped with cannons and machine guns.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">By the next day order had been restored.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">In the aftermath not a single rioter was arrested.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Shamelessly, Dennison, while not admitting to his role publicly,</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">was said to gloat about it when closeted with cronies.</span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><b><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The Old Gray Wolf and National Prohibition</span></b></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-c3wW_IDdPeLxq9bbkH3-GNJdgrWzxMHw30Mwbhfyer_D6HQ0JHb6ikwp5-ga5hq5q2XxcHtDC68Te-pubWaFull68x1P4dU_tM4Td0Cc3jGxamnU5gIqttNLEr7Hgv9pCEdRv_Tqh0UeT1vI0UCA6pJ7Y31biRH0fT2MJqUUPn1S1vZBPbHscPxYCj49/s318/9a.%20Tom_Dennison_(Circa_1930)-%20crpd.jpg-%20R.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="318" data-original-width="287" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-c3wW_IDdPeLxq9bbkH3-GNJdgrWzxMHw30Mwbhfyer_D6HQ0JHb6ikwp5-ga5hq5q2XxcHtDC68Te-pubWaFull68x1P4dU_tM4Td0Cc3jGxamnU5gIqttNLEr7Hgv9pCEdRv_Tqh0UeT1vI0UCA6pJ7Y31biRH0fT2MJqUUPn1S1vZBPbHscPxYCj49/w181-h200/9a.%20Tom_Dennison_(Circa_1930)-%20crpd.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="181" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Fast on the heels of the Omaha riot came a new challenge for the Old Gray Wolf</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> when January 1, 1920,</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">brought National Prohibition. Nebraska ostensibly had gone “dry” earlier. As usual Dennison had an answer.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Early on Dennison created the Omaha Liquor Syndicate to monopolize the bootleg booze traffic in Omaha, creating alliances with Al Capone in Chicago and Tom Pendergast in Kansas City. </span><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">[See post on Pendergast, Dec. 2, 2013.]</i></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></i></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></i></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></i></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7m6n_2dMyQdpeFyM7OyDQ69nl9SHshaJ0CXnC0oxvbEbtmda9FVegwZCzQRWmDsLSymdOCVCPKYptetFoi00zGoFS_b68kmWHL10yE9E5sj1mqQO7ujo2jCymHN9kESbqL2qcJJrQG4tGb-a8h6-NKw5Pg4aIeY08K-qjQJiMM1knyjDzjmgPA2NnVVN6/s634/9b.%20Dennison%20house.jpg-%20C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="442" data-original-width="634" height="279" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7m6n_2dMyQdpeFyM7OyDQ69nl9SHshaJ0CXnC0oxvbEbtmda9FVegwZCzQRWmDsLSymdOCVCPKYptetFoi00zGoFS_b68kmWHL10yE9E5sj1mqQO7ujo2jCymHN9kESbqL2qcJJrQG4tGb-a8h6-NKw5Pg4aIeY08K-qjQJiMM1knyjDzjmgPA2NnVVN6/w400-h279/9b.%20Dennison%20house.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><i></i></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjS8CaphoKWp8j6MUX-uBa1DowPJg00PIQ6rsMpaOkkl6m-nnLb7T3FZIRzIu60k4fyyAPf8AW9jMx9KL46d4II1ks1AK1_vQrkZY-smnlVjnmo6Dq9XyVSbRKVX3vixRIuMQQsrZKfrJCdKUOK5nU1n6XhnGA839eiO4itX0o4K815ylXYtQeTFATAiuxe/s1200/9c.%20Bootleg%20tunnel%20%231-%20L.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="1200" height="133" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjS8CaphoKWp8j6MUX-uBa1DowPJg00PIQ6rsMpaOkkl6m-nnLb7T3FZIRzIu60k4fyyAPf8AW9jMx9KL46d4II1ks1AK1_vQrkZY-smnlVjnmo6Dq9XyVSbRKVX3vixRIuMQQsrZKfrJCdKUOK5nU1n6XhnGA839eiO4itX0o4K815ylXYtQeTFATAiuxe/w200-h133/9c.%20Bootleg%20tunnel%20%231-%20L.jpg" width="200" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">In 1919 Dennison bought a mansion home in an upscale neighborhood of Omaha, </span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">shown above.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">When Prohibition arrived he arranged for a series of underground tunnels to be built connecting his residence and his downtown offices.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The tunnels are believed to have led to a location where the tracks of the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha Railway intersected and freight could be unloaded and carried into town.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">As one commentator has noted:</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">“The unobstructed path to the railroad would have been an ideal way to transport liquor by moonlight.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">As shown here, vestiges of the tunnels still exist in the neighborhood of the former Dennison home.</span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">In 1922 Dennison suddenly sold the house and moved away.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The change may have been linked to the death that year of Ida, his wife of almost 30 years.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Known for her charitable work in Omaha, Ida was a foil for Dennison’s reputation.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>At age 54,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>after suffering a stroke that left her paralyzed and on the brink of death, she was allowed go home from the hospital and died there with Tom and a daughter at her bedside.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Her visitation at home and funeral at Holy Angels Catholic Church were thronged with mourners.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Burial was at Forest Lawn’s Memorial Park.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Shortly after, Dennison sold their mansion home. Perhaps the house held too many memories.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgozNUEJU7TO6kKV8VuX74Txyqhc3adPgkvRacrB4xL-HCwFCYqxvB7f-k5TLnLuBqZ-OVKH74zru8XwqJDN8kT4CIqx5E04QouCwpAwiBcoYeZHf9FaC79c-83CF0dy4xqvGUoBN7xaAsjRPhcON3cNzIr6WD8KWq_EFOAHpw3XUGg5pgBbmK901xzfge0/s458/9d.%20Flatiron%20hotel.jpg-%20R.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="458" data-original-width="138" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgozNUEJU7TO6kKV8VuX74Txyqhc3adPgkvRacrB4xL-HCwFCYqxvB7f-k5TLnLuBqZ-OVKH74zru8XwqJDN8kT4CIqx5E04QouCwpAwiBcoYeZHf9FaC79c-83CF0dy4xqvGUoBN7xaAsjRPhcON3cNzIr6WD8KWq_EFOAHpw3XUGg5pgBbmK901xzfge0/s320/9d.%20Flatiron%20hotel.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="96" /></a><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1">Ida’s death, however, did not distract Dennison from his criminal enterprises. He</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"> was</span></span><span class="s1" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> still strongly in control of the city's politics and the Omaha liquor trade.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A survey in 1929 found more than 1,500 outlets in the city illegally selling alcohol, many controlled by<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Dennison. The Old Gray Fox also ran Omaha's </span><span class="s2" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Flatiron Hotel</span><span class="s1" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> as a lodging for mobsters running from the law in Kansas City, Chicago and St. Louis.</span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><b><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The End Game in Omaha</span></b></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">In the early 1930s Dennison hold on Omaha weakened.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The unsolved murder of one of his most outspoken opponents shocked the community.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Public opinion began to turn against him.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>His hand-picked candidates began losing at the polls.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Dennison’s marriage at 72 years to 17-year-old Neva Jo Truman not only raised eyebrows in Omaha but made him the subject of ribald jokes.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The oddly matched couple is shown below. The marriage lasted just three years before Neva Jo filed for divorce. </span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"><br /></span></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhf-vkkObqLL-F7cFfITcwq21kCSKjxpoEaiFnFpkJrQ4cGA_6bBBizuQ73eIUaStul2Ca92zdBzN7q5g3zVfTOB-_jOy6iJ27QaNgX0gfATpeJQScfIt-OBLDB6uSfmNxf82f5_ZAivNY4EjK_D0TLtD5Os9vxTwBcfdzAD7rme9aJA_BQcU5AQRFWULs-/s934/9e.%20Tom%20w:Neva%20Jo.jpg-%20C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="670" data-original-width="934" height="288" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhf-vkkObqLL-F7cFfITcwq21kCSKjxpoEaiFnFpkJrQ4cGA_6bBBizuQ73eIUaStul2Ca92zdBzN7q5g3zVfTOB-_jOy6iJ27QaNgX0gfATpeJQScfIt-OBLDB6uSfmNxf82f5_ZAivNY4EjK_D0TLtD5Os9vxTwBcfdzAD7rme9aJA_BQcU5AQRFWULs-/w400-h288/9e.%20Tom%20w:Neva%20Jo.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">As he entered his 70’s, Dennison’s heath began to falter.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">In June 1932 he suffered a stroke but recovered quickly.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The following December, however, when a bout of pneumonia nearly killed him, he formally announced retirement.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The Old Gray Wolf was, however, finding that it was not as easy to control federal lawmen as it was Omaha’s.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">In August 1932 Dennison and 58 of his cronies were put on trial by federal authorities for violating Prohibition laws.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">That trial ended in a hung jury and was declared a mistrial.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Hauled into court again a few month later on conspiracy charges, Dennison and his lackeys were acquitted.</span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Probably relieved to have escaped justice a second time, Dennison took off for a holiday with friends in Chula Vista, California, in February 1934.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>There he was fatally injured in an automobile accident.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Ironically, National Prohibition would end the same year.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>His body was returned by train to Omaha for burial.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Suggestive of the hold Dennison still held on Omaha, an estimated 1,000 people attended his funeral at St. Peters Catholic Church.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He was buried in Forest Lawn Cemetery next to Ida and the stillborn twins.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>While some may have grieved his passing, many others in Omaha celebrated knowing that the Old Gray Wolf was dead at last.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4oETGUiyvcEzCqA5ewHgYENlKsRXG6VCynsGrlIr3DMvi98UiSUR3QouftBhDdhteUaBAyC_5-6TdlPCo0PzAgzgdWUVv2IrVtwq8xvqfa23FeVw_vbuiCq7HgcIJOBi7FIz9Z2O4xGn4rp_FNehMMuH0GnYrhWcjLCibxXXq3KhyphenhyphenC6pgQCvYOLRIj3vg/s676/9f.%20Dennison%20grave.jpg-%20C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="461" data-original-width="676" height="218" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg4oETGUiyvcEzCqA5ewHgYENlKsRXG6VCynsGrlIr3DMvi98UiSUR3QouftBhDdhteUaBAyC_5-6TdlPCo0PzAgzgdWUVv2IrVtwq8xvqfa23FeVw_vbuiCq7HgcIJOBi7FIz9Z2O4xGn4rp_FNehMMuH0GnYrhWcjLCibxXXq3KhyphenhyphenC6pgQCvYOLRIj3vg/s320/9f.%20Dennison%20grave.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><b style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Note:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">This post was drawn from two principal sources:</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The Wikipedia entry on Dennison and his obituary in the </span><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Omaha Bee</i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> of February 18, 1934.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">By the way, it is just a remarkable coincidence that this article, published on the eve of New Years Day, 2024, would be</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">#1111 in the series of posts.</span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span><p></p>
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</style>Jack Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01499431800088809848noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6657913448535983609.post-89579542928081257132023-12-27T04:53:00.000-08:002023-12-27T05:01:35.239-08:00 The Terrells and Three Centuries of Paducah Whiskey<p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh356ApnerkkpDexov5GJRL6omdTJCmiqxznsq81B31a6YWL8apOM99mwiiLMNSMIVeVp2d0un6BlBrsDkZrwolN8vsf68LsHjI1cm29Sno1G4OBzeDQE2ujzQol-o7XIZw0hZRPAaQFatQY_PXyhNxTG-CAhq5N9WpqOEQWvTn9v4kGRp1ues4gpCgNm23/s540/1.%20Caleb%20Terrell.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="540" data-original-width="403" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh356ApnerkkpDexov5GJRL6omdTJCmiqxznsq81B31a6YWL8apOM99mwiiLMNSMIVeVp2d0un6BlBrsDkZrwolN8vsf68LsHjI1cm29Sno1G4OBzeDQE2ujzQol-o7XIZw0hZRPAaQFatQY_PXyhNxTG-CAhq5N9WpqOEQWvTn9v4kGRp1ues4gpCgNm23/w149-h200/1.%20Caleb%20Terrell.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="149" /></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">War of 1812 era soldier, slaveholder, and pioneer Kentucky distiller, </span><b style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Caleb Terrell,</b><b style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> shown here as he appeared on a whiskey label, in 1835 began a family dynasty making whiskey in Paducah that stretches down to the present day — an astounding 188 years.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Born in Virginia in 1791, the son of Jonathan and Mary Terrell, Caleb first appears in public records in 1808, as an 18th-year-old private in Battalion One of the 19th Virginia Regiment, stationed in Richmond. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Accounted as a War of 1812 Era veteran, Caleb actually saw no fighting and his unit was disbanded in 1809</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">by official orders of the U.S. President and Virginia governor that <i>“it was “no longer required to be held in readiness for actual service.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i> Caleb was discharged and apparently did no further soldering.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">He next appeared in the 1830 United States Slave Census recorded living on a farm in Montgomery, Tennessee.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Still single at 39, Caleb owned seven slaves, three males and four females.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>By 1840, Caleb had moved to a new site in Ballard County, Kentucky, near Paducah. Still single, he was recorded now owning twelve slaves, five males and seven females.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>It was there in 1835 that Caleb began his distillery as an adjunct to farming, accounted among the earliest distilleries in Western Kentucky.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>It was a common practice to use slaves in making whiskey below the Mason-Dixon Line and they played an important role in early American distilling, as illustrated below.</span></span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTBlmvCWIAqvqNw0xuRhDfz3a7KyYMlFf0wKQmfEfY261i5X_dqBpFaWBvMeatfPTCZbeGnhWY7Lp01GBCiWls0mXxCQeOsfrx5pU5FI8wNMUuTZD9PhskIonr93Fcf2rpazxnjvVaI51L8x-leG0n463L3g43qwU2RQgTRvBlayTRyuPoOdB2-KRfOEpC/s960/2.%20Slaves%20working%20in%20distillery.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Times; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="593" data-original-width="960" height="198" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTBlmvCWIAqvqNw0xuRhDfz3a7KyYMlFf0wKQmfEfY261i5X_dqBpFaWBvMeatfPTCZbeGnhWY7Lp01GBCiWls0mXxCQeOsfrx5pU5FI8wNMUuTZD9PhskIonr93Fcf2rpazxnjvVaI51L8x-leG0n463L3g43qwU2RQgTRvBlayTRyuPoOdB2-KRfOEpC/s320/2.%20Slaves%20working%20in%20distillery.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1" style="font-size: medium;"></span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The 1850 Slave Census indicated the growth of Caleb’s distilling enterprise over the decade.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Now he had a total of 15 slaves,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>of whom six were children, ages three to thirteen. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He died in May 1861, accounted 69-70 years old and was buried in Ballard County’s Jenkins Cemetery, a burying ground located on a farm 2 and 1/2 miles east of LaCenter, Kentucky, the county seat.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>With Caleb’s death his distillery was shut down.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Meanwhile, back in Paducah, Caleb’s nephew Thomas was prospering as a pork packer, general trader and commission merchant for tobacco.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He and wife, Mary Francis, would have a family of eight sons.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Among them was <b>Albert Sidney “Sid” Terrell,</b> born in 1862, a grandnephew of Caleb’s.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>As he grew to maturity, learning about the earlier Terrell distillery, Sid vowed to resurrect what Caleb had begun.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Of Sid’s early life, details are lacking.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Kentucky whiskey guru Michael Veatch has this to say about him:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i>“Sid was something of a legend in western Kentucky, during a time when notoriety was often earned through mischief, storytelling, and a bit of hellraising. The Wild West was taking shape, and Sid Terrell certainly embodied that spirit in the western-most part of Kentucky. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i></span></span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSHBwK6StGdZ0J6-qGWzoRnTTAlnMSPDN2igug8Nvxj3763kCe5sb9Mgl1B2aAhH8QHSca5zasGRBkaNh905881SfStt79o5MN52ptjEwcsv5lGT286cWu1shxbqSw_XcensHZNE6cmI4RaDcxG-f8CHXVcUQ4spURze_8YxFQ6b1h3F0CXwDhdOOA4Hia/s255/3.%20news%20notice.jpg-%20L.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="242" data-original-width="255" height="190" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSHBwK6StGdZ0J6-qGWzoRnTTAlnMSPDN2igug8Nvxj3763kCe5sb9Mgl1B2aAhH8QHSca5zasGRBkaNh905881SfStt79o5MN52ptjEwcsv5lGT286cWu1shxbqSw_XcensHZNE6cmI4RaDcxG-f8CHXVcUQ4spURze_8YxFQ6b1h3F0CXwDhdOOA4Hia/w200-h190/3.%20news%20notice.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="200" /></span></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">My supposition is that Sid had spent sometime learning the whiskey making trade working at one of the many distillers dotting the Kentucky landscape.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>When in 1903 he resurrected what Caleb had begun, Sid was about 41 years old, married, and had at least one child.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Almost immediately he faced one major problem. Unlike Louisville, Lexington, Bardstown and other Kentucky distilling centers at that time,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Paducah lacked railroad access for shipping.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Everything had to be brought in and out by water over the Ohio and Tennessee Rivers that have their confluence at Paducah. Sid was undaunted and eventually the Illinois Central line was extended there.</span></span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheghOT4-q1n_p75LyxOeNLxEd9JPxIXnU419luRa-HNJegZyf8guxoU_YbH7DNRCpL1QEPcII7xQIl6ER0jqzgPizaIJZTu5vO3_tAhDtKwFziEmA_i5Mq2c6wP6ZkOdYvD24xzy5okayKS5V7wT-qJAgNTzblWuqraWFHhfmUI7snQBFNuuYnF30mEYci/s609/4.%20%22Old%20Terrell%20Bourbon%22.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Times; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="230" data-original-width="609" height="151" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheghOT4-q1n_p75LyxOeNLxEd9JPxIXnU419luRa-HNJegZyf8guxoU_YbH7DNRCpL1QEPcII7xQIl6ER0jqzgPizaIJZTu5vO3_tAhDtKwFziEmA_i5Mq2c6wP6ZkOdYvD24xzy5okayKS5V7wT-qJAgNTzblWuqraWFHhfmUI7snQBFNuuYnF30mEYci/w400-h151/4.%20%22Old%20Terrell%20Bourbon%22.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="400" /></span></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1" style="font-size: medium;"></span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial;">As shown above in an early ad, Sid named his flagship sour mash whiskey after his </span></span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">ancestor, calling it “Old Terrell,” and providing a portrait of a stern-looking Caleb and a motto: </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><i style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> “Quality not Quantity.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> As noted in the Sanborn fire map below, Sid built his distillery about two miles northwest of Paducah’s city hall.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Called the Old Terrell Distillery, in Federal parlance it was RD #34, 2nd District. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">The facility was run only five months of year, yielding four gallons of whiskey per bushel of corn. It featured a bonded warehouse seven tiers high capable of storing 12,000 barrels of aging product.</span></span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNA4ZpK9kUnVUmyTAHGm7FFtlLy7OJ3vYdr1gZYM5QO8ldhLLUQJYNw560g5DLzQathtwNwD8hZHx7FmDK5fGXe6D3XbXuwUmjbG4EN8I_nZKVe27AmJJQx74BNAQXmOf3gDDsWNATtLhgnfyC6-4-yiBa30b_4gz_p_PQuMNrMoypu6UlaK3mGPyU6b-R/s782/6.%20Terrell%20on%20map.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Times; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="467" data-original-width="782" height="239" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNA4ZpK9kUnVUmyTAHGm7FFtlLy7OJ3vYdr1gZYM5QO8ldhLLUQJYNw560g5DLzQathtwNwD8hZHx7FmDK5fGXe6D3XbXuwUmjbG4EN8I_nZKVe27AmJJQx74BNAQXmOf3gDDsWNATtLhgnfyC6-4-yiBa30b_4gz_p_PQuMNrMoypu6UlaK3mGPyU6b-R/w400-h239/6.%20Terrell%20on%20map.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="400" /></span></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">In an early ad, Sid Terrell came out slugging:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i>“The only sure way to get pure Whiskey is from an actual distiller. The United States government allows no adulteration on the distillery premises. When Whiskey passes to the dealer, then the doctoring commences.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The cheaper they sell, the more water and adulteration you get. When you buy from me you get it from first hands and save dealers' profits and adulterations.” <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i>He further advised:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i>“Now appreciate it by sending in an order.”</i></span></span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><i><br /></i></span></span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcloH3wbyfc6FcdehqWBRfpEiGBPP26LV-QeBfgOiBOoXGGgr4IVsNoKq-WFLLkfC-t5nCbD9CyNbhB70wNBKU1MSdRvHWlgHsYi0yt2HR6lpGz936KDomOraCAdJPiOkLZyO9jEEjcDzap3bNFkA9d59undExTKbSaYIGdYMWm1augKId7zfwBi9msJHj/s349/8.%20Terrell%20bot.jpg-%20L.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="349" data-original-width="136" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcloH3wbyfc6FcdehqWBRfpEiGBPP26LV-QeBfgOiBOoXGGgr4IVsNoKq-WFLLkfC-t5nCbD9CyNbhB70wNBKU1MSdRvHWlgHsYi0yt2HR6lpGz936KDomOraCAdJPiOkLZyO9jEEjcDzap3bNFkA9d59undExTKbSaYIGdYMWm1augKId7zfwBi9msJHj/w78-h200/8.%20Terrell%20bot.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="78" /></span></a><span class="s1" style="font-size: medium;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdRO16ZbMriK-3e_eDekx9Z_UfZrd4RSIAkGSJLskWPwXI0VuzTaOIT-rGyJ8RFW6K8spvSGsdC3Uof4WQ4Qm8Mi_Pz15TPS4jhwwEPfHhZtuqegleNWBzCkvf2XwGW9RuNBjr8BiGtCKGsuniFGbAdErEZukdBMx6DoAylCOcuqdJfY4gJ6XgL3BZL2rx/s606/7.%20Terrell%20ad.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="clear: left; font-family: Times; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="372" data-original-width="606" height="196" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdRO16ZbMriK-3e_eDekx9Z_UfZrd4RSIAkGSJLskWPwXI0VuzTaOIT-rGyJ8RFW6K8spvSGsdC3Uof4WQ4Qm8Mi_Pz15TPS4jhwwEPfHhZtuqegleNWBzCkvf2XwGW9RuNBjr8BiGtCKGsuniFGbAdErEZukdBMx6DoAylCOcuqdJfY4gJ6XgL3BZL2rx/s320/7.%20Terrell%20ad.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></a></span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2RIa5vXbpMHsRvC5CsvFguAjAHKZKTgnyQD3UJPicoSGcDSD596hmg3AMg-UyPBAblfHooYFTHwucRM2iA1iS4DpSQoYQJHTNvej8Yb0SeIUTlBJRWqo0_A3CqAGmRxXM7KMSHrnTeIW87utJZiCYCwL_6TCRXrmTrcdnGfvY1R7UGwVAL0Z22tMjKPLN/s312/9a.%20Caleb%202.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="312" data-original-width="255" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2RIa5vXbpMHsRvC5CsvFguAjAHKZKTgnyQD3UJPicoSGcDSD596hmg3AMg-UyPBAblfHooYFTHwucRM2iA1iS4DpSQoYQJHTNvej8Yb0SeIUTlBJRWqo0_A3CqAGmRxXM7KMSHrnTeIW87utJZiCYCwL_6TCRXrmTrcdnGfvY1R7UGwVAL0Z22tMjKPLN/w163-h200/9a.%20Caleb%202.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="163" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial;">Subsequent Terrell ads emphasized the same themes:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i>“Pure Still House Whiskey.</i></span></span><i style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>direct from actual distiller to the consumer. Sold at DISTILLER prices—better than WHOLESALE prices, as you save the wholesaler’s profits and have the satisfaction of knowing you are getting pure whiskies direct.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Ignoring the time gap between Caleb’s operation and his, Sid also urged:</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><i style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> “Patronize home industry.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The first distillery in Paducah.” <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> Subsequently an artist’s label on Old Terrell bottles included an alternate, seemingly more benign portrait of Caleb.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjd6CxmaZNBovXJH_vd9AmbcBMj3oc-jeJZ0MdvezJ9hvJAOnvTowgRRVGKWq0zoE2LddGX2vMCg_Bg7L4z_2iO17zMA9OwAbwh_ddKushYyHab0IPk8U9Ho_KqvmRbWgwicx4udLf3EJIgNGdkVkcdMlviPubEkhIpY8F8xbu3fl3tWjEwJpN1f5qPnEsH/s349/5.%20PRE014.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="349" data-original-width="300" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjd6CxmaZNBovXJH_vd9AmbcBMj3oc-jeJZ0MdvezJ9hvJAOnvTowgRRVGKWq0zoE2LddGX2vMCg_Bg7L4z_2iO17zMA9OwAbwh_ddKushYyHab0IPk8U9Ho_KqvmRbWgwicx4udLf3EJIgNGdkVkcdMlviPubEkhIpY8F8xbu3fl3tWjEwJpN1f5qPnEsH/w172-h200/5.%20PRE014.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="172" /></span></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">As the years advanced, Sid was able to increase production to mashing 60 bushels of grain a day and annually bottling 1,800 barrels of bourbon.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Says Veach:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i>“Sid’s passion for doing things his own way brought great success to the Old Terrell distillery…Old Terrell became well known throughout the South prior to World War I.” <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i> After 14 years of notable progress, several factors apparently conspired to end Sid Terrell’s distilling.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Among them were wartime restrictions on grain supplies, the increasing pressure of prohibition through “local option” laws, and a damaging fire.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In 1917 Sid, now 55, shut down the Old Terrell facility in 1917.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">When he died eight years later Sid was buried in Louisville’s Cave Hill Cemetery where so many Kentucky whiskey greats are interred.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>His widow, Ella, followed him in 1862.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Their joint burial site is shown below.</span></span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgndlfUQxHpdgvTQ1kx0DLyk6rYPydeXflVKMvjCXbg0tbtlP3TVzQFh2Tk4AcLmSEcHB46whf1R5vHGACOWayTeKyCVwuB0-PgD_8uVn8TBpmcBE6PrrVznEp4M3m7VETGJkwn7kLNadiFJlJg3zEfAeamrhN387LYMHJt-4M2NZGdWXTYm1RoZL-lhyphenhyphenWr/s610/9b.%20A.%20Sid%20Monument.jpg-C.jpg" style="font-family: Times; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="411" data-original-width="610" height="216" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgndlfUQxHpdgvTQ1kx0DLyk6rYPydeXflVKMvjCXbg0tbtlP3TVzQFh2Tk4AcLmSEcHB46whf1R5vHGACOWayTeKyCVwuB0-PgD_8uVn8TBpmcBE6PrrVznEp4M3m7VETGJkwn7kLNadiFJlJg3zEfAeamrhN387LYMHJt-4M2NZGdWXTYm1RoZL-lhyphenhyphenWr/s320/9b.%20A.%20Sid%20Monument.jpg-C.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1" style="font-size: medium;"></span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEG5_81ja2lqHzmj7okiVTA-TJuOx_6xIWQ_aUVMYph5v1XfxTNRL-UQs7oZH0eNIkfCAmax0MapJHv6-CcHIsieJNKKAk824RhE2loTk4yRR3kcqMUFnW_emy8gA7jfvUwgrm6AE6sojabDFYWYkFZrokqm_k4zugz3YSxiMwvjNKVaD-YHkkOkTCiQFt/s572/9c.%20Terrell%20bot-%20L.tiff" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="572" data-original-width="298" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhEG5_81ja2lqHzmj7okiVTA-TJuOx_6xIWQ_aUVMYph5v1XfxTNRL-UQs7oZH0eNIkfCAmax0MapJHv6-CcHIsieJNKKAk824RhE2loTk4yRR3kcqMUFnW_emy8gA7jfvUwgrm6AE6sojabDFYWYkFZrokqm_k4zugz3YSxiMwvjNKVaD-YHkkOkTCiQFt/w104-h200/9c.%20Terrell%20bot-%20L.tiff" width="104" /></span></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The story does not end with the termination of the Old Terrell distillery and Sid’s death.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Flash forward to the present.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A three times removed great nephew of Sid named <b>T. Logan Davis</b> has set about to revive the Old Terrell brand.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A successful Kentucky financial planner and real estate entrepreneur, Davis has sold his business interests to dedicate full time and effort to reviving the Old Terrell brand, in keeping with his family tradition.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He intends to build the new distillery on farmland he owns near Paducah.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The Terrell tradition goes on!</span></span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>Notes:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b> This post was assembled from a number of sources, including a brief conversation with Logan Davis. This is the last post of 2023. On to 2024!</span></span></p>
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</style>Jack Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01499431800088809848noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6657913448535983609.post-39136211946490209012023-12-23T05:10:00.000-08:002023-12-26T05:19:02.653-08:00The Life and Death of “Mr. Dry”<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #fff3db; color: #29303b; font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrrc1J0KeIdf-drrP04y1C3dEpWeLkhllaFAUsSDSUV58gy-CgO9IJZyU0tNCIaGJH7CNOidzDv9LYknyd212pBaCvanKu8qQW1HwZqYoUr7lw0Rx6cNlzXHrKmlmaC1-Rh02h_ONK0yeJXPiZvQXocp3hn0yzV56vvU3RuUf0knB3t8MDWbh-Ew2Wz6ws/s617/1.%20prohibition_vote-dry_march%20-%20C%20top.jpg" style="font-family: Georgia; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="347" data-original-width="617" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrrc1J0KeIdf-drrP04y1C3dEpWeLkhllaFAUsSDSUV58gy-CgO9IJZyU0tNCIaGJH7CNOidzDv9LYknyd212pBaCvanKu8qQW1HwZqYoUr7lw0Rx6cNlzXHrKmlmaC1-Rh02h_ONK0yeJXPiZvQXocp3hn0yzV56vvU3RuUf0knB3t8MDWbh-Ew2Wz6ws/s320/1.%20prohibition_vote-dry_march%20-%20C%20top.jpg" width="320" /></a></div><p style="text-align: justify;"></p><p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #fff3db; color: #29303b; font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">In the decades of struggle over the banning of alcoholic beverages in the United States the proponents on each side were branded as “Wets” and “Drys.” The Wets were those who opposed a ban on strong drink on the grounds that it was an unwarranted infringement on personal liberty; the Drys saw alcohol as the devil’s work and were certain America would be a much better place without it.</span></p>
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<p class="p5" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">By careful manipulation of public opinion, such as marches by substantial citizens as shown above, the Drys eventually were able to pressure “finger in the air” politicians into doing their bidding. With the passage of the 19th Amendment to the Constitution and Congressional implementing legislation known as the Volstead Act, National Prohibition,the so-called “Great Experiment,” became the law of the land in January 1920.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p5" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1VdeSmIk2ZTHYgJGCZBXFTgRyK_1Ibsr4ACb935yIYn3o23ejIBi5cpUTuFhsDDaerzkBx8xLwgjDJPG8A1N_LyvNBqpEj72chmhfBOZL7zn9RxV5nhxayzZuJon0MVH9wAWG29euLxQf274izFbt0vH5X4TxxZVxYLZjMSa60IzWcQaMYTrRmZgVZzPs/s566/2.%20roland%20kirby%20.jpg-R.jpg" style="background-color: transparent; clear: right; float: right; font-family: Georgia; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="566" data-original-width="400" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1VdeSmIk2ZTHYgJGCZBXFTgRyK_1Ibsr4ACb935yIYn3o23ejIBi5cpUTuFhsDDaerzkBx8xLwgjDJPG8A1N_LyvNBqpEj72chmhfBOZL7zn9RxV5nhxayzZuJon0MVH9wAWG29euLxQf274izFbt0vH5X4TxxZVxYLZjMSa60IzWcQaMYTrRmZgVZzPs/w141-h200/2.%20roland%20kirby%20.jpg-R.jpg" width="141" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Among those outraged by Prohibition was a middle-aged aged native of Illinois </span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">named Rollin Kirby, shown here in a portrait, When Kirby’s career as an artist and illustrator proved disappointing, he turned to political cartooning. After working for two other New York City newspapers, he made his home and reputation at the </span><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">New York World</i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">. He was there in 1920 when the saloons closed, bars were shuttered and liquor dealers by the thousands were left unemployed. </span></p>
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<p class="p5" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Out of his anger, Kirby invented a character who would become the symbol to many of what Prohibition meant. In an editorial cartoon that was dated January 17, 1920 he depicted a tall, lean foreboding figure wearing a frock coat, stovepipe hat, and black gloves, carrying a black umbrella. He quickly became known as “Mr. Dry.” In his first appearance Dry was depicted standing in front of a giant water bottle looking like a choral director and commanding: “Now then, all together, ‘My country ’tis of thee.” </span></span></p>
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<p class="p8" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJnKU5pQ9h6RVp-14nBJOE5eAR3UcS3gE9v3oCg8dWPFHv51A9iaWh_5wAfOw0cfmApiLCpoaqvDLrkxSvYqYt4Ra_SOFHwPdWmLYpT6rUcxFdAB6DrLLlJ1UByPq5zaHhjF8I1G91Ur3gNwYA3LkJN0l6irnwdi-pzq97C7EFAOWFMm9tau7nFCC5kcDM/s583/4.R.png" style="background-color: transparent; clear: right; float: right; font-family: Georgia; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="583" data-original-width="505" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJnKU5pQ9h6RVp-14nBJOE5eAR3UcS3gE9v3oCg8dWPFHv51A9iaWh_5wAfOw0cfmApiLCpoaqvDLrkxSvYqYt4Ra_SOFHwPdWmLYpT6rUcxFdAB6DrLLlJ1UByPq5zaHhjF8I1G91Ur3gNwYA3LkJN0l6irnwdi-pzq97C7EFAOWFMm9tau7nFCC5kcDM/w173-h200/4.R.png" width="173" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnRZX79owisP9M_MbTw7czggN3Qd3BkIq7KS0kGXIHsYE7ROn2yrAvwevrNeNjqV3n-K0vF1gyhfA3rMD4vjN2oKd7tRN1VMFTOFSicZ5Pv8QDMAN3pYZO-2a8h9hkdHA4wpMmY_nlNR56yFXoFx20P5lNSHb8CFzI9qdLlr0Mu37gSuiqXDtS69lkp5wk/s600/3.%20L-kirbydry.jpg-%20.jpg" style="clear: left; font-family: Georgia; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="600" data-original-width="525" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnRZX79owisP9M_MbTw7czggN3Qd3BkIq7KS0kGXIHsYE7ROn2yrAvwevrNeNjqV3n-K0vF1gyhfA3rMD4vjN2oKd7tRN1VMFTOFSicZ5Pv8QDMAN3pYZO-2a8h9hkdHA4wpMmY_nlNR56yFXoFx20P5lNSHb8CFzI9qdLlr0Mu37gSuiqXDtS69lkp5wk/w175-h200/3.%20L-kirbydry.jpg-%20.jpg" width="175" /></a><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span></span></p><p class="p8" style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p>
<p class="p5" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The image was an immediate success and Kirby followed up with other cartoons of Mr. Dry. Christmas, a holiday that always had been a time of convivial drinking, had now been made bleaker by the ban on alcohol. The cartoonist memorialized that sad situation by showing a grinning Mr. Dry dowsing an unsuspecting Santa Claus in the face with water from his syphon.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p5" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The spectural figure soon “went viral” and became the icon for anti-Prohibition emotions being felt and expressed by millions of Americans. It was natural then that others would adopt the image and turn it to their own mocking purposes. Shown here is the patent design submitted in 1932 by inventor Alfred Flauder of Trumbull, Conn. Here Mr. Dry is just a head with in two phases, an evil grin and a fierce scowl. Approved as Design Patent No. 87,658, the device combined a bottle opener (the mouth), a jigger (the hat), a corkscrew, and on the back a swing down cocktail stirrer. It was manufactured by the Weidlich Bros. Mfg. Co. of Bridgeport, Conn. and marketed as the “4 -in- 1 Friendship Kit.”</span></span></p><p class="p5" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuQvOiP6Ps-JjmyxyzS__8TffFYO_i5ncM0p6TJNL94lK0Rpyi_GIMbkT7RUYo2_7CwScpC7YLoaUBY_mnnGtMOQYAv1osqlw1YvBU0LNV_9gfCFHm_AE8LkDjNiMhUzT1hTT1MYyUeVy03x-InJAE2rZtyKmy0sD6BBrZtyXhTaI_zdGbkyv-2IY1wqZJ/s359/5.%20patflauder.jpg%20-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Georgia; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="359" data-original-width="334" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhuQvOiP6Ps-JjmyxyzS__8TffFYO_i5ncM0p6TJNL94lK0Rpyi_GIMbkT7RUYo2_7CwScpC7YLoaUBY_mnnGtMOQYAv1osqlw1YvBU0LNV_9gfCFHm_AE8LkDjNiMhUzT1hTT1MYyUeVy03x-InJAE2rZtyKmy0sD6BBrZtyXhTaI_zdGbkyv-2IY1wqZJ/s320/5.%20patflauder.jpg%20-%20C.jpg" width="298" /></a></div><p class="p5" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"></span></p>
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<p class="p9" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #fff3db; color: #29303b; font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Multipurpose drink accoutrements proliferated to celebrate Kirby’s cartoon figure. The “Old Snifter” opener bears a strong resemblance to Mr. Dry even down to the umbrella. Snifter’s hat concealed a swivel corkscrew, his hand is the bottle opener, and, as is helpfully noted on the box, the base can be used to crush ice. This imaginative device was the brainchild of John Schuchardt of New York and the casting was done by the Dollin Die Casting Company of Irvington, New Jersey.</span></p><p class="p9" style="text-align: justify;"><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPg8ljD4Zquthxf3QG5m5v20pK9LIxb_aF2Yo3_-l4Y_cZUE42Rr4DzQxqjhDTeKWRyvu1MoY619PRnuy66bye3p7T1tzM3VQRzbikqQPOFIWzKEn85uJOIKp-dxVAxpJYwpSJS9j0UOykmFsvcMLe1xQKzSzmtQYlZpJxl7qf_UFFAQzJbG9ZBVVmW3BH/s300/7.%20Wilson%20Mt.%20Dry%20-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Georgia; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="299" data-original-width="300" height="299" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPg8ljD4Zquthxf3QG5m5v20pK9LIxb_aF2Yo3_-l4Y_cZUE42Rr4DzQxqjhDTeKWRyvu1MoY619PRnuy66bye3p7T1tzM3VQRzbikqQPOFIWzKEn85uJOIKp-dxVAxpJYwpSJS9j0UOykmFsvcMLe1xQKzSzmtQYlZpJxl7qf_UFFAQzJbG9ZBVVmW3BH/s1600/7.%20Wilson%20Mt.%20Dry%20-%20C.jpg" width="300" /></a></div><p class="p9" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
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<p class="p5" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The wide and gaping mouth on the next Mr. Dry indicates that it has lost some metal over the years opening, I hope, bottles of beer. Meant to be attached to a vertical wooden surface by screws though its ears, the cast iron face was the product of Wilton Products Co. which produced the item in a variety of shapes, sizes and colors. The Wilton family began casting metal along the Susquehanna River in 1893 and eventually became known for producing hand-painted cast iron objects, including bottle openers, trivets, candle holders and a wide variety of novelty items. From the number of them available on-line, this opener must have been a best seller.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p6" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcTn47kxHW-uOKmSEMPUlymYpavVmpX0RqgvLhmnAaeGgK47RqAkxrohRbif2-k-Wv05jZN-4OLRBlPtkXIsU4Dz2jIw-f4_XTlwoMkKU88_IfeDAQy0LL9ORgjPWnwiD5sdpoDiwxPd6m0i9zUm-9MSoc2EVjgaVs7-PCzU1A2Rg-L9CoHyarRcBGRsgm/s210/8.%20S&V%20kirbmastl.jpg-%20L.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; font-family: Georgia; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="210" data-original-width="73" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcTn47kxHW-uOKmSEMPUlymYpavVmpX0RqgvLhmnAaeGgK47RqAkxrohRbif2-k-Wv05jZN-4OLRBlPtkXIsU4Dz2jIw-f4_XTlwoMkKU88_IfeDAQy0LL9ORgjPWnwiD5sdpoDiwxPd6m0i9zUm-9MSoc2EVjgaVs7-PCzU1A2Rg-L9CoHyarRcBGRsgm/w69-h200/8.%20S&V%20kirbmastl.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="69" /></a><span style="background-color: #fff3db; font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">In 1896, Gustav Schafer and Gunther Vater founded the Schafer and Vater Porcelain Factory in Thuringa, Germany, with the purpose of making high quality porcelain items. By 1910 the reputation of the pottery for craftsmanship and design had grown to international proportions and Sears Roebuck was importing and selling large quantities of Schafer and Vater pottery in the United States. Among their products were a host of small figural liquor bottles for distribution by American distillers and saloons, often called nips.” With the coming of National Prohibition to the United States, this major business opportunity was largely denied to the German potters. Profits from their American exports were severely curtailed. The company response was to design and sell objects lampooning the notion of abolishing alcoholic drink. Among them was this figural flask with a Mr. Dry look-alike who is drinking and described as “one of the boys.”</span></p>
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<p class="p5" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">With the progression of Prohibition into the 1930s, Kirby continued to satirize its adherents. In one cartoon published about 1930, shown below, he depicts the gent in three modes. In the first a neatly dressed Mr. Dry simply holds a sign reading "Thou shalt NOT!" The second Mr. Dry, gloating, holds a newspaper describing a "rum-runner" having been "shot by dry agent." In the third Kirby depicts a ragged Mr. Dry holding a tin cup and wearing a sign reading "I am starving.” It was an allusion to the fact that a backlash against the ban on drink was taking hold in the Nation.</span></span></p><p class="p5" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgb4XVu6Vs38FmBKyA2_kcKlLhQQsggy22FWECeoxZWZ1CRATHU1MQe5nuyJ2LpuqgLKzYKGL7hBJyRLu1lRUujQcWG6Y89NQ-uBtx7KEMSY0ic-psD3DOopdhh8SIhDmx-eax_qYPrgAWZ1LCXk-MD7O7gPT1hcNg8DukUCb1rEBXNaYq61n7YZVLH6ICq/s468/9a.%203%20AGES%20OF%20MR.%20D-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Georgia; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="303" data-original-width="468" height="259" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgb4XVu6Vs38FmBKyA2_kcKlLhQQsggy22FWECeoxZWZ1CRATHU1MQe5nuyJ2LpuqgLKzYKGL7hBJyRLu1lRUujQcWG6Y89NQ-uBtx7KEMSY0ic-psD3DOopdhh8SIhDmx-eax_qYPrgAWZ1LCXk-MD7O7gPT1hcNg8DukUCb1rEBXNaYq61n7YZVLH6ICq/w400-h259/9a.%203%20AGES%20OF%20MR.%20D-%20C.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="p5" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"></span></p>
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<p class="p5" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEji1Hjo32mKd_5c3jZlefWD5CDFAU2PKwEoG0k9fzk3mOfEwM-VUdlUMKSSzNujziTZ0F59j4Lkb6iTlyEcF7vMjyfmfms9VVecLYpcRXm6F8H07_wqavA7DE_XnjU9q_oceX7NFRnKttWM19Nb_TWRcvlsDB7EHT-jsWYjd75DNCUKRorZcOzMRsszYMR4/s431/9b.kirbcame.jpg-L.jpg" style="background-color: transparent; clear: left; float: left; font-family: Georgia; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="431" data-original-width="312" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEji1Hjo32mKd_5c3jZlefWD5CDFAU2PKwEoG0k9fzk3mOfEwM-VUdlUMKSSzNujziTZ0F59j4Lkb6iTlyEcF7vMjyfmfms9VVecLYpcRXm6F8H07_wqavA7DE_XnjU9q_oceX7NFRnKttWM19Nb_TWRcvlsDB7EHT-jsWYjd75DNCUKRorZcOzMRsszYMR4/w145-h200/9b.kirbcame.jpg-L.jpg" width="145" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">An early 1930s statuette (and bottle opener) that reads “The End of the Trail,” is a spoof of the famous statue by American artist James Earle Fraser that depicted an American Indian warrior slumped over his horse. Here Mr. Dry has replaced the Indian and a camel (who can go days without drinking) has been substituted for the horse. The message was clear: The era of National Prohibition is about over. And it was.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p5" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The final picture below, taken shortly after Repeal, documents the “death” of Mr. Dry, hanged in effigy on a city street by a group of seven men. The sign affixed to the dummy indicates considerable lingering hostility to those who had engineered 14 years without legal strong drink. It read “Death to the Drys.” </span></span></p><p class="p5" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3cB6XI9QM6fAbsiTw9QKXcw4TS_OwmLc7QzYsgEnk-7TV5KlyM9K22DgQ6z9Lx-SSAHEbx9xwmeoHUH-07yVSEfmugqg-OgPxzwPYjLFx3ezPMpPlpDjlb6-lGEyBkKB7CriRTptVqK85BSA1XjliaO2KR2ED9let0GG6ljpd5sKAnnZzGTxsSeLAdGXV/s425/9c.%20Hanged%20in%20Effigy%20-%20C.jpg" style="background-color: transparent; font-family: Georgia; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="425" data-original-width="320" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3cB6XI9QM6fAbsiTw9QKXcw4TS_OwmLc7QzYsgEnk-7TV5KlyM9K22DgQ6z9Lx-SSAHEbx9xwmeoHUH-07yVSEfmugqg-OgPxzwPYjLFx3ezPMpPlpDjlb6-lGEyBkKB7CriRTptVqK85BSA1XjliaO2KR2ED9let0GG6ljpd5sKAnnZzGTxsSeLAdGXV/s320/9c.%20Hanged%20in%20Effigy%20-%20C.jpg" width="241" /></a></div><p class="p5" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="p6" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #fff3db; font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Mr. Dry disappeared from Rollin Kirby’s cartoons for the New York World but his ability was to win him the very first Pulitzer prize given to a political cartoonist. He would go on during his career to be awarded two more.</span></p><p class="p6" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: #fff3db; font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><b>Note: </b> This article was posted just as this website hit the 1.6 million mark for "hits." Thanks to all my viewers for reaching this landmark number.</span></p>
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<p class="p13" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Posted by <a href="https://www.blogger.com/profile/01499431800088809848"><span class="s4">Jack Sullivan </span></a>at <a href="http://bottlesboozeandbackstories.blogspot.com/2014/08/the-life-and-death-of-mr-dry.html"><span class="s5">1:03 PM</span></a></span></span></p>
<p class="p13" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s3"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Labels: <a href="http://bottlesboozeandbackstories.blogspot.com/search/label/Alfred%20Flauder"><span class="s4">Alfred Flauder</span></a>, <a href="http://bottlesboozeandbackstories.blogspot.com/search/label/John%20Schuchardt"><span class="s4">John Schuchardt</span></a>, <a href="http://bottlesboozeandbackstories.blogspot.com/search/label/Mr.%20Dry"><span class="s4">Mr. Dry</span></a>, <a href="http://bottlesboozeandbackstories.blogspot.com/search/label/Rollin%20Kirby"><span class="s4">Rollin Kirby</span></a></span></span></p>
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</style>Jack Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01499431800088809848noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6657913448535983609.post-71514704696041010112023-12-19T05:02:00.000-08:002023-12-19T05:02:33.104-08:00 Christmas Whiskey — Those Pre-Prohibition Flasks<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"> </span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhscyNqZf3_6otzLAVewoMctBVdez4ig-Y4stO25-Sd5LUPUWwIa0aHjsGAU15IiOegwEmERcHJhYvfIvHh6NGBTxVqDWh79S2KuHFyX8ra4iTYt0yRz0IVCxKAwwJ0Bom8HcKM1Gkj4uyrrpZ-OVup5g_4xj6C4m7cwk5PXgXA4gN2nF_tFtJC1r7hsAP8/s320/%201.%20LuG%20Santa.jpg-R.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="320" data-original-width="194" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhscyNqZf3_6otzLAVewoMctBVdez4ig-Y4stO25-Sd5LUPUWwIa0aHjsGAU15IiOegwEmERcHJhYvfIvHh6NGBTxVqDWh79S2KuHFyX8ra4iTYt0yRz0IVCxKAwwJ0Bom8HcKM1Gkj4uyrrpZ-OVup5g_4xj6C4m7cwk5PXgXA4gN2nF_tFtJC1r7hsAP8/s1600/%201.%20LuG%20Santa.jpg-R.jpg" width="194" /></a><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">From ancient times, the holiday season has been identified with the imbibing of</span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> alcoholic beverages.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">It has nothing to do with the religious aspects of Christmas and everything to do with celebrating those two other occasions that come along about</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">the same time.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">I refer to the Winter Solstice, when daylight slowly begins to return to the Northern Hemisphere and to the inauguration of the New Year.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Both events traditionally have involved considerable liquid celebration.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">One pre-Prohibition expression was the Christmas flask, very popular in the 18th and early 19th Century until outlawed permanently, beginning in 1920.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-size: medium;">The first four Christmas flasks shown here are label-under-glass (L-U-G) bottles, that is, the container was hand blown, probably in a mold, with a recessed area in the front.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Then the painted or lithographed image was placed into the recess, sometimes held by bee’s wax.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Then another very thin piece of separately prepared glass asvery carefully put over the top of the image and glued.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-size: medium;">The process of creating these bottles obviously was tedious and time-consuming. Wages<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>for glassblowers and other workers at that time were very low.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>As a result, glass houses could produce the bottles in great numbers at low cost and sell them cheaply to saloonkeeper and liquor dealers.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>They in turn would fill them with no-name liquor and put their own identifying labels, careful not to spoil the image on the front.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Often these labels began with the words, <i>“Compliments of....”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i> With few exceptions, pre-Prohibition Christmas flasks were not sold -- until today when they command healthy prices from collectors.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJswUAFnFKSKUvTCZmqHLcXx7U3oG26iGRdJszyxDgTT3HqqX4bmv3f0a4gojkYSf28e_vHR9GQtUls3fhYm9rJzQETSyBA3_lG3ls6LxU2uYUsOwLFMtlqRzc_8gUKhPEF5HJCJtSFGUeMYDONv6Kp8Mgc-g_dgAMm-0spu6rwd2V99Cq2HTSKkIjFKcG/s1600/2.%20Melky%20M%20Flask%20copy.jpg-%20L.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="945" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJswUAFnFKSKUvTCZmqHLcXx7U3oG26iGRdJszyxDgTT3HqqX4bmv3f0a4gojkYSf28e_vHR9GQtUls3fhYm9rJzQETSyBA3_lG3ls6LxU2uYUsOwLFMtlqRzc_8gUKhPEF5HJCJtSFGUeMYDONv6Kp8Mgc-g_dgAMm-0spu6rwd2V99Cq2HTSKkIjFKcG/w118-h200/2.%20Melky%20M%20Flask%20copy.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="118" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-size: medium;">Noted for their sense of humor, the three sons of <b>Melchior “Melky" Miller,</b> a farmer distiller of Accident, Maryland, were responsible for the Christmas flask showing an aproned bartender about to open a bottle of rye whiskey dated 1891.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Melky’s boys had an evident genius for business and built Miller’s Maryland Rye Whiskey into a highly respected local and regional brand. Although production was relatively small -- only 29 bushels of grain processed daily according to Federal records -- the quality of the company’s whiskey was high. <i>[A more complete account of the Millers may be found on this site at Oct. 28, 2011.]</i></span></span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU-xTjoUUEwnj6gkeexDmDZBxvQd1-cuTRBmhgtV3IAgpzD23n8TSWtqa6-Xaq0HVKojk6-CF0a4zRYOLJktlm2YjTyVoKdEpAtGQ_77enP0NzsTLmit0TMi2f4FHC8gc2cReK7c7HuIJud4Q2zMiPjkf3BaBBeKkb3QdbK4LwriJ7BRJPRmdYeb3q20tr/s200/3.%20Hrobsky%20Milw..jpg-%20R.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="200" data-original-width="112" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhU-xTjoUUEwnj6gkeexDmDZBxvQd1-cuTRBmhgtV3IAgpzD23n8TSWtqa6-Xaq0HVKojk6-CF0a4zRYOLJktlm2YjTyVoKdEpAtGQ_77enP0NzsTLmit0TMi2f4FHC8gc2cReK7c7HuIJud4Q2zMiPjkf3BaBBeKkb3QdbK4LwriJ7BRJPRmdYeb3q20tr/s1600/3.%20Hrobsky%20Milw..jpg-%20R.jpg" width="112" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>John Hrobsky & Son</b> obviated the problem of having the label washed off their</span></span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> Christmas</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">flask by including it under the glass. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Their saloon was on Vliet Street on Milwaukee’s near North Side and just a few blocks from my Milwaukee residence of several years.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">My favorite tavern on Vliet Street was the “Trails End Lodge.”</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">As a frequent customer during the 1950s I sometimes was given a bottle of egg nog for the holidays, the special recipe of the owner, Mitzi.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Although the bottle in which it came was not special like Hrobsky’s, the egg nog was excellent.</span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcNL1_S929y_kmJkrWSRUv0XdB7GtauSbR9DL96mdRN2sZvj9z_sR_OKL63G5qe9Ko-C5Rx6ff4NQqnpPXwoFpjhtcCHPoeSF57ymAQZmn29wHwwlD5IsG7F33cxAB6VHVZ0IfktA_SwHt7Hxe3HqryfsJJRI-uQnAe2aj9KawnSRLnH4Y3qt0wvdBmcGu/s473/4.%20Emrich%20DC%20hotel%20%20Xmas%20flask-%20L.tiff" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="473" data-original-width="336" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcNL1_S929y_kmJkrWSRUv0XdB7GtauSbR9DL96mdRN2sZvj9z_sR_OKL63G5qe9Ko-C5Rx6ff4NQqnpPXwoFpjhtcCHPoeSF57ymAQZmn29wHwwlD5IsG7F33cxAB6VHVZ0IfktA_SwHt7Hxe3HqryfsJJRI-uQnAe2aj9KawnSRLnH4Y3qt0wvdBmcGu/w142-h200/4.%20Emrich%20DC%20hotel%20%20Xmas%20flask-%20L.tiff" width="142" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-size: medium;">The next flask was issued by <b>C. M. Emrich,</b> a hotel owner in Washington D.C.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In addition to his hotel on Pennsylvania Avenue near the railroad station, Emerich also operated a “European plan” hostelry across from the B&O depot on New Jersey Avenue at C street.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He advertised that the latter had been <i>“Remodeled and Refurbished throughout”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i> and now featured<i> “Electric Light & Steam Heat.”</i></span></span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJGq32UYKzxjqnYQCfG4QmHpaGSayhhDfdaVXvubqoiCp4fLBLm8UZpqgLh0nX5Wb-U21ZrwzipZ3X94TKAYAADlPBxUWAZlhGxKO819OuJaW9W5aQuIwONZBVoJsWuKkffhv6iAwcj_n0c2JntRjiZ8oobdrnVRIeJ_HR-hDpIzKt1eABXFXtqE-N11bR/s200/5.%20Otto%20%3F%20'02-paper%20label.JPG-%20R.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="200" data-original-width="150" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJGq32UYKzxjqnYQCfG4QmHpaGSayhhDfdaVXvubqoiCp4fLBLm8UZpqgLh0nX5Wb-U21ZrwzipZ3X94TKAYAADlPBxUWAZlhGxKO819OuJaW9W5aQuIwONZBVoJsWuKkffhv6iAwcj_n0c2JntRjiZ8oobdrnVRIeJ_HR-hDpIzKt1eABXFXtqE-N11bR/s1600/5.%20Otto%20%3F%20'02-paper%20label.JPG-%20R.JPG" width="150" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-size: medium;">Although paper labels were much less likely to survive in their</span></span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> original mode than a protected ones, some did.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">An example is flask from 1902-1903, shown here. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Proclaiming “Holiday Chimes” it was a standard label to which the distributor could overprint his name.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">In this case it was </span><b style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Otto F. Lieders.</b><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">As a proprietor, Lieders was described by a contemporary as </span><i style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">“one of Buffalo’s most popular hotel men.”</i><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">No doubt giving away whiskey contributed to his popularity.</span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9toN0N4qcdZFzLB9VXh4H-b8vUUJuin0r_YEvwpitWK7lwCbm9WnJjsrAyWrmTRqK5uCO7NnSYXGFLkm3rtbCl_nUrKblj9lGTmUfLQDlK5i7a4HJYUKDnFg26xw8uR-27mkKrSbnjYVAbXN4pwHRMgMnmauvBmPNoXLZJkYYjSS7p2K6Y3pSQ2CE39tq/s1600/%206.%20Longbrake%20LkVw%20OH.jpg-%20L.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1044" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9toN0N4qcdZFzLB9VXh4H-b8vUUJuin0r_YEvwpitWK7lwCbm9WnJjsrAyWrmTRqK5uCO7NnSYXGFLkm3rtbCl_nUrKblj9lGTmUfLQDlK5i7a4HJYUKDnFg26xw8uR-27mkKrSbnjYVAbXN4pwHRMgMnmauvBmPNoXLZJkYYjSS7p2K6Y3pSQ2CE39tq/w131-h200/%206.%20Longbrake%20LkVw%20OH.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="131" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-size: medium;">The flask shown here, a particulate favorite of mine, is in generally good condition with a just a bit of damage to the paper at the left top. The</span></span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> boy must have had a full bladder since he has been able to write extensively in the snow to wish us a “A Merry Christmas + a Happy New Year,” as his dog looked on.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">This flask bears the identification of </span><b style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Dan Longbrake,</b><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> a liquor dealer from Lake View, Ohio, a suburb of Cleveland.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhROmadNccPPw4cN96smcs8I-VvLQXBJ4UNeXZqZtEl76una0te3qMyL-terqnemLBkDJ5HMP7WqM0ZBlD5lleHSaFmvM3GK4GaY5aLv5pIdULl4-FCnlCvNCieDGeifjKoTDEEpr8s9RCKQlK4n65R2A_g5hhm52nc7D_h6JpayUxl-Z0Ffg4vJQEY8hlJ/s1600/7.%20Horter%20Zvlle%20OH%20copy.jpg-%20R.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1036" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhROmadNccPPw4cN96smcs8I-VvLQXBJ4UNeXZqZtEl76una0te3qMyL-terqnemLBkDJ5HMP7WqM0ZBlD5lleHSaFmvM3GK4GaY5aLv5pIdULl4-FCnlCvNCieDGeifjKoTDEEpr8s9RCKQlK4n65R2A_g5hhm52nc7D_h6JpayUxl-Z0Ffg4vJQEY8hlJ/w129-h200/7.%20Horter%20Zvlle%20OH%20copy.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="129" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-size: medium;">The next flask, is also bears a slightly damaged paper label, one that depicts a strange Christmas scene.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>It appears to be a Father Christmas (or Santa Claus) looking back over his shoulder at a large two-masted sailing ship apparently about to sink in heavy seas.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Not the most merry of holiday illustrations.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The label identifies <b>Joseph Horter </b>of Zanesville, Ohio, as the benefactor.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>An immigrant from France,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>perhaps the label reflects the perils of Horter’s travel across the Atlantic.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhr_R2ZZqy7axy0aZgk5W3eD7jMMmqvYl3rQkRGoy0PFT3ah9KKN1duJ7-h0VGamzEKjmvvbtYzMRB0ggVUbCZaoPvEA8JI5iLMncbo2I44veUtwFtqzLv4hP-LNSKdRd-5nIIf_-D59ljm4dZ2VTzpKhiyEOVJQtj49UUnbZUVjRUc4RCExUdiRgRTdhfM/s340/8.%20CC%20Conrad%20HarrisonburgVA.jpg-%20L.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="340" data-original-width="211" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhr_R2ZZqy7axy0aZgk5W3eD7jMMmqvYl3rQkRGoy0PFT3ah9KKN1duJ7-h0VGamzEKjmvvbtYzMRB0ggVUbCZaoPvEA8JI5iLMncbo2I44veUtwFtqzLv4hP-LNSKdRd-5nIIf_-D59ljm4dZ2VTzpKhiyEOVJQtj49UUnbZUVjRUc4RCExUdiRgRTdhfM/w124-h200/8.%20CC%20Conrad%20HarrisonburgVA.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="124" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>C.C. Conrad </b>of Harrisonburg, Virginia, issued a Christmas flask with traditional looking label featuring holly branches and a greeting.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Conrad apparently<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>began his career in liquor as a local saloonkeeper but determined that selling booze by the bottle was more lucrative than pouring drinks over the bar. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>His price list of whiskeys and other liquor was a long one. Conrad’s flagship brand was “Oakwood Whiskey,” sold four quarts for five dollars.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEim2hjREoby9_wv1UcNp77e77KRySrRtUBlHd7WzPv24zdAtEwfF42U3L8JaQVSWDqNAzJ0usY8fxS-G66BkDgzRAz_a3IF9kgarmCJ515O1zh6927MnKF68zmvrZPza4O8kS3oxS_BdX4Esf4LDLx-LjAI8WfClZe0E3N3aIPzOyFU9oDHUVT6Gdl4s6kt/s1600/9a.%20Singer%20Boonville%20Ind.jpg-%20R.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="821" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEim2hjREoby9_wv1UcNp77e77KRySrRtUBlHd7WzPv24zdAtEwfF42U3L8JaQVSWDqNAzJ0usY8fxS-G66BkDgzRAz_a3IF9kgarmCJ515O1zh6927MnKF68zmvrZPza4O8kS3oxS_BdX4Esf4LDLx-LjAI8WfClZe0E3N3aIPzOyFU9oDHUVT6Gdl4s6kt/w102-h200/9a.%20Singer%20Boonville%20Ind.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="102" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-size: medium;">A benign flask featuring Santa Claus from <b>Fred Singer</b> of</span></span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> Booneville. Illinois, belies the tumult being caused by local prohibitionists.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">In July 1916 they reported Singer to the local police for failure to obtain a proper license.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The authorities obliged by raiding him and seizing his entire inventory.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Singer retaliated by demanding an invoice be made of all the alcohol seized and vowed to replace his stock immediately and resume business.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">A</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Booneville newspaper account commented:</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><i style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> The “wet” and “dry” fight here is causing an upheaval in the city’s affairs.” </i><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7WXqn2r8nKjMq0A4P3aVWwCfaNlFrHqE6K8Wagnz1cxT9lxiyMBbaU4qaoBszRxatmEIBYG1TyPdijUxnlB2yEC7OaEYL7Ph1zS-OfNgTTLKHbwwyQfNyp0xUt8ICW9pQCulLph0CKcdayQYysYURK8CXCSGUfcRvcv4Rk6a4q84z6Mg4S4BXAxjmM4bc/s1406/9b.%20Empir%20Liq.%20Atl..jpg-%20L.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1406" data-original-width="777" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7WXqn2r8nKjMq0A4P3aVWwCfaNlFrHqE6K8Wagnz1cxT9lxiyMBbaU4qaoBszRxatmEIBYG1TyPdijUxnlB2yEC7OaEYL7Ph1zS-OfNgTTLKHbwwyQfNyp0xUt8ICW9pQCulLph0CKcdayQYysYURK8CXCSGUfcRvcv4Rk6a4q84z6Mg4S4BXAxjmM4bc/w111-h200/9b.%20Empir%20Liq.%20Atl..jpg-%20L.jpg" width="111" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-size: medium;">The Empire Liquor Co. flask is unusual by appearing on an amber rather than clear bottle and bearing a label that wraps around much of the body.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Located at 43 Peachtree Street in Atlanta, this liquor house was operated by <b>Asher F. Furstenburg.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b>The liquor house first appeared in city directories in 1880 and was in business into the early 1900s.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-size: medium;">Christmas flasks disappeared with the coming of National Prohibition in 1920.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>When Repeal came 14 years later,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Congress passed elaborate new laws on how liquor was to be prepared, labeled, packaged and sold.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Among restrictions were those on giveaway items.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Liquor purveyors could sell their products in special containers for the holidays but they could not give them away.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Thus the tradition of the small gifted Christmas flask was not resurrected.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Most such examples, including all the flasks shown here, are over 100 years old and considered antiques.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
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<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-size: medium;"><b>Note:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b>Thanks go to John Pastor, former publisher of the <i>American Bottle & Glass Collector </i>magazine, bottle auctioneer, and a collector himself of Christmas flasks. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Several of the bottles shown here are from his personal collection.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>To learn more about label-under-glass, see my post of November 1, 2023.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p2"><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><p class="p2"><br /></p>Jack Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01499431800088809848noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6657913448535983609.post-1133625612599769482023-12-14T14:19:00.000-08:002023-12-14T14:19:25.841-08:00 The Kerr Brothers: Buffalo Whiskey Men<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">As armed struggle over slavery between North and South became increasingly likely, in Erie County, New York, Rosetta Tucker, 21, and Patterson Kerr, 25,</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">shown below, produced two boys, Abram, born in 1835 and Albert, seven years later.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">Both Kerr sons were eligible for Civil War service. Abram chose to stay at home and learn the whiskey trade. Albert enlisted in the Union Army and served until the South surrendered in 1865. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="letter-spacing: 0px;">With peace the brothers created Buffalo liquors houses that would endure for almost a half century.</span></span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIC4xnTWHEyX5fU9iqqy0nCLXzVXitut6qx1sxqDgEor757V0147OhhS9u1FThlT-aKWZOwlTjUbGPNPcLRo1RTlVFWVjtd96emRE_t48VoN3_IALLTqpsXx8BXYQTP15YWSPPv9ZMCRi4IXvpK_4VlXs0k2ui6MZX6Kt0gTUTxlOmmhqFW68g15j-co2t/s194/2.%20Rosetta%20H%20Tucker%20Kerr.jpg-%20ACL.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="194" data-original-width="190" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIC4xnTWHEyX5fU9iqqy0nCLXzVXitut6qx1sxqDgEor757V0147OhhS9u1FThlT-aKWZOwlTjUbGPNPcLRo1RTlVFWVjtd96emRE_t48VoN3_IALLTqpsXx8BXYQTP15YWSPPv9ZMCRi4IXvpK_4VlXs0k2ui6MZX6Kt0gTUTxlOmmhqFW68g15j-co2t/w196-h200/2.%20Rosetta%20H%20Tucker%20Kerr.jpg-%20ACL.jpg" width="196" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3PXzY9JqIjVsOrU4kpRIDjXIzR_lSBjPnzn8Qn6aKhcMK81zSTp-om2k8O_pkjMpWmFrvCtAjnGBmy3cObC4p5NJi7_zhKoIvzQr-qcHXCA74feLSlHKPf7W-gUIO3WxqVARe1exLWB3XtFDo7kLNuFMbqNMPUmijcEui9bJIoqVMuEORNh4fn133ynEy/s314/1.%20Patterson%20Kerr.jpg-%20ACR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="314" data-original-width="199" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3PXzY9JqIjVsOrU4kpRIDjXIzR_lSBjPnzn8Qn6aKhcMK81zSTp-om2k8O_pkjMpWmFrvCtAjnGBmy3cObC4p5NJi7_zhKoIvzQr-qcHXCA74feLSlHKPf7W-gUIO3WxqVARe1exLWB3XtFDo7kLNuFMbqNMPUmijcEui9bJIoqVMuEORNh4fn133ynEy/w127-h200/1.%20Patterson%20Kerr.jpg-%20ACR.jpg" width="127" /></a><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">At 19 years Abram moved in 1954 to nearby Buffalo where he worked as store clerk for two years and then two more as a bookkeeper for a plumbing firm.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In 1858, apparently determining that he had learned a sufficient amount of merchandizing and numbers crunching, Abram jumped to the whiskey trade,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>as a partner in a Buffalo liquor house, called Kerr & Laing.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Despite being of draft age, he spent the duration of the Civil War selling whiskey.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Meanwhile, his younger brother, Albert, had enlisted in the 64th New York Infantry in December 1861.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He served as an enlisted man throughout the war, engaging in sixteen major battles, including Gettysburg and Cold Harbor.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Albert witnessed the Appomattox surrender.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>During the war the 64th New York suffered the death of 283 enlisted men and 18 officers.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Albert appears to have been among the more fortunate ones.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>I can find no record of his even being wounded.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He returned a hero to his family.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZ5qbROi-ktujLcvDbP0dFrzqmp5RRao9bLvtFU3fvmgGfQPxXms7e2Q9bm4Nws2g82_Kr1ZrmnGco_1eFqbeQv9iRnzxASA4gOCQuKX9M42g_0C4fbQ8CBT2xx9jg-9vGKZQLvNp6AEd8ZuwFB2fRsxwvJIo6p6jcbbTM7qr6P6jNsT5QBPQqUnhsOH-1/s1246/3.%20Kerr%20ltr%201879-%20det.jpg-%20C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="374" data-original-width="1246" height="120" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZ5qbROi-ktujLcvDbP0dFrzqmp5RRao9bLvtFU3fvmgGfQPxXms7e2Q9bm4Nws2g82_Kr1ZrmnGco_1eFqbeQv9iRnzxASA4gOCQuKX9M42g_0C4fbQ8CBT2xx9jg-9vGKZQLvNp6AEd8ZuwFB2fRsxwvJIo6p6jcbbTM7qr6P6jNsT5QBPQqUnhsOH-1/w400-h120/3.%20Kerr%20ltr%201879-%20det.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgefP2MD1TqzFi9D0BonRV4UNenIQl5YNw4oqPFR8FkgG2QLD4pcuQXaGWJ8-fcO4_0b6P665UL5zWH3CY09H1y3oJD2rjOuMPtUF_M2xLtMtAL7_rn5sl7zj9BJNF80VF9ZZ1Syj9Zwjesv52DDbNA6XYw8Zs5RxuncLKUg60qdcoZ5WnCrZKbxlmMzpf7/s1029/4a.%20%20East%20Seneca%20St.%201890s.jpg-R%20.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="765" data-original-width="1029" height="149" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgefP2MD1TqzFi9D0BonRV4UNenIQl5YNw4oqPFR8FkgG2QLD4pcuQXaGWJ8-fcO4_0b6P665UL5zWH3CY09H1y3oJD2rjOuMPtUF_M2xLtMtAL7_rn5sl7zj9BJNF80VF9ZZ1Syj9Zwjesv52DDbNA6XYw8Zs5RxuncLKUg60qdcoZ5WnCrZKbxlmMzpf7/w200-h149/4a.%20%20East%20Seneca%20St.%201890s.jpg-R%20.jpg" width="200" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">In 1870 Abram broke his partnership to start his own wholesale liquor house at 59</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> Main Street in Buffalo.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Apparently successful from the outset, in 1873 he moved to larger quarters at 99 East Seneca St., A major Buffalo commercial avenue, shown here about 1890, it would be the company location for the next 35 years.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">The building was a brick structure 25 x 125 feet in area, with four floors and cellar</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">for wines and other goods requiring low temperatures.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Abram carried a stock valued then at $30,000, equivalent to $750,000 today. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">In 1875, his brother Albert came to work for him.</span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_Lje88XRur8X2mvFaa4NpKQRV2Rt2YM8pydDMyRqC-8agTr3hJVccRGvDL821a16sNqQsU5HRxZOFD_BxATG45eL-jXnIA8RIovxwmuZjUY0-8kEYMkhy_ehF45q64ht0SgDRvTn0ttyH53l1aC9MdbTDzx5N4cpy6wK_P2lljbCIVCJ5t1yJzHoaOZFo/s998/4b..AT.%20Kerr%20CS.jpg-C.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="283" data-original-width="998" height="114" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi_Lje88XRur8X2mvFaa4NpKQRV2Rt2YM8pydDMyRqC-8agTr3hJVccRGvDL821a16sNqQsU5HRxZOFD_BxATG45eL-jXnIA8RIovxwmuZjUY0-8kEYMkhy_ehF45q64ht0SgDRvTn0ttyH53l1aC9MdbTDzx5N4cpy6wK_P2lljbCIVCJ5t1yJzHoaOZFo/w400-h114/4b..AT.%20Kerr%20CS.jpg-C.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">In the meantime, Abram and Albert both were having a personal lives.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Abram married Rebecca Marshall.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Their first son, Abram T. would be born in 1873 and a second, Frank M. in 1876.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Albert married Francis Price.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>They would have four sons, including George A., born in 1871;<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Fred H., 1873; Albert D., 1876, and Harry P., 1876.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Both men were able to house, clothe and feed their families in comfort with the ample proceeds of the Kerr liquor business.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicMDgNyjCpUBUeWlTS9nsE0KeZZPoF1atkt9K7Ro1COorppjB523ZoPXS-5ArlPG9Vd-otygiQKdhNbN6-LCdmQLMLftaQ1p7CeJKXcjpUfJj4sbru8AXhqDxHr8YnMp2JYbEGLPk5x-mXmIMZA02uGn_MZqwoWCt-yIkYcT_PRJmfz-U7cCSGDoGEtlL4/s1006/6.Kerr%20jug.jpg-ACR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1006" data-original-width="786" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicMDgNyjCpUBUeWlTS9nsE0KeZZPoF1atkt9K7Ro1COorppjB523ZoPXS-5ArlPG9Vd-otygiQKdhNbN6-LCdmQLMLftaQ1p7CeJKXcjpUfJj4sbru8AXhqDxHr8YnMp2JYbEGLPk5x-mXmIMZA02uGn_MZqwoWCt-yIkYcT_PRJmfz-U7cCSGDoGEtlL4/w156-h200/6.Kerr%20jug.jpg-ACR.jpg" width="156" /></a><span class="s1"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7p4rd2a4eHf1mdKjNe5EEYXFLGTvvXKX_sgVECYHsdcgZvR8S_zsfFg-eK0gaiND4UQohhtvGGxkxp4QRwZSXjEy3ljcKQRVhyfJGwC5yruTazshPYweosLVUcsOVm5fCbgRqyxZoPHbaUTPYYDmuFKhy9dQvUtYTfVX5cGJgAN1wfmQ_5EVirHzotGSN/s338/5.%20Kerr%20jug%204.jpg-%20ACL.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="338" data-original-width="261" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7p4rd2a4eHf1mdKjNe5EEYXFLGTvvXKX_sgVECYHsdcgZvR8S_zsfFg-eK0gaiND4UQohhtvGGxkxp4QRwZSXjEy3ljcKQRVhyfJGwC5yruTazshPYweosLVUcsOVm5fCbgRqyxZoPHbaUTPYYDmuFKhy9dQvUtYTfVX5cGJgAN1wfmQ_5EVirHzotGSN/w154-h200/5.%20Kerr%20jug%204.jpg-%20ACL.jpg" width="154" /></a></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The Seneca Street quarters gave Abram the space to feature his own brands of whiskey,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>including “Monongahela,” “Adam Crowe,” “Buck Run,” and “Fern Cliff, rye and bourbon advertised to be <i>“distilled for this house and handled exclusively by it.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i>His flagship brand was “Old Amber,” a label that he neglected to trademark, possibly because of the expense and lax enforcement at the time.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Abram sold his liquor to his wholesale customers — saloons, hotels, and restaurants — in a variety of ceramic jugs, several shown here.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVzGu9ZvO3V8oGdzVqxFLQ8UPYuNLIQ_Y60qE6buYNgBJR765zTIpeuzFrUrUs31A3sLMbWIeY81zUxvuDD-FwOqtsbYxbMukNmrOPju4RQjQtCPUOGmlc0c1fnS0WB7MH8Wqtl_qUVcZ0gFtqJeh9SZw3s_n5FT958jfgknYOZ-uWW8dym2qM-TVuZTb7/s381/8.Kerr%20jug%20%232.jpg-ACR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="381" data-original-width="222" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVzGu9ZvO3V8oGdzVqxFLQ8UPYuNLIQ_Y60qE6buYNgBJR765zTIpeuzFrUrUs31A3sLMbWIeY81zUxvuDD-FwOqtsbYxbMukNmrOPju4RQjQtCPUOGmlc0c1fnS0WB7MH8Wqtl_qUVcZ0gFtqJeh9SZw3s_n5FT958jfgknYOZ-uWW8dym2qM-TVuZTb7/w116-h200/8.Kerr%20jug%20%232.jpg-ACR.jpg" width="116" /></a><span class="s1"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0IeEUcfqGEwVUsZnI715Mbd74ARshhmtYJxewaypeTMwgxLxkC_-cm83b4lxY7mfK2fCZeGnuNr9YDq9XXOBWwJnG-fE3JvRLn5sx_cN26V-7XOQCsz_WLPi3Ni8i0u3K5clNnmL4g4fDCq85QZVD99RbpsKr6oHk0uuWXXlkwubPL62AXL2QOsssy4sW/s1259/7.%20Kerr%20jug%205.jpg-ACL.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1259" data-original-width="879" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0IeEUcfqGEwVUsZnI715Mbd74ARshhmtYJxewaypeTMwgxLxkC_-cm83b4lxY7mfK2fCZeGnuNr9YDq9XXOBWwJnG-fE3JvRLn5sx_cN26V-7XOQCsz_WLPi3Ni8i0u3K5clNnmL4g4fDCq85QZVD99RbpsKr6oHk0uuWXXlkwubPL62AXL2QOsssy4sW/w139-h200/7.%20Kerr%20jug%205.jpg-ACL.jpg" width="139" /></a></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">A “puff piece “ in an 1885 Buffalo directory commented:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i>“For twenty-five years connected with the business interests of Buffalo, the head of the house, Mr. A.T. Kerr, has secured for himself an enviable name in the trade; and those who appreciate a first class article in wines and liquors of any kind should bear in mind the house of A.T. Kerr & Co.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i>The piece goes on to extoll the the “fair and gentlemanly treatment” to be found at Abram’s establishment whose customer base was said to include Western New York and adjacent Pennsylvania.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">After almost three decades at the head of the liquor house that bore his name, Abram died at the age of 64.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>His demise caused a split in the family.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He had left his worldly goods, including the liquor business, to his widow, Rebecca. His son Frank Kerr, who was already working at the establishment, quickly claimed the presidency.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He was only 23 tears old.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Albert, his uncle, after more than two decades years working side by side with Abram, was, in effect, “left out in the cold.”</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-Nl6s2VVq264ci6-DuKZTFUdmIYBn-FQMP7-J8xHpedqth5Ukx2riOJLkPMk4TDMe0gfdJdaOeotX_qw_iElIsJhD3ok76WxO96nABtLgJsqFvoOlBs3BRSb9yGAJinJmO_OGPs95MRVQX2plxpfs9EviVGQkd4uWKYteT0x6OCuG7osLfmKcMDTqdIje/s374/9a.%20Two%20firms-1903dir-%20L.tiff" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="123" data-original-width="374" height="105" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-Nl6s2VVq264ci6-DuKZTFUdmIYBn-FQMP7-J8xHpedqth5Ukx2riOJLkPMk4TDMe0gfdJdaOeotX_qw_iElIsJhD3ok76WxO96nABtLgJsqFvoOlBs3BRSb9yGAJinJmO_OGPs95MRVQX2plxpfs9EviVGQkd4uWKYteT0x6OCuG7osLfmKcMDTqdIje/s320/9a.%20Two%20firms-1903dir-%20L.tiff" width="320" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Albert retaliated by quitting and opening his own competing liquor business several doors away at 85 Seneca Street.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Shown here is a 1903 city directory listing for both.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The competition was destined to last only a short time.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>In 1903, only four years after Abram’s death, Frank Kerr at 27 years old suddenly died.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The liquor house bearing his father’s name struggled along until 1906 and then went permanently out of business, leaving Albert to carry on the Kerr tradition in alcohol.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Albert wasted no time in cloaking himself in the mantle of Abram’s success, implying in ads that he was responsible for establishing the business on Seneca Street and had blended whiskey there ever since.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Headlining a story <i>“A.D. Kerr Company Has Been in Distilling Business Half Century,”</i> the<i> Buffalo News</i> opined:<i><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>“It is therefore one of the oldest whiskey stores in Western New York.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i>The article completely ignored Abram’s role, or that Albert had joined his brother’s business in 1875, or that A.D. Kerr Co. had existed only since 1903 — far short of the half century mark.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"><br /></span></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9EL2jS5ccsrMg5Bx0SLdNkW0N2EMrx5DVu-1IgB8l7OlDppMv2yS_ApGk16DFifmXU7w8iUC29DNwcFJBhcyoV89qhsh6N4HYpCRUyDS3SLzQq1hBepDyz11KBE8V1f8lQ9mv-5QK9DSATzRHzuP5BDTNqpChL1ZYc4-OjhNujVY_sgPxbZ0o5zXwNdq9/s1495/9c.%20Old%20Amberbottle%20bondd.jpg=ACR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1495" data-original-width="588" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9EL2jS5ccsrMg5Bx0SLdNkW0N2EMrx5DVu-1IgB8l7OlDppMv2yS_ApGk16DFifmXU7w8iUC29DNwcFJBhcyoV89qhsh6N4HYpCRUyDS3SLzQq1hBepDyz11KBE8V1f8lQ9mv-5QK9DSATzRHzuP5BDTNqpChL1ZYc4-OjhNujVY_sgPxbZ0o5zXwNdq9/w79-h200/9c.%20Old%20Amberbottle%20bondd.jpg=ACR.jpg" width="79" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKpp9fZcE1ItcQFFvBA_E9fckE0xrowvQHbrrRihYFNdslC2IMOzO5mqkYm9ZmL2bANPOT6xClMfB1l3M2vncDeYxeTatYVv2fIObNCG6RHr6cw2Q4DlLt-xjIAIAOdcGVN-06GK1iRz_PpgyaXbUJiMfICX7jEGChkjMPnVIH2tCFs-ibpxhtyolcsNxx/s728/9b.%20AD%20Kerr%20Old%20Amber%20bot.-ACL.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="728" data-original-width="372" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKpp9fZcE1ItcQFFvBA_E9fckE0xrowvQHbrrRihYFNdslC2IMOzO5mqkYm9ZmL2bANPOT6xClMfB1l3M2vncDeYxeTatYVv2fIObNCG6RHr6cw2Q4DlLt-xjIAIAOdcGVN-06GK1iRz_PpgyaXbUJiMfICX7jEGChkjMPnVIH2tCFs-ibpxhtyolcsNxx/w102-h200/9b.%20AD%20Kerr%20Old%20Amber%20bot.-ACL.jpg" width="102" /></a></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUd2Ip6E49GtI7bzoMubLgl6PlTdnaRmz-EXpXyAZ2COpiJYL1ipy9UQQKj2paapokpkJZNcUx3bKPhY1ydtBSBZSIJKFCInRSEL_WExhSwbXPggsSSWi1HlG8qWg8Ac6YgE2QhzswHrHkYWCD5uD_h-TamIz-KmSKbY_6iPqyDUAgY9OQsTpInzHVQ2_h/s1203/9d.%20AD%20Kerr%20fancy%20jug.jpg-R.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1203" data-original-width="741" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUd2Ip6E49GtI7bzoMubLgl6PlTdnaRmz-EXpXyAZ2COpiJYL1ipy9UQQKj2paapokpkJZNcUx3bKPhY1ydtBSBZSIJKFCInRSEL_WExhSwbXPggsSSWi1HlG8qWg8Ac6YgE2QhzswHrHkYWCD5uD_h-TamIz-KmSKbY_6iPqyDUAgY9OQsTpInzHVQ2_h/w123-h200/9d.%20AD%20Kerr%20fancy%20jug.jpg-R.jpg" width="123" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Nonetheless, Albert set his own mark in Buffalo. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Early on the he took ownership of</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> the “Old Amber Whiskey” brand,</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">trademarking it in 1906.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">He also introduced several new proprietary brands, all blends. They included “Kerr’s Genuine Rye,”</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">“Onondaga Whiskey” and “Russett Whiskey.”</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Albert sold some whiskeys in ornate jugs, designed to stand out “back of the bar” and on store shelves.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Below are two views of a decorated jug advertising his liquor house crafted by the Fulper Pottery of Flemington, New Jersey.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMQo93ggCjRys61VVIdEIqK4vJeadWstTJtT_wUZHnsF-NHczhuGY8Raa5pBo6NVJWAN6QbnFR4oalYAIDbaMs5t4u5OzbXSokKmbei6o7BljIQkfSYcSe7DcFGgQVyhrpxun5pkZoBXbIjqhRkO3mSfFVe5Ys2vl2b2qMnyZNatZGr8kD-GCL-2MOKCw6/s1600/9f.%20AD%20Fulper%202.jpg-ACR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="961" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiMQo93ggCjRys61VVIdEIqK4vJeadWstTJtT_wUZHnsF-NHczhuGY8Raa5pBo6NVJWAN6QbnFR4oalYAIDbaMs5t4u5OzbXSokKmbei6o7BljIQkfSYcSe7DcFGgQVyhrpxun5pkZoBXbIjqhRkO3mSfFVe5Ys2vl2b2qMnyZNatZGr8kD-GCL-2MOKCw6/w120-h200/9f.%20AD%20Fulper%202.jpg-ACR.jpg" width="120" /></a></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIKvf6q4KFY3AV1v3V93qUZyWe520plGD0-qxXZEDKnVqMMdyScAkd9Uaztsc535rkrI4YoHm3WXchzgxehtlxGlhvpZBlkRE50qG4ZB38X4q-rIuAfYc61SOJbyVkWuk13nIzucV19RthPLfMgsiRec1VljOyRfiHMm4xCqoYxR68rqzbJ-bMHWJPsvnd/s1387/9e.%20AD%20Fulper%201.jpg-ACL.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1387" data-original-width="817" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIKvf6q4KFY3AV1v3V93qUZyWe520plGD0-qxXZEDKnVqMMdyScAkd9Uaztsc535rkrI4YoHm3WXchzgxehtlxGlhvpZBlkRE50qG4ZB38X4q-rIuAfYc61SOJbyVkWuk13nIzucV19RthPLfMgsiRec1VljOyRfiHMm4xCqoYxR68rqzbJ-bMHWJPsvnd/w118-h200/9e.%20AD%20Fulper%201.jpg-ACL.jpg" width="118" /></a></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Albert employed five traveling salesmen who covered New York as far east as Utica and Northwestern Pennsylvania.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>He brought into the company his son, George, to assist in management. As a premier “bottled-in-bond” Kentucky bourbon, Albert added “Beechwood Whiskey” to his offerings.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>That quality </span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">brand was the product of the Vogt - Applegate Company of Louisville [</span><i style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">See post on Applegate, June 21, 2012.]</i></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><i></i></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Already in his 60s when he founded A. D. Kerr, Albert’s health declined over the<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>next decade and he died in 1916, having run his liquor house for just over a dozen years.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Already pressed by prohibitionary forces, the company in effect died with him.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Albert was buried in Buffalo’s Forest Lawn Cemetery in a Kerr family plot.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Abram’s resting place is not far away.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Their proximity is a reminder that even though the lives of the Kerr brothers were closely intertwined, generational outcomes are not easily predicted.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwwGDmZZCyFAaVkLSut1NEWhv1lSG8XSvjRp_FLe4aDc1THlFhqn4Fpn6TVvbLghIyPalFr7jWvwKpoJnuxAZY7i8NIHmYyiHPZjcBxt-pgHA6oLJv1Ha92R83NuGyg62XBtT53V4ZNrRivhj1k2ZWOjFwku-3YINLDG9lKygvfnVzvF4PQ9Qyeh4nQw2T/s513/9h.%20Albert%20gravestone-%20ACR.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="470" data-original-width="513" height="183" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhwwGDmZZCyFAaVkLSut1NEWhv1lSG8XSvjRp_FLe4aDc1THlFhqn4Fpn6TVvbLghIyPalFr7jWvwKpoJnuxAZY7i8NIHmYyiHPZjcBxt-pgHA6oLJv1Ha92R83NuGyg62XBtT53V4ZNrRivhj1k2ZWOjFwku-3YINLDG9lKygvfnVzvF4PQ9Qyeh4nQw2T/w200-h183/9h.%20Albert%20gravestone-%20ACR.jpg" width="200" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5nelI7JHYMTtUEW_1CSpMSa3n-UDZV0Zv4g6ve1FO7neUmByWMwyWCY8jbo8FGATpVH9p7gyeTOsAP5dj4dPvGPZLqqDDHiwNkZ-E1pKgN0cmigUGPhtffJkdPIskzTCY5UNiLUiHpV9cqxk7fhSn5QK2-hpOi68x70cRNUnWXtjSCf-dgRnWtXgxmYqJ/s716/9g.%20Abram%20gravestone=%20ACL.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="551" data-original-width="716" height="154" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5nelI7JHYMTtUEW_1CSpMSa3n-UDZV0Zv4g6ve1FO7neUmByWMwyWCY8jbo8FGATpVH9p7gyeTOsAP5dj4dPvGPZLqqDDHiwNkZ-E1pKgN0cmigUGPhtffJkdPIskzTCY5UNiLUiHpV9cqxk7fhSn5QK2-hpOi68x70cRNUnWXtjSCf-dgRnWtXgxmYqJ/w200-h154/9g.%20Abram%20gravestone=%20ACL.jpg" width="200" /></a></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s1" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><b>Note:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b> This post was researched from a wide number of sources of which two were particularly important: <a href="http://ancestry.com"><span class="s2">ancestry.com</span></a></span><span class="s2" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> and</span><span class="s1" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> “Find a Grave.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Although I was able to find and include pictures of the parents of the Kerr brothers, I have not discovered photos of either. I am hoping some alert relative will see this post and help fill that gap.</span></p>
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</style>Jack Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01499431800088809848noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6657913448535983609.post-13522756316662774942023-12-11T07:17:00.000-08:002023-12-11T07:34:23.502-08:00 Oshkosh’s John Thielen in Good Times—and Bad<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: arial;"> </span><b style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"><i>Foreword:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i></b><i style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> In the past when I am researching a “whiskey man:” and come across a previously published article on a potential subject that is as complete and informative as anything I could do, I<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>often contact the author asking for permission to reprint it.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The article below was written and provided illustrations by Lee Reiherzer of Oshkosh, Wisconsin. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Lee graciously has given me permission to include it on this website.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>It is presented here with minor editing.</i></span></p><p class="p1">
</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhReqNL5HcW6xdiNgviSIcu80OgL1SFZwqGLeMJ87KyPYe823o3lNrUVkPlVXDJJEEETsmjBJaJ3hfBqZ3SaJQjFfe6O_ALM4xd3fCOdPT5_zn7c7Siq1eBDPSVrUWd2LWQroNBJYO-Qff04BnUeEbizwOg4MqCP6yWxm1UaK8ZOQslVdBvayNEHylIa9uk/s640/1.%20Thielen%20ad%20for%20whiskey.jpg_C.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="458" data-original-width="640" height="229" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhReqNL5HcW6xdiNgviSIcu80OgL1SFZwqGLeMJ87KyPYe823o3lNrUVkPlVXDJJEEETsmjBJaJ3hfBqZ3SaJQjFfe6O_ALM4xd3fCOdPT5_zn7c7Siq1eBDPSVrUWd2LWQroNBJYO-Qff04BnUeEbizwOg4MqCP6yWxm1UaK8ZOQslVdBvayNEHylIa9uk/s320/1.%20Thielen%20ad%20for%20whiskey.jpg_C.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span class="s2" style="font-size: medium;"><i></i></span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOBq3alSQz54SSHP9N1hyphenhyphen5qy-SrvMzBA8aEibMlqjKPESoDQXVtybOY-ekQmmsFa_HdDS3gzCrCzye7dZH2_054nZInlJDeTdVkrJ5A1XLzF1awEgaNLPLi55qWfRn6L-zaLiSmIhSHPQFBbt1e8KIiPWEjr96F9M0eZYOYI40jRLH-vI83jlFYeTnCjCj/s213/2.%20John%20Thielen%20crppd.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="171" data-original-width="213" height="171" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOBq3alSQz54SSHP9N1hyphenhyphen5qy-SrvMzBA8aEibMlqjKPESoDQXVtybOY-ekQmmsFa_HdDS3gzCrCzye7dZH2_054nZInlJDeTdVkrJ5A1XLzF1awEgaNLPLi55qWfRn6L-zaLiSmIhSHPQFBbt1e8KIiPWEjr96F9M0eZYOYI40jRLH-vI83jlFYeTnCjCj/s1600/2.%20John%20Thielen%20crppd.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="213" /></span></a><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;">Once upon a time, there was a whiskey distillery at the northern edge of Oshkosh, Wisconsin, in an area called Keenville. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;">Keenville came about as a locale in the late 1800s. The name was a corruption of Kien, the surname of the family that had settled there in the early 1850s. John Kien had brought his family to Winnebago County after failing to strike it rich in the California Gold Rush of 1849. He bought 40 acres of land that stretched along the shore of Lake Winnebago south of Asylum Bay. The Kien family established a farm there. On that farm John Thielen, shown here, established a distillery.</span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">John Thielen was born in Germany in 1849. He was 15 when he sailed across the Atlantic with his parents and siblings. They landed in New York and went straight to Oshkosh. Thielen's father, Peter, opened a saloon on the east side of Main Street just north of Washington. John Thielen and his brothers Frank and Paul came of age working in that saloon. The Thielen boys would be a force in the Oshkosh business trade for the next 50 years.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">At 25, Thielen went out on his own. Over the next two decades, he was involved in five separate Downton Oshkosh saloons. He also became a wholesaler. Thielen imported whiskey, brandy, gin, porter, and wine into Oshkosh and distributed it to saloons throughout the area. He made a small fortune. To the friends of Temperance, Thielen was evil incarnate. To the saloon keepers, he was the hub around which the booze scene spun.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The John Thielen family home built in 1889 still stands at what is now 319 E. Irving.</span></span></p>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4qMPvwVAL6uxeaKoMS2eqNviQHgASx7xjAq4_Loo1pJqxW-tgX9UmePuNW5WXM4Cct7zslw3fqE1HsNSM-m6dwbfank8i54oy66x3wLR6Q18Kqx_lK0MCz58BCMiQZL1tdB_Rc16pTEvPqqK_AOWDhkUict-I8ObZqcOlyC8eYe7bMOA7qRIgC1ZfGEAm/s640/3.%20Thielen%20house.jpg-C.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="502" data-original-width="640" height="251" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4qMPvwVAL6uxeaKoMS2eqNviQHgASx7xjAq4_Loo1pJqxW-tgX9UmePuNW5WXM4Cct7zslw3fqE1HsNSM-m6dwbfank8i54oy66x3wLR6Q18Kqx_lK0MCz58BCMiQZL1tdB_Rc16pTEvPqqK_AOWDhkUict-I8ObZqcOlyC8eYe7bMOA7qRIgC1ZfGEAm/s320/3.%20Thielen%20house.jpg-C.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span class="s2" style="font-size: medium;"></span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;">In 1891, Thielen moved his base of operations into a new building at the southwest corner of Washington and State. The construction had been initiated by August Uihlein, president of Schlitz Brewing Company. Local prohibitionists had been protesting it ever since discovering that Schlitz had purchased the land and had hired William Waters to design what would come to be known as the Uihlein Block.</span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUrXZkWYJNyLsnRPRn8Dvu9njLTMwlYbTS7p9pyPzHIDjOCseT3yvIEaCXJKZs9M8OXB4FaWYYhdNw9ktS_SC5e7yPBMW6OvoCYdIyRtcwj4N7f_F3cUJNrgu_D2grv4gM_XvIg8cIiShox2ROyqQtzZETQj44x5Xf8LbKDp4khbp8n5nqAZd3inxQHCt3/s775/4a.Thielin%20move%20ad.jp-L.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="775" data-original-width="432" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUrXZkWYJNyLsnRPRn8Dvu9njLTMwlYbTS7p9pyPzHIDjOCseT3yvIEaCXJKZs9M8OXB4FaWYYhdNw9ktS_SC5e7yPBMW6OvoCYdIyRtcwj4N7f_F3cUJNrgu_D2grv4gM_XvIg8cIiShox2ROyqQtzZETQj44x5Xf8LbKDp4khbp8n5nqAZd3inxQHCt3/w111-h200/4a.Thielin%20move%20ad.jp-L.jpg" width="111" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;">Uihlein responded with a lavish beer hall that he put in the corner unit of the building. Then cameThielen. He announced he would fill the two most westerly storefronts wall-to-wall with booze. The </span><i style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;">Daily Northwestern</i><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;"> reported that </span><i style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;">"Mr. Thielen intends to enlarge his business and to fit up the finest wholesale liquor store in the west.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px; text-align: justify;">Below is The Uihlein Block at the southwest corner of Washington and State as drawn by Richard Nebel. Thielen’s portion of the building was addressed as 26 and 28 Washington Ave.</span></span></div>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihbIkqBdS9CnO8j_rutPFAaa6Aucg_cfyWDomMCI_DvdlsSubw5teZmA5EVCSOJPrhdtMa8UQkJhU9b2uafeYMQ-jEeXi4oG5Y4DCmZIlP7sf7QrGjFWou9B3LPT_JzikuXRNNF0GVOsf9-uaK4YSsuNSWr2ifDeLKYHbfA6eTpxgCvbcIG5W3ya2QD-L2/s630/4b.%20Thielen%20store.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="511" data-original-width="630" height="260" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihbIkqBdS9CnO8j_rutPFAaa6Aucg_cfyWDomMCI_DvdlsSubw5teZmA5EVCSOJPrhdtMa8UQkJhU9b2uafeYMQ-jEeXi4oG5Y4DCmZIlP7sf7QrGjFWou9B3LPT_JzikuXRNNF0GVOsf9-uaK4YSsuNSWr2ifDeLKYHbfA6eTpxgCvbcIG5W3ya2QD-L2/s320/4b.%20Thielen%20store.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span class="s2" style="font-size: medium;"></span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Silver Spring Whiskey:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>And then came the distillery. The plan for it was formalized in the winter and spring of 1892. Thielen had brought the idea to John Kien, the son of the namesake of Keenville. Thielen wanted to build a distillery on the Kien family farm. By the end of May, the deal was sealed. The Silver Spring Distillery was born.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>It is seen here in a circa 1900 drawing:</span></span></p>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEja5-xuc8SIgP3Ujo_d_ufhRWCsainCWkkrjur81L6DKGZJL6IQb7FOg3f14RAwl2IpdHbQ_bG7MDhZShT7iCL_FjhMfAKaOcM-naF4SB9MB6q1vkxmZmk6k0jY8JK4J80hpz5Aea5BMHBPho7VJwlMu1lCp8A1Tj-tf7POSQH_bhMGbPm3tRI2oFv8aGpm/s640/5.%20Thielen%20Distllery.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="380" data-original-width="640" height="238" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEja5-xuc8SIgP3Ujo_d_ufhRWCsainCWkkrjur81L6DKGZJL6IQb7FOg3f14RAwl2IpdHbQ_bG7MDhZShT7iCL_FjhMfAKaOcM-naF4SB9MB6q1vkxmZmk6k0jY8JK4J80hpz5Aea5BMHBPho7VJwlMu1lCp8A1Tj-tf7POSQH_bhMGbPm3tRI2oFv8aGpm/w400-h238/5.%20Thielen%20Distllery.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="400" /></span></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span class="s2" style="font-size: medium;"></span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">At least that's what it was called in the articles of incorporation. Thielen, president of the company, and Kien, vice-president, were casual about the name. Early on, it was referred to as the Silver Spring Distillery, the Oshkosh Distilling Company, and the Thielen and Kien Distillery. They later changed it to the John Thielen Distilling Company. No matter the moniker, by June of 1892 They were making whiskey in Keenville.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;">This was not a boutique distillery. It was a farm-based whiskey factory said to be able to pump out 700 gallons of hot liquor a day. The grain used to make that alcohol was grown by area farmers and malted at the Horn and Schwalm Brewery on Doty Street. The distillery's production resulted in so much spent mash that 50 head of cattle were kept on-premise to devour it. When the calves grew fat enough, they were sold off for meat and replaced with a new herd.</span></p><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5G1qZUGSLTFr47JT3wmhS1SYmWC0WMISxZHF8c_LK45ad4NFbebPSRPreAXRNaKqqh5mcx7jdBXzhxICKpwiIzqHX2BZynLQcn4227NjNq0-TCxWpzgYtmZCBrNN4sasNFDkLjgA4RrL2gSMo3xvy1V4XmTBl0NY2J63vLG2DBCTiKcL-gn6v2PMpOgt-/s640/6b.%20Bitters%20bots.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="640" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5G1qZUGSLTFr47JT3wmhS1SYmWC0WMISxZHF8c_LK45ad4NFbebPSRPreAXRNaKqqh5mcx7jdBXzhxICKpwiIzqHX2BZynLQcn4227NjNq0-TCxWpzgYtmZCBrNN4sasNFDkLjgA4RrL2gSMo3xvy1V4XmTBl0NY2J63vLG2DBCTiKcL-gn6v2PMpOgt-/s320/6b.%20Bitters%20bots.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOZ5dzElOfPfCZGyaDKN1QHLnLZNTDNjV5jhXR9nMwYIeb5Ou7fOXczT7i9pVfYNQxVpIMOpL4FVBiz-x9L8b6jDpXXRBRABLgH9qXpBBhtlm9pw8M8X2orAxh0-3Uae9vc3JxLxmUw8xNZKgBMkIF8FsOrnW4LXlArcaWfALW3rYBaOeZ2922XRLUkwqb/s464/6a.ThielenLogo.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="464" data-original-width="432" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOZ5dzElOfPfCZGyaDKN1QHLnLZNTDNjV5jhXR9nMwYIeb5Ou7fOXczT7i9pVfYNQxVpIMOpL4FVBiz-x9L8b6jDpXXRBRABLgH9qXpBBhtlm9pw8M8X2orAxh0-3Uae9vc3JxLxmUw8xNZKgBMkIF8FsOrnW4LXlArcaWfALW3rYBaOeZ2922XRLUkwqb/w186-h200/6a.ThielenLogo.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="186" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial;">Thielen and Kien had whiskey on the market in a matter of months (not uncommon for the period). The flagship brand was Silver Spring Pure Rye Malt Whisky. It sold well.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The first of several expansions to the distillery was initiated just a year after the operation had gotten underway. A malting facility was also added. At the close of 1892, Thielen told the <i>Daily Northwestern</i> that the distillery would begin running day and night to meet demand.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: arial;">As an adjunct to his whiskey sales Thielen also was selling a brand of stomach bitters.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The early success caught the attention of a predator.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>For some weeks past, a New York Whisky Trust had been trying to buy up all the distilleries in this section, and a report had been current that the Oshkosh Distilling company would join the trust. John Thielen, one of the officers of the company, said the Trust had made a great attempt to gain control of the local distillery, but that the company would not sell under any circumstance.—<i>Oshkosh Daily Northwestern;</i> December 13, 1892.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Thielen said he had turned down "a large amount of money" for the distillery and that he planned to take the New Yorkers head on. There would be days to come when he must have regretted that set of decisions.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;">For all its apparent success, Thielen's distillery was beset with problems almost from the start. In the late summer of 1893, the still collapsed halting production for a time. Thielen blamed the accident on the plant's distiller, Herman Wraas. Thielen fired him. Wraas sued. Thielen was vindicated, but now he had neither a functioning still nor anyone capable of running his distillery.</span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">A more serious issue followed. The Panic of 1893 triggered an economic depression that pummeled Oshkosh. Thielen, caught short in the midst of it, was unable to pay the federal taxes he owed on the liquor he was making. By year’s end, the US Government had placed a series of liens on the distillery that brought the battered business to its knees. It would take Thielen and Kien years to work through their tax issues. In the meantime, the distillery went dry.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">There are conflicting reports as to when production at the distillery ceased. One source puts the date at 1896. Another indicates the distillery was producing at least some liquor as late as 1897. In any case, the distillery was completely idle for no less than two years.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Thielen’s notoriety continued to grow while the distillery lay in wait. He was the sole U.S. agent of a popular (and probably alcohol-based) tonic named Dr. Mampes Herb Stomach Bitters. Each bottle came with Thielen’s name embossed on the back. Bottle photo courtesy of Peachridge Glass:</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The distillery's tax issues were finally resolved in 1899. And in December that year, the business was formally reorganized under the name John Thielen Distilling Company. Thielen was still the president. John Kien stayed on as vice-president. And In January of 1900 they got back to making whiskey.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Thielen’s distillery seemed to have been forgotten. Upon its reopening the <i>Daily Northwestern</i> remarked that <i>"Few persons are cognizant of the fact that a few miles north of Oshkosh is located the most extensive distillery outside of the two in Milwaukee."</i></span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Those who did remember would have been surprised by the reincarnation. The entire plant had been made over. A new, continuous-run column still replaced the old pot still. A steel-roller mill took the place of the burr grinder that was used for crushing malt. Thielen hired an experienced distiller from Peoria, Illinois named William Miller to run the plant, which was now feeding two iron-clad, bonded warehouses. The Thielen distillery had grown into the third largest of the five then in Wisconsin. The larger facilities were in Milwaukee. The others were in Sheboygan and Waupaca counties.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Sanborn Map, 1903.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXfuFOrLGHWlrNGlcGbaNzTnPD17kjrndik7HrOh7qqL9_AgGVKca_wGeF2i_dWiosIaw3ORGxE-9omFIlFrlKG2HEZUCJcbsDE6vNBI2EAQYQ3Mw1enB_9KvFqUWN_BnfyHiHFb0tMpI-0uy7N9Lep9PFT5KHx9bnLsIBI2dp6S0ln98yx1rt0HUeuHBg/s638/7.Map%20of%20dist.%20.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="328" data-original-width="638" height="165" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXfuFOrLGHWlrNGlcGbaNzTnPD17kjrndik7HrOh7qqL9_AgGVKca_wGeF2i_dWiosIaw3ORGxE-9omFIlFrlKG2HEZUCJcbsDE6vNBI2EAQYQ3Mw1enB_9KvFqUWN_BnfyHiHFb0tMpI-0uy7N9Lep9PFT5KHx9bnLsIBI2dp6S0ln98yx1rt0HUeuHBg/s320/7.Map%20of%20dist.%20.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2" style="font-size: medium;"></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgULMbyzwt01jCVqQWBz0EYb5YdaJ63rFU-B8yZXtzZrjFgw22yTjfDu895_xha7YECd8j1LnuwKbs8hBAOsJEJxCA6-Sg8gbv-siiWjyX_xfyoZngiamfgASSQIzp4PbremX9f-oZvTpwmxDzVB6r3xaAaVexT7_rwai1gqYxt2773uaRsO3mcuigh-PEB/s640/9b.%20Old%20Badger%20Club%20bot..jpg-R.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="640" data-original-width="331" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgULMbyzwt01jCVqQWBz0EYb5YdaJ63rFU-B8yZXtzZrjFgw22yTjfDu895_xha7YECd8j1LnuwKbs8hBAOsJEJxCA6-Sg8gbv-siiWjyX_xfyoZngiamfgASSQIzp4PbremX9f-oZvTpwmxDzVB6r3xaAaVexT7_rwai1gqYxt2773uaRsO3mcuigh-PEB/w104-h200/9b.%20Old%20Badger%20Club%20bot..jpg-R.jpg" width="104" /></span></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOWevx5e-zS_VNsEMkz13mPG5CGKXESrucKYTTRp3G0yXXugJNASbYBCi_AOUoNJMvICA3-jDLJxsPNP0N8eLUE7HO5JAZN-9Mi_EnusQBw4Tf5xmpakjT72zu_dMxUeSfvpm4o2iy1ER4xpHHBQKMhSjHXhZxNTssdx1CGUqgyde9OrmTlLclp9_FNs74/s389/8.%20RRP1802.jpg-%20L.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="389" data-original-width="307" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOWevx5e-zS_VNsEMkz13mPG5CGKXESrucKYTTRp3G0yXXugJNASbYBCi_AOUoNJMvICA3-jDLJxsPNP0N8eLUE7HO5JAZN-9Mi_EnusQBw4Tf5xmpakjT72zu_dMxUeSfvpm4o2iy1ER4xpHHBQKMhSjHXhZxNTssdx1CGUqgyde9OrmTlLclp9_FNs74/w158-h200/8.%20RRP1802.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="158" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial;">The reopening came with a new label. The Silver Spring brand was ditched. The new flagship</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> whiskey was called Badger Club.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Badger Club was a rye whiskey. It was accompanied by another rye whiskey, a lower-shelf brand named “Bell of Wisconsin.” And then there was “Thielen's Malt Whiskey.” This one was aimed at a different crowd. Thielen's Malt Whiskey was advertised as if it were a medicine. It was sold in drug stores for $1 a bottle (or about $32 in today's money). It cured nothing but the sobriety of those too genteel for social drinking.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">It cost Thielen about 25 cents to produce a gallon of whiskey. The tax on that gallon was $1.10. That same gallon sold, on average, for more than $4. In addition, Thielen had his own distribution using the wholesale network he had built through his dealership on Washington Avenue. He was now selling alcohol well outside of the Oshkosh area. Everything was in place. But for some reason, it never panned out.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhV-bvEf2vkX9Aj1HRJOMpdtnarHLuibLLxmWFBaEnW3kJKucX1ZCVHhlHjHJqa6h5RwhMZWj4gUAsPNptCujxCZWPSAdM6kSn2qq25D0Ww3ldMUXpVwBeMfplhgsuB-F8fegZ7HlQ3n4BVOGw63QjNQ23A3xSfisl2RqCpWAiVeZ_DlNuXf5UtHyEivnhP/s639/9a.%20Ad%202.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="438" data-original-width="639" height="219" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhV-bvEf2vkX9Aj1HRJOMpdtnarHLuibLLxmWFBaEnW3kJKucX1ZCVHhlHjHJqa6h5RwhMZWj4gUAsPNptCujxCZWPSAdM6kSn2qq25D0Ww3ldMUXpVwBeMfplhgsuB-F8fegZ7HlQ3n4BVOGw63QjNQ23A3xSfisl2RqCpWAiVeZ_DlNuXf5UtHyEivnhP/s320/9a.%20Ad%202.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2" style="font-size: medium;"></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2">By mid-decade, Thielen's distillery had fallen on hard times again. The issues that led to this decline were never aired publicly. But by 1905, Thielen was clearly pulling back from the operation. His withdrawal coincided with the building of a saloon on the distillery property. The saloon was run by Jess Gokey, an infamous Oshkosh bar keeper and cathouse curator. Gokey had recently moved to the outskirts after a couple of sordid episodes in Oshkosh had raised his profile in the city to a degree that was at odds with his appetite for debauche</span><span class="s1">ry.</span></span></p>
<p class="p3" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;">Incredibly, Jess Gokey came to be in charge of the distillery that bore John Thielen's name. Thielen was out. In early 1906, he even stopped selling the whiskey that still carried his name on the label. The distillery closed soon after. Perhaps there remained some hope for another revival. The business wasn’t officially dissolved until 1909.</span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">John Thielen carried on much like he had before the establishment of his Keenville distillery.His liquor trade on Washington Avenue was still brisk. Thielen also busied himself with several other ventures around town. None of them had anything to do with alcohol. Those days were at an end.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">On January 16, 1919, the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution was ratified. It prohibited the manufacture, transportation, and sale of intoxicating liquors. The new law would take effect a year later. Thielen didn't wait for it. In the summer of 1919, he closed his liquor store and quit the business.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The old distillery burned to the ground two months later.</span></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">With the start of Prohibition just weeks away, the report of the destruction read like a mournful allegory.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Fire completely destroyed the old distillery and the old warehouse of John Thielen on the lake shore near the Oshkosh-Neenah road late Thursday afternoon... The distillery was a mere skeleton, the lumber having been largely removed by petty thievery and only the towering skeleton remained. The old frame structure burned like so much tinder.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><i>“In former years the distillery, operated by John Thielen, was a busy place and many thousands of gallons of whisky were made there, but for years past it has been abandoned and vacant. The locality is known as Keenville.”</i> - Oshkosh <i>Daily Northwestern</i>; October 18, 1919.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A year after the fire, John Thielen left town. He moved with his family to Los Angeles. Thielen died there in 1934 and is buried in Calvary Cemetery in East Los Angeles.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgf-lOeYtuf4PjFmex1XU2anY2fI0vUpiQloPV9T9NqjUf4bwsGvkoUwmVXsP2c8RklmentUC02SF1Fi0qD1eB2Gfl9I9-gLIAUuMlYppu9RBjza8qNAyZDSdY57PJTPex1-_7okkZbIhyRMCAfckrTlicUqazxdmTVOTx3evo_4kDJFjefY3GSa9Xf8k8/s100/9c.Lee_Reiherzer_-jpg-R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="100" data-original-width="100" height="100" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgf-lOeYtuf4PjFmex1XU2anY2fI0vUpiQloPV9T9NqjUf4bwsGvkoUwmVXsP2c8RklmentUC02SF1Fi0qD1eB2Gfl9I9-gLIAUuMlYppu9RBjza8qNAyZDSdY57PJTPex1-_7okkZbIhyRMCAfckrTlicUqazxdmTVOTx3evo_4kDJFjefY3GSa9Xf8k8/s1600/9c.Lee_Reiherzer_-jpg-R.jpg" width="100" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>Notes:</b><i><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i> Lee Reiherzer, shown here, is an Oshkosh journalist whose website is entitled “Oshkosh</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> Beer:</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">A History of Beer, Breweries and Saloons in Oshkosh, Wisconsin.”</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">It is available on Facebook.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">His most recent book is </span><i style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Winnebago County Beer:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>A Heady History,” </i><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">available from Amazon Books</span><i style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">My sincere thanks to Lee for allowing me to reprint this story of a pre-Prohibition whiskey man beset by challenges from several sides.</span></span></p>
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</style>Jack Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01499431800088809848noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6657913448535983609.post-17132367469867515542023-12-07T06:54:00.000-08:002023-12-21T05:27:11.545-08:00James Kelly—Out of the Shadows, Into the Spotlight<p style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8aB7couTtaNl5uI2ggUqP54_pXKn_UPeqYMVmLX_jOGw7JiT6fTLjbwQs-D9DcKqz0W0iK934Q3yJIfdFSrd1-5hE70ccqaGt7TFLzIezKa5oS8_Gn85OkWfQmsijn3DE-R1bq2LVHYzKSS-eMZki5WBFQ0RgtQNbrYASt1pDGjbiK80L16BNlPjhNOO_/s260/1.%20Kelly%20pix.jpg-L.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="260" data-original-width="175" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8aB7couTtaNl5uI2ggUqP54_pXKn_UPeqYMVmLX_jOGw7JiT6fTLjbwQs-D9DcKqz0W0iK934Q3yJIfdFSrd1-5hE70ccqaGt7TFLzIezKa5oS8_Gn85OkWfQmsijn3DE-R1bq2LVHYzKSS-eMZki5WBFQ0RgtQNbrYASt1pDGjbiK80L16BNlPjhNOO_/w135-h200/1.%20Kelly%20pix.jpg-L.jpg" width="135" /></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Pictured here, James B. Kelly, a New York City liquor dealer, seemingly lived much of his life in the shadows, perhaps avoiding federal authorities.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">By giving his name to an alcoholic</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">“medicinal” bitters called “Kelly’s Old Cabin” —</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">an empty bottle that sold for $45,360 not long ago — Kelly has drawn renewed interest.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Research into his life reveals a few details.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixPtoEp828pKZEowx-CJZxzBH9T2fiGykUCCnGoFX-diejxwSpYvqkAuzYPU5GMA383z3gI6gjnES9kwLSEgBkEFV9y9jpyWJugQS-YF9Rasvs2OaWnrm4OhbizWcqRobF-4SQalG_GI3XsfifI0xEyQH6hkrBPZm-jJLa16csVbejeb_BFTMqMkJyIS_K/s749/2.%20draft-riot-no-draft-C.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="653" data-original-width="749" height="174" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEixPtoEp828pKZEowx-CJZxzBH9T2fiGykUCCnGoFX-diejxwSpYvqkAuzYPU5GMA383z3gI6gjnES9kwLSEgBkEFV9y9jpyWJugQS-YF9Rasvs2OaWnrm4OhbizWcqRobF-4SQalG_GI3XsfifI0xEyQH6hkrBPZm-jJLa16csVbejeb_BFTMqMkJyIS_K/w200-h174/2.%20draft-riot-no-draft-C.jpg" width="200" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Apparently born and educated in New York City, Kelly in 1863</span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> abruptly left The Big Apple for St. Louis, Missouri.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">This move was contemporaneous with the implementation of Civil War conscription.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Kelly’s service record indicates that as an unmarried male of about 24 years old, he was in immediate danger of being drafted into the Union Army. </span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Conscription in New York sparked a massive riot.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">In July 1863, a mob wrecked the main recruiting station. For three days angry men marched through the city, destroying buildings, factories, streetcar lines, and homes.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Dozens were killed before order was restored.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">My surmise is that Kelly had headed out to Missouri where the draft was being indifferently enforced.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">In St. Louis, Kelly teamed up with a liquor dealer and inventor named John Garnhart, 39.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Despite the age difference, the two men seem to have bonded and soon Garnhart changed the name of his liquor house to Garnhardt & Kelly.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Both men were recorded in St. Louis business directories as living in the posh Lindell House, at the time the largest hotel in America.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjC0GlANYuBPokKH_R7qsZE3lE8SLEqXiISwF5szDUc9a91igyLlqdeniTwu4Ir5VboPgpyP7FgmNRCfODFaNzcM0E8jJq2Nq3UZgPV5UywrfsGn4zzKgB8xVNLLLfSxr2ppVOtde9fwtwLqusYU-r5xjTWD3Wd3AqkG0gIcXk70xn2ZtBWZsQoIfl49xva/s311/3.%20Lindell%20Hotel.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="162" data-original-width="311" height="166" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjC0GlANYuBPokKH_R7qsZE3lE8SLEqXiISwF5szDUc9a91igyLlqdeniTwu4Ir5VboPgpyP7FgmNRCfODFaNzcM0E8jJq2Nq3UZgPV5UywrfsGn4zzKgB8xVNLLLfSxr2ppVOtde9fwtwLqusYU-r5xjTWD3Wd3AqkG0gIcXk70xn2ZtBWZsQoIfl49xva/w320-h166/3.%20Lindell%20Hotel.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="320" /></span></a><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Opened in 1863, the Lindell House hotel, shown here, was seven stories and boasted 500 rooms.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The St. Louis Democrat wrote:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><i> “If a boarder wishes to through the wide and lofty corridors before breakfast, he may travel one and a quarter miles without going over the same floor twice.”</i> <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>When a fire broke out about 8 p.m. on March<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>30, 1867, records indicate that both men were living there, a sure sign of affluence. </span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"><br /></span></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgG2yzpmdU0y8tHMI1MLxmFG9Sk5Ak9JYO0vYtcF99S1cc7EU_RPmmfYfHdpiyggjvzyhHWIgfZTCL-Slo_uv1B4rvFgyyfH9eZ1kFUWi8RLRIGZXc7qk3kqh-HxbBwdyaILu1cHsH5-HRcWJWyyClSnRi5UpwAr4Ag2SEcoZdU7qPlNgX9tvyQTTWSYci2/s1199/4.%20HotelFire%201867-%20C.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="901" data-original-width="1199" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgG2yzpmdU0y8tHMI1MLxmFG9Sk5Ak9JYO0vYtcF99S1cc7EU_RPmmfYfHdpiyggjvzyhHWIgfZTCL-Slo_uv1B4rvFgyyfH9eZ1kFUWi8RLRIGZXc7qk3kqh-HxbBwdyaILu1cHsH5-HRcWJWyyClSnRi5UpwAr4Ag2SEcoZdU7qPlNgX9tvyQTTWSYci2/s320/4.%20HotelFire%201867-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Guests initially ignored the flames, thinking that they were safe within the strong, elegant building surrounding them.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>For a time eating, drinking and leisure activities went on.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>As the fire progressed, shown above, all the inhabitants were evacuated into the cold Missouri night.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Not a single life was lost.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The next day the Lindell House was a smoking ruins with the loss equivalent to $25 million dollars.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Kelly and Garnhart subsequently moved to another St. Louis showplace, the equally luxurious Planter’s Hotel.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">During this period the two men were working together to create an intoxicating beverage known as bitters.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Sold as a “medicinal” rather than as liquor the beverage was alcohol infused with botanicals and claimed to have curative properties. Liquor dealers like Garnhart and Kelly had moved to merchandising bitters because of the high war taxes levied by the Lincoln Administration on whiskey.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Bitters, sold as medicine, were not similarly taxed.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwSvAg5tMlBQ4avsDwIksJtyt30dG0LsSXQh15ck4Au0sOjPcXpFPqx88RKOoDCbsHDRDwZM_H3pObvvqWUHI91rYRDsme1IW15Bqh4vl7v1Qo5mSnchoi6ypWyAHCtMNYpExDAOg7DCulesfHx9yuU-tKxbT9FRgsYDFgCFWZIoo7UHGrqLzFg4hRAuLn/s277/6.%20Bitters%20label.jpg-%20R.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="277" data-original-width="189" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwSvAg5tMlBQ4avsDwIksJtyt30dG0LsSXQh15ck4Au0sOjPcXpFPqx88RKOoDCbsHDRDwZM_H3pObvvqWUHI91rYRDsme1IW15Bqh4vl7v1Qo5mSnchoi6ypWyAHCtMNYpExDAOg7DCulesfHx9yuU-tKxbT9FRgsYDFgCFWZIoo7UHGrqLzFg4hRAuLn/w136-h200/6.%20Bitters%20label.jpg-%20R.jpg" width="136" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial;">Past accounts of this partnership often have assumed that it was Kelly who came up </span></span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">with the recipe for the bitters.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Although I have been unable to find proof of that claim, it is possible that the New Yorker had prior experience with such nostrums, perhaps through working in a pharmacy.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">When they mutually had agreed on the ingredients, the partners spared no hyperbole in advertising the curative properties of their concoction.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Shown here, a label touts their bitters as “The Greatest Discovery of the Age” and a remedy for almost any ailment, large or small.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9bak-o8pNiGjRa_kjvMq7IK8Y-dz86x3vyKvbQTh0srnI_55FBH96m2o7NjwKolpzAh6mJX0g2TbxGdpulzDAlspEJGLd9PgyiToZxs67NIajd49KzRTyT0WrFyu1PbQeBoLHNQSCAy3HFYdYjGb6ViaqBwSnXaACQ1pLVF0GhRsL3a4q4xgBfBN8iwSl/s320/7.%20Kelly%20patent.jpg%20-%20jpg-%20c(1).jpg-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Helvetica; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="176" data-original-width="320" height="176" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi9bak-o8pNiGjRa_kjvMq7IK8Y-dz86x3vyKvbQTh0srnI_55FBH96m2o7NjwKolpzAh6mJX0g2TbxGdpulzDAlspEJGLd9PgyiToZxs67NIajd49KzRTyT0WrFyu1PbQeBoLHNQSCAy3HFYdYjGb6ViaqBwSnXaACQ1pLVF0GhRsL3a4q4xgBfBN8iwSl/s1600/7.%20Kelly%20patent.jpg%20-%20jpg-%20c(1).jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">If the origin of the bitters recipe is uncertain, the log cabin bottle in which it was marketed is not.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">In addition to selling whiskey, Garnhart was a designer and inventor.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">His name is on the patent for the log cabin-shaped bottle in which the </span><span style="font-family: arial;">bitters were sold.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial;">My surmise is that attractive decorations on the wooden cases </span><span style="font-family: arial;">in which it was sold also were the work of the talented Garnhardt.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"><br /></span></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqUSGPNXzC5tRuYqAu6a8y71VlXf8Fk2PAXiam2sgJtQNrWlgTRR8VZGkMkJkP197v8769HYisjXrcZGnhqBQwmy1NiaDGDT89NyNO89_5BZ2wxBtbgoJqLYrTrUMNhW-MBiMN2GcONttbBEKGa8W6Dsn52dQ7g4JqvpSRsCAaXO0CFfZ3ZB7wnByoGONV/s309/9a.%20Case%20decoration%202.jpg-%20ACR.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="194" data-original-width="309" height="126" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqUSGPNXzC5tRuYqAu6a8y71VlXf8Fk2PAXiam2sgJtQNrWlgTRR8VZGkMkJkP197v8769HYisjXrcZGnhqBQwmy1NiaDGDT89NyNO89_5BZ2wxBtbgoJqLYrTrUMNhW-MBiMN2GcONttbBEKGa8W6Dsn52dQ7g4JqvpSRsCAaXO0CFfZ3ZB7wnByoGONV/w200-h126/9a.%20Case%20decoration%202.jpg-%20ACR.jpg" width="200" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglxAz0B_N-DAVJh25YHh1c_s92QNc7f5_sWY4XTHo5A77_DzlCwcyM_no39kYjCWtbCNFxpWv5aTTyYCsV2umXHSjc7nomnZl6eE0pW4ONNZMpu5rkNoOIhMaerJSXYUV8Xjp7BT_Equj-9b22MmmXJTqpwc27Tsm9mM50QYR68IoEvQlQ2PVoR38ibr0H/s311/8.%20Case%20decoration%201.jpg-%20ACL.jpg" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="248" data-original-width="311" height="159" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglxAz0B_N-DAVJh25YHh1c_s92QNc7f5_sWY4XTHo5A77_DzlCwcyM_no39kYjCWtbCNFxpWv5aTTyYCsV2umXHSjc7nomnZl6eE0pW4ONNZMpu5rkNoOIhMaerJSXYUV8Xjp7BT_Equj-9b22MmmXJTqpwc27Tsm9mM50QYR68IoEvQlQ2PVoR38ibr0H/w200-h159/8.%20Case%20decoration%201.jpg-%20ACL.jpg" width="200" /></a></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Sold initially as “Old Cabin Bitters,” the nostrum after a month was renamed “Kelly’s Old Cabin Bitters.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>About the same time, Kelly’s name was removed from the St. Louis liquor house. Directories list him simply as a salesman for Garnhardt.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>My assumption is that Kelly now was dividing his time between St. Louis and New York City, creating a market for the bitters in the East. Evidence suggests that the bottles were made at the Whitney Glass Works in Glassboro, New Jersey.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Reputedly bottled both in New York and St. Louis, Kelly bitters containers have been found throughout the United States including Colorado, Montana, and Texas.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRtt13K2WYxu_P6QGxKhQaNJMcxrx_2IL7NQb0-c3CTF7jV_WyK7s3HG1dpsR0YAD4RZrARph2_2NzuaFFQxc8SlbQTAViHVCDsO4GocLZNMVWtemZkNv1moWY6qNu5cbGXW7h3GyUbIc54PEKNvGh7twyqr8WfkvvBCeilonwNNiINYnOOPSYeXKzWxyR/s576/9b.%20Ad%20for%20Bitters.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="489" data-original-width="576" height="272" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRtt13K2WYxu_P6QGxKhQaNJMcxrx_2IL7NQb0-c3CTF7jV_WyK7s3HG1dpsR0YAD4RZrARph2_2NzuaFFQxc8SlbQTAViHVCDsO4GocLZNMVWtemZkNv1moWY6qNu5cbGXW7h3GyUbIc54PEKNvGh7twyqr8WfkvvBCeilonwNNiINYnOOPSYeXKzWxyR/s320/9b.%20Ad%20for%20Bitters.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="320" /></span></a></div><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2" style="font-size: medium;"></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjV0S4aczCi0MhjO3w9MUlLFZKwURHF7K9-hNgu96ff1EuCKqAr-9tY1UP-H_L6hnQk_BJ4zcZRV49zVw0lh8NjaYiBWWXQ3GN9CICBS_1wTbF6Mh8g2MAQPJstA3OI3UpGEgdVQLRiq7R4_nnap701Wvz3G9jv0K-W7PLfkaj8F7Xb8x3MK7xe51BqPmoM/s878/9c.%20Kelly%20stamp.jpg-%20L%20.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="878" data-original-width="227" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjV0S4aczCi0MhjO3w9MUlLFZKwURHF7K9-hNgu96ff1EuCKqAr-9tY1UP-H_L6hnQk_BJ4zcZRV49zVw0lh8NjaYiBWWXQ3GN9CICBS_1wTbF6Mh8g2MAQPJstA3OI3UpGEgdVQLRiq7R4_nnap701Wvz3G9jv0K-W7PLfkaj8F7Xb8x3MK7xe51BqPmoM/w52-h200/9c.%20Kelly%20stamp.jpg-%20L%20.jpg" width="52" /></span></a><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">As the Civil War dragged on, wartime high taxes on liquor began to be applied to bitters.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The law was ambiguous.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Those selling bitters and other alcoholic compounds put up and sold as medicine were not required to pay the special tax.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Persons selling bitters or other alcoholic compounds “put up and stamped as rectified spirits” were taxed.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Kelly’s Old Cabin Bitters were considered in the latter category and in 1864 Kelly began to affix his own government-approved stamp, one carrying a his portrait, shown here. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>One writer has suggested that the stamps were fraudulent, but Federal records show tax receipts of $5,800 from Garnhart & Kelly.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">But cheating was in the air.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Following the Civil War the notorious “Whiskey Ring” was taking shape in St. Louis in 1871 to defraud the U.S. Government.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The scam worked this way:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Crooked officials would attest that distillers and rectifiers had paid all their taxes when they actually had paid about 60% of what they owed the government, much of the money going as bribes.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The residual 40% stayed in the participants’ pockets. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Garnhart apparently was one of the miscreants, having kept an interest in his St. Louis liquor house even after moving with his family to Madison, Wisconsin.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>His liquor business now was being run by his co-owners.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The fraud in St. Louis got particular attention from Federal authorities. In 1873 a trap was set and sprung.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Garnhart’s company was among those where barrels of illicit whiskey and office ledgers were seized.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Criminal indictments followed.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Garnhart’s partners were among those sent to jail.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>His death at 50 years old in 1874 likely prevented Garnhart from doing prison time.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Meanwhile in New York City John Kelly was left untouched, apparently having faded into the shadows.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-vkwSZsUDTnxR-dq0GlYH94aFJhVdAiTmFvYr4oyVYPQobNUDLhDdQIK8opXmc9vAX3AG3Ou33A6vDblYu_NjgzwP_V4MjbZKEM5NxzA_cTTqLdOwEzf5uFqC4blyL3BpH2MdSyx1wENGklHkG3Yab4ms2R6QR7MZpsUBhucqlsyw2qFKF8zV6bCjLRgB/s287/9d.%20Plain%20OCB,%20$45,000-%20R.tiff" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="287" data-original-width="163" height="287" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-vkwSZsUDTnxR-dq0GlYH94aFJhVdAiTmFvYr4oyVYPQobNUDLhDdQIK8opXmc9vAX3AG3Ou33A6vDblYu_NjgzwP_V4MjbZKEM5NxzA_cTTqLdOwEzf5uFqC4blyL3BpH2MdSyx1wENGklHkG3Yab4ms2R6QR7MZpsUBhucqlsyw2qFKF8zV6bCjLRgB/s1600/9d.%20Plain%20OCB,%20$45,000-%20R.tiff" width="163" /></span></a><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial;">Although Kelly did not face federal indictment, sales of Kelly’s Old Cabin Bitters was</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> shut down in 1874.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">Was it engendered by the breaking of the Whiskey Ring, Garnhart’s death, or yet another cause?</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">There is no clear answer.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">As a result of the earlier name being attached to the Garnhart log cabin bottle for only about a month, a bottle of “Old Cabin Bitters,” (No “Kelly”) shown here, sold not long ago for $45,360 at American Bottle Auctions, based in Sacramento.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">The buyer has not been disclosed.</span></span></p>
<p class="p2" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSQIQy-UC5H4kfY-ChhwW14IjmLbtj6IA83PGmEIUDmzdR6wYtUtZWAq_FoF-0Wdvo-bfR5tC7hDpjZM6nynrwzRe7XxegkWUU-qu9mq1TrR-MP0rJtvhY-jwugL5N2FSaPl1ZKN8Q2YTAvpMLB8ffD5fbJDtar9msSWqLjXQQ8jDZHkT__whL-hlB74Hs/s717/9g.%20Kellys_A.jpg-%20L.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="717" data-original-width="576" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSQIQy-UC5H4kfY-ChhwW14IjmLbtj6IA83PGmEIUDmzdR6wYtUtZWAq_FoF-0Wdvo-bfR5tC7hDpjZM6nynrwzRe7XxegkWUU-qu9mq1TrR-MP0rJtvhY-jwugL5N2FSaPl1ZKN8Q2YTAvpMLB8ffD5fbJDtar9msSWqLjXQQ8jDZHkT__whL-hlB74Hs/w161-h200/9g.%20Kellys_A.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="161" /></span></a><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Even though bottles of the subsequent “Kelly’s Old Cabin Bitters” were distributed for approximately a decade, they too command substantial prices.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The guru of American bitters bottles, Ferd Meyer, notes that while these containers are not considered extremely rare, they <i>“aren’t too shabby either, regularly bringing $2,500 to $5,000 or more for extreme colors.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></i> Shown here are Kelly log cabin bottles in amber, light green, and dark green. <span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"><br /></span></span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpmLM0EASHNIp3KXPaEz-5BL01Z90ketVksAoiNbS5a_xHWtBpvmOptKNtZZagDVsAadMrGqzwTCc21jrYosemecyYGpEsLKC__PHGUW7hTp9vFnEo8JHnmrgrxvWVVjlJFle4fW8IG5-9XmsiDWRBSMhnZzdwlzGei7w1RX-Qrfu3jpbYQi0TRgUDg4Yy/s603/9e.%20KellysGreen_-%20ACL.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="603" data-original-width="576" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpmLM0EASHNIp3KXPaEz-5BL01Z90ketVksAoiNbS5a_xHWtBpvmOptKNtZZagDVsAadMrGqzwTCc21jrYosemecyYGpEsLKC__PHGUW7hTp9vFnEo8JHnmrgrxvWVVjlJFle4fW8IG5-9XmsiDWRBSMhnZzdwlzGei7w1RX-Qrfu3jpbYQi0TRgUDg4Yy/w191-h200/9e.%20KellysGreen_-%20ACL.jpg" width="191" /></span></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEja3XhGGJCYJVQ8ITkWIFuNRuf6LHScqKmksVS4_Tp0C5OZOmPJ-Jm1mJ1z4ZsNGLFJre1fm-mjKmNvHmcpFpJ_0KTPMD8uVTgzyJu5jo43EG2yY2qa_djNGlO8thTPTmxy4xXD8iO-Be3EJRIU46ypGwpVaTCwnMxsmdR1q9Vgravpw6sLa502r8_4b7wG/s410/9f.%20Kelly%20log%20cabin-dark%20green-ACR.tiff" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><img border="0" data-original-height="368" data-original-width="410" height="179" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEja3XhGGJCYJVQ8ITkWIFuNRuf6LHScqKmksVS4_Tp0C5OZOmPJ-Jm1mJ1z4ZsNGLFJre1fm-mjKmNvHmcpFpJ_0KTPMD8uVTgzyJu5jo43EG2yY2qa_djNGlO8thTPTmxy4xXD8iO-Be3EJRIU46ypGwpVaTCwnMxsmdR1q9Vgravpw6sLa502r8_4b7wG/w200-h179/9f.%20Kelly%20log%20cabin-dark%20green-ACR.tiff" width="200" /></span></a><span class="s2" style="font-size: medium;"></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Following his death in Garnhart’s body was returned from Madison to St. Louis where he was interred in Bellefontaine Cemetery in what is described as the Garnhart “family tomb.”<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Following a long illness, his widow, Roberta, joined him there after her death in 1884.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Despite a lengthy search I have been unable to determine what happened to James Kelly after 1874 or his ultimate place of interment. He has faded into the mists of time.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>I hope some sharp eyed Kelly relative will see this post and help fill in the gaps.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"><span style="font-family: arial;"><b>Note:<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></b> This post was gathered from a variety of sources.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Key among them were St. Louis directories.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Several of the images shown here are from<i> “The Bertrand Bottles – A Study of 19th-Century Glass and Ceramic Containers”</i> by Ronald R. Switzer, 1974, published by the National Park Service.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The Bertrand </span></span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">was a steamboat that sank on the Missouri River in 1865 with its cargo and was excavated in 1968.</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; letter-spacing: 0px;">My earlier post on John Garnhart may be found on this website at July 20, 2015.</span></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><p class="p1" style="text-align: justify;"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span><p></p>
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</style>Jack Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01499431800088809848noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6657913448535983609.post-69342104480838243112023-12-03T04:58:00.000-08:002023-12-03T05:03:13.750-08:00The Kiss of Prohibition: “Lips that Touch Liquor…<p><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"> </span></p>
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<p class="p3"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><b>Foreword:</b><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>The Prohibition crusade of the late 19th and early 20th Centuries had many manifestations in America.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>Among its slogans the one that seems to have gained the most attention as well as farcical commentary is the subject of this post.<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></span></p>
<p class="p4"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"> </span></span></p>
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<p class="p6"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span>T<i>he Demon of Rum is about in the land,</i></span></span></p>
<p class="p6"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">His victims are falling on every hand,</span></i></span></p>
<p class="p6"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The wise and the simple, the brave and the fair,</span></i></span></p>
<p class="p6"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">No station too high for his vengeance to spare.</span></i></span></p>
<p class="p6"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">O women, the sorrow and pain is with you,</span></i></span></p>
<p class="p6"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">And so be the joy and the victory, too;</span></i></span></p>
<p class="p6"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">With this for your motto, and succor divine,</span></i></span></p>
<p class="p6"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The lips that touch liquor shall never touch mine.</span></i></span></p>
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<p class="p4"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The last line of the above anonymous poem from the Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) became a popular mantra in efforts by prohibitionists to stop all sales of alcoholic beverages in the United States. It seemingly was a threat by young women to their young men to stay away from booze or skip the smooching.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p4"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The origins of the verse are said to go back at least to March 1873 and perhaps as early as 1869. This mantra of the “drys” was publicized in newspaper articles, magazines and books; depicted on placards, signs, and needle point, and repeated in poems and songs. <i>“Lips that touch liquor…”</i> reached iconic stature and as such attracted more than its share of parodies. Featured here are a few of its manifestations.</span></span></p><p class="p4"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0jiWQvf3g0LCfAHT0jOOb9jS3-gjcE0tdK9XCQ4f3IR3wqCJc13DAv6KuCw7UnVnegapS-nPKUS9J7P9FVBZbfiOBLjVO6kwoU_hoFnV5rP2GQWJe2SZc2CC6V-tIha7oPP7i4JKX37dhBdZEF2uvwi0H2GoBEvPqLTI036UCsv_DP0vkRNTNHqR9_Le4/s320/1.%20WCTU%20%20card%20copy%20-%20%20.jpg-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="320" data-original-width="262" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh0jiWQvf3g0LCfAHT0jOOb9jS3-gjcE0tdK9XCQ4f3IR3wqCJc13DAv6KuCw7UnVnegapS-nPKUS9J7P9FVBZbfiOBLjVO6kwoU_hoFnV5rP2GQWJe2SZc2CC6V-tIha7oPP7i4JKX37dhBdZEF2uvwi0H2GoBEvPqLTI036UCsv_DP0vkRNTNHqR9_Le4/s1600/1.%20WCTU%20%20card%20copy%20-%20%20.jpg-%20C.jpg" width="262" /></a></div><p class="p4"><span class="s1"></span></p>
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<p class="p8"><span style="background-color: #fff3db; color: #29303b; font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">Above is the most attractive of the examples. It shows a very comely young woman with a “Gibson Girl” hair style, olive skin, and ruby “bee stung” lips. This lady is eminently kissable. With this lass the WCTU went straight to the heart of potential swains. The second manifestation of an abstemious young woman below, while still attractive, lacks the same impact. Origin unknown, it appeared frequently in the 1800s on placards and signs of varying sizes and colors. A third young woman carrying a “lips” sign makes no attempt to be seductive. She seems aggressively angry about menfolk and their imbibing.</span></p><p class="p8"><span style="background-color: #fff3db; color: #29303b; font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><p class="p8"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhypCZTHZsj6n0Uv1MGP0F2g2XJ6LyKQVexEK7E1y-lm0Wk6QrPp4nNo8tLMKC0ywiY5VMMCgFShiTptUZ-H7USwbKYFI8Xm2UOuFxPJmZCLG9IIBu6NdgoJ3a2rAjNbGgX3yMbua4xjdLOGhsj-pSJQeheNpkH8BXxb1EYymgiax9THLLIiiP5tArgl6kJ/s359/3.%20Angry%20ACR%20.jpg" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="359" data-original-width="244" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhypCZTHZsj6n0Uv1MGP0F2g2XJ6LyKQVexEK7E1y-lm0Wk6QrPp4nNo8tLMKC0ywiY5VMMCgFShiTptUZ-H7USwbKYFI8Xm2UOuFxPJmZCLG9IIBu6NdgoJ3a2rAjNbGgX3yMbua4xjdLOGhsj-pSJQeheNpkH8BXxb1EYymgiax9THLLIiiP5tArgl6kJ/w136-h200/3.%20Angry%20ACR%20.jpg" width="136" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiP6la0gz8Am_Lw0-OJ6yPsd8nifTMG2_nStnSOBed_T6uLKypTCIFuoetEuW_K5RcZh4p0Uso1nEldFX3ymQCSLNvAtPkK0gabwhnxj3cMdB7ztWQZOzYFKoWpB6h23UwjrMjc6kIuost9X2OG5SYg8jlvnXQPb7ZQrvVZ-4SKm7W4DOvTHjg8Mr07Bhnn/s2994/2.%20Lips.jpg-%20ACL.jpg" style="clear: left; font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="2994" data-original-width="1988" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiP6la0gz8Am_Lw0-OJ6yPsd8nifTMG2_nStnSOBed_T6uLKypTCIFuoetEuW_K5RcZh4p0Uso1nEldFX3ymQCSLNvAtPkK0gabwhnxj3cMdB7ztWQZOzYFKoWpB6h23UwjrMjc6kIuost9X2OG5SYg8jlvnXQPb7ZQrvVZ-4SKm7W4DOvTHjg8Mr07Bhnn/w133-h200/2.%20Lips.jpg-%20ACL.jpg" width="133" /></a></p>
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<p class="p4"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJOqwVzNdIZT5Yk8fKvREYUqeXkY9rqkehSJ6indQBlR-relTki7CKWC6gjoc5cg1b97lsEq-uiWS9D1wpRhJVjx2kkbZG_tkoCz39i2f-VtYyvlJ3gFXSwG8PkydBO7Z1aX2voB5AL1kR0vkagKBKgWPO_bwODYGJ3nS4zK6LsVyqKEHNg91GWSnrd1Qj/s200/4.%20Lips%20song.gif-%20L.gif" style="background-color: transparent; clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="200" data-original-width="150" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJOqwVzNdIZT5Yk8fKvREYUqeXkY9rqkehSJ6indQBlR-relTki7CKWC6gjoc5cg1b97lsEq-uiWS9D1wpRhJVjx2kkbZG_tkoCz39i2f-VtYyvlJ3gFXSwG8PkydBO7Z1aX2voB5AL1kR0vkagKBKgWPO_bwODYGJ3nS4zK6LsVyqKEHNg91GWSnrd1Qj/s1600/4.%20Lips%20song.gif-%20L.gif" width="150" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Songwriters Sam Booth and George T. Evans dedicated a “temperance” ditty to the <i>“Woman’s Crusade Against Liquor Throughout the World” </i>and fittingly gave it the “Lips” title. Among the lyrics were the following: </span></span></p>
<p class="p9"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p6"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Let war be your watchword from shore unto shore,</span></i></span></p>
<p class="p6"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Rum and his legions shall reign no more,</span></i></span></p>
<p class="p6"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">And write on your bonnets in letters that shine,</span></i></span></p>
<p class="p6"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The lips that touch liquor shall never touch mine.</span></i></span></p>
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<p class="p4"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdLDVeyCVOJcNtIYYShBfSdcXfcuPxVgYnAhLF6KMBle_HuoMpELEe7SxLEBR4CdoXWS2ZDe-sK67AGuyRmWE-tGGukg_vGD1CVyfzU33hN7QWI8sqlZz7Cf2lYXJrdBB_5zQMXkgUie2T26BXWwzWe8G2AaYsDpHAv1Rh9rJf6UA0EB6Ht9mc22Cfq6LO/s1600/5.Old%20Maid%20-%20R-jpg.jpg" style="background-color: transparent; clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1003" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdLDVeyCVOJcNtIYYShBfSdcXfcuPxVgYnAhLF6KMBle_HuoMpELEe7SxLEBR4CdoXWS2ZDe-sK67AGuyRmWE-tGGukg_vGD1CVyfzU33hN7QWI8sqlZz7Cf2lYXJrdBB_5zQMXkgUie2T26BXWwzWe8G2AaYsDpHAv1Rh9rJf6UA0EB6Ht9mc22Cfq6LO/w126-h200/5.Old%20Maid%20-%20R-jpg.jpg" width="126" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Write on your bonnets? Booth and Evans must have been taking</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> a snort or two to have thought up that idea. The prohibitionist sentiments naturally raised the “wet” opposition to parody the idea. As shown here, the most enduring images involved unattractive and sour looking women endorsing the idea. A photograph</span><span class="Apple-converted-space" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> </span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;">timeless in its appeal depicts a group of ten chastely dressed matrons beneath the sign. They clearly are making themselves look as “un-kissable” as possible. My attention is drawn to the woman in the center with a large hat and what appears to be serape around her shoulders. Her eyes seem to indicate that her lips might have been on a bottle not long before.</span></p><p class="p4"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYvUq65XHXrvUjxlQ7tBGfUJZ0xGnv_oXjsm4n_eE9O1djsA_dwASYiu-UenK9BzC2_2lF2esGmjsH40AECSlc5lRdLS6_A4993TzvoLBY6V_DYp3WRI1r3UzUaSqcSJtGCCcVR3-odFoNlgzOCyakYI7BpoB7GR6MEkH2NN-dfb7d2THpGkBV9FPPe2-G/s320/6.%20Lips%20and%20Liquor%20spoof%20copy-%20C.jpg" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="320" data-original-width="300" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjYvUq65XHXrvUjxlQ7tBGfUJZ0xGnv_oXjsm4n_eE9O1djsA_dwASYiu-UenK9BzC2_2lF2esGmjsH40AECSlc5lRdLS6_A4993TzvoLBY6V_DYp3WRI1r3UzUaSqcSJtGCCcVR3-odFoNlgzOCyakYI7BpoB7GR6MEkH2NN-dfb7d2THpGkBV9FPPe2-G/s1600/6.%20Lips%20and%20Liquor%20spoof%20copy-%20C.jpg" width="300" /></a></div><p class="p4"></p><p class="p4"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p><p class="p4"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"><br /></span></p>
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<p class="p11"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDCeyD42n8YoQ6NPYrxOQqyiH-g-E8CiUFVBFlSkvpq7Cfgq5NXjh8UxG3Xb3ac_PsPbxa7XyGKIRodEb9AKgMYgslkJD3mOeUKfiEa9ydInKLf-QG9reh264srbVhW1ZVC0DHuelB8m5T-ABr2NM4RXL_3E3eT7r0lcXsebMeFHbXBA6OfoyASAmd6sJD/s320/7.%20Lips%20sign%20%232.jpg-%20L.jpg" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="240" data-original-width="320" height="150" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDCeyD42n8YoQ6NPYrxOQqyiH-g-E8CiUFVBFlSkvpq7Cfgq5NXjh8UxG3Xb3ac_PsPbxa7XyGKIRodEb9AKgMYgslkJD3mOeUKfiEa9ydInKLf-QG9reh264srbVhW1ZVC0DHuelB8m5T-ABr2NM4RXL_3E3eT7r0lcXsebMeFHbXBA6OfoyASAmd6sJD/w200-h150/7.%20Lips%20sign%20%232.jpg-%20L.jpg" width="200" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The Mississippi Riverboat Owners Assn. obviously thought a “Lips” sign would be found hilarious among their patrons. Rightly so since it would have been a rare riverboat that did not sell or serve alcohol aboard the craft, along with other pleasures like gambling and prostitution, neither of which the WCTU would have approved.</span></span></p>
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<p class="p4"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">The “Lips” notion continues to be interpreted and reinterpreted up to the present day. Note the greeting card that includes the enigmatic message, <i>“Lips that touch liquor shall never touch my liquor,” </i>and a puzzling drawing of a woman pouring drops of fluid out of her boot while standing over a supine male figure. I still am puzzling over this offering. It was issued by “Someecards,” an outfit that carried a line of greeting cards featuring drinking.</span></span></p><p class="p4"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><br /></span></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7UkUv-zMQ9bQDHrY8AFWAypUTVZ2on8oiS3JMSbcUOErD5vpH_R4lqXIooNAzlANk7X965aYe1llEsz_4WJ8KSUnmGt5I1mXIegQJ0OOPzd37QOAjrtIPmfxtjA8MfzkruL21F0YDEoLO4Eq925HFJacSWR1U9fhEcatCwizQGut8q3AQQPGNqV98LmGL/s320/8.%20Modern%20card-%20C.png" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="224" data-original-width="320" height="224" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7UkUv-zMQ9bQDHrY8AFWAypUTVZ2on8oiS3JMSbcUOErD5vpH_R4lqXIooNAzlANk7X965aYe1llEsz_4WJ8KSUnmGt5I1mXIegQJ0OOPzd37QOAjrtIPmfxtjA8MfzkruL21F0YDEoLO4Eq925HFJacSWR1U9fhEcatCwizQGut8q3AQQPGNqV98LmGL/s1600/8.%20Modern%20card-%20C.png" width="320" /></a></div><p class="p4"><span class="s1"></span></p>
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<p class="p4"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_mg0Rk68PsivadzWaOLgBg6WPHLS8aT5vt4d49OQsqUBXKxLTsCqErkppBuVkVA0t_1CbEN8nANQuqNlkWd4HmXMLM2yLDlapHcZbyjqonmkJefazKlXxtAAiW3AzLuOxA6HH4sdpzdTG2i8LOVIDWQIKsXx8VB4TAAbULIyz0MNq90P5D_B6faK-4jq3/s393/9.%20Mod%20lips%20R.jpg" style="background-color: transparent; clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" data-original-height="393" data-original-width="184" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_mg0Rk68PsivadzWaOLgBg6WPHLS8aT5vt4d49OQsqUBXKxLTsCqErkppBuVkVA0t_1CbEN8nANQuqNlkWd4HmXMLM2yLDlapHcZbyjqonmkJefazKlXxtAAiW3AzLuOxA6HH4sdpzdTG2i8LOVIDWQIKsXx8VB4TAAbULIyz0MNq90P5D_B6faK-4jq3/w94-h200/9.%20Mod%20lips%20R.jpg" width="94" /></a><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Just when we thought the world was safe from the prohibitionists, images like the one</span></span><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; letter-spacing: 0px;"> here appear. This young woman with a clenched fist and snarlingly face appears to be representing a new generation that harks back to the heyday of the WCTU. Marching in a parade somewhere, she has adopted their mantra and made it her own.</span></p>
<p class="p4"><span class="s1"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"> </span></span></p>
<p class="p8"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p4"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s2">In</span><span class="s1"> closing to this examination of the prohibition theme, a third verse seems fitting. This one came from the pen of poet George W. Young. Appropriately, he entitled it “Lips That Touch Liquor.” Young’s ditty reads as follows:</span></span></p>
<p class="p7"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"></span><br /></span></p>
<p class="p12"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">You are coming to woo me, but not as of yore,</span></i></span></p>
<p class="p12"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">When I hastened to welcome your ring at the door;</span></i></span></p>
<p class="p12"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">For I trusted that he who stood waiting me then,</span></i></span></p>
<p class="p12"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Was the brightest, the truest, the noblest of men,</span></i></span></p>
<p class="p12"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Your lips, on my own, when they printed "Farewell,"</span></i></span></p>
<p class="p12"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">Had never been soiled by the "beverage of hell;"</span></i></span></p>
<p class="p12"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">But they come to me now with the bacchanal sign,</span></i></span></p>
<p class="p12"><span class="s1"><i><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;">And the lips that touch liquor must never touch mine.”</span></i></span></p>
<p class="p13"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: medium;"><span class="s1"><i></i></span><br /></span></p>
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<p class="p10"><span class="s1"></span><br /></p>Jack Sullivanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/01499431800088809848noreply@blogger.com0